1. Most singular nouns add s. dog dogs Nouns ending in s,x,sh,or ch, add es. fox foxes Nouns ending with a vowel and y, add s. holiday holidays Nouns ending with a consonant and y, change the y to I and add es . cherry cherries

2. Nouns ending if f or fe, change the f to v and add es to some nouns, add s to other nouns. wolf wolves Nouns ending with a vowel and o add s. rodeo rodeos Nouns ending with a consonant and o :add s to some nouns ;add es to other nouns . hero heroes Noun that have special plural endings. goose geese

3. Nouns that remain the same. sheep sheep Common nouns and Proper nouns. state California To make a singular possessive noun, add an apostrophe s (‘s). cow cow’s pen To make a plural noun that ends in s a possessive, add an apostrophe to the end of the word. cow cows’ hay

4. To make a plural noun that does not end in s possessive,add an apostrophe s. woman women’s boots

5. Noah Schnurr’s Noun book animals