11. Fluency: Punctuation Clues
Listen as I read “In One Era and Out the
Other.”
As I read, notice how I use punctuation
clues to make my reading understandable
and expressive. I will pause at periods and
commas, change inflection at question
marks, and express emotion at exclamation
marks.
Be ready to answer questions after I
finish.
12. Fluency: Punctuation Clues
How does the narrator support
the generalization that Mama
traveled by landmarks?
What generalizations can you
make about Mama? Give details
to support your generalizations.
13. Concept Vocabulary
landmarks – places or things used as
guides or designated as important or
interesting
mountains – very high hills that rise
2,000 feet or more above surrounding
land
wilderness – wild, desolate region
with few or no people living in it
(next slide)
19. Prior Knowledge
Think of ways to conserve natural resources such as forests, farmland, and water.
Water
Natural
Resources
Land
Forests
20. Prior Knowledge
This week’s audio explores saving
rain forests. After we listen, we
will discuss what you found out
and what surprised you most
about rain forests and the
efforts to save them.
22. Vocabulary Words
canopy – uppermost layer of branches in
forest trees
dangle – to hang and swing loosely
dappled – marked with spots; spotted
fragrant – having or giving off a pleasing
odor; sweet-smelling
pollen – fine, yellowish powder released
from the anthers of flowers that
fertilize the pistil of flowers
23. Vocabulary Words
pollinate – to carry pollen from anthers
to pistils; bring pollen to
slithered – moved with a sliding motion
wondrous – wonderful; marvelous;
remarkable
24. More Words to Know
gash – a long, deep cut or wound
lulled – soothed with sounds or
caresses, caused to sleep
(Next
Slide)
31. my report were not ready so we
started with her’s
My report was not ready so we
started with hers.
maria maked a model of a rain
forest, it had monkeys and parrots
Maria made a model of a rain forest.
It had monkeys and parrots.
32. Irregular Verbs
They
see the Kapok tree. They
saw it before.
While many verbs form their past
tense by adding –ed, other verbs do
not follow this rule. The past tense
form of see is saw. Verbs such as see
are called irregular verbs.
33. Irregular Verbs
Usually you add
–ed to a verb to
show past tense. Irregular verbs
do not follow this rule. Instead of
having –ed forms to show past
tense, irregular verbs change to
other words.
34. Irregular Verbs
Present Tense
Past Tense
Past with has, have, or had
come
came
(has, have, had) come
fall
fell
(has, have, had) fallen
go
went
(has, have, had) gone
hear
heard
(has, have, had) heard
hit
hit
(has, have, had) hit
is/are
was/were
(has, have, had) been
leave
left
(has, have, had) left
read
read
(has, have, had) read
see
saw
(has, have, had) seen
take
took
(has, have, had) taken
tell
told
(has, have, had) told
write
wrote
(has, have, had) written
35. Irregular Verbs
Write the past tense form of the irregular verb in ( ).
Two men (go) into the forest.
went
One man pointed to a Kapok tree and
(leave).
left
The other man (hit) the tree with his ax.
hit
36. Irregular Verbs
Write the past tense form of the irregular verb in ( ).
The man (take) his ax and walked away.
took
Our class has (read) about the rain
forest.
read
37. Irregular Verbs
Write the past tense form of the irregular verb in ( ).
We also have (see) a movie about rain
forest animals.
seen
Our teacher has (take) a trip to the
rainforest.
taken
She has (tell) us about her adventures.
told
45. Fluency: Choral Reading
Turn to page 367, the last paragraph.
As I read, notice how my voice drops
at periods and becomes emphatic for
exclamations.
We will practice as a class doing
three choral readings of this
paragraph.
47. we heared the mans ax ringing
out in the forest
We heard the man’s ax ringing
out in the forest.
birds flies among the branches
and tree frogs whistle
Birds fly among the branches,
and tree frogs whistle.
48. Irregular Verbs
Many verbs add
past tense.
-ed to form their
Some verbs, called irregular
verbs, do not follow this rule.
They change to other words to
show past actions.
49. Irregular Verbs
Present Tense
Past Tense
Past with has, have, or had
come
came
(has, have, had) come
fall
fell
(has, have, had) fallen
go
went
(has, have, had) gone
hear
heard
(has, have, had) heard
hit
hit
(has, have, had) hit
is/are
was/were
(has, have, had) been
leave
left
(has, have, had) left
read
read
(has, have, had) read
see
saw
(has, have, had) seen
take
took
(has, have, had) taken
tell
told
(has, have, had) told
write
wrote
(has, have, had) written
56. Fluency: Punctuation Clues
Turn to page 370, last paragraph.
As I read, notice that quotation
marks show speech and may be a clue
for a reader to change to a different
voice.
Now we will practice together as a
class by doing three choral readings.
58. what a lot of animals their are in
the forest
What a lot of animals there are
in the forest!
if i lived here id be scared to go
outside
If I lived here, I’d be scared to
go outside.
59. Irregular Verbs
Many verbs add
past tense.
-ed to form their
Some verbs, called irregular
verbs, do not follow this rule.
They change to other words to
show past actions.
60. Irregular Verbs
Present Tense
Past Tense
Past with has, have, or had
come
came
(has, have, had) come
fall
fell
(has, have, had) fallen
go
went
(has, have, had) gone
hear
heard
(has, have, had) heard
hit
hit
(has, have, had) hit
is/are
was/were
(has, have, had) been
leave
left
(has, have, had) left
read
read
(has, have, had) read
see
saw
(has, have, had) seen
take
took
(has, have, had) taken
tell
told
(has, have, had) told
write
wrote
(has, have, had) written
61. Replace Dull Verbs
Using certain common irregular
verbs, such as say, come, go, and get,
too often can make writing dull.
Replace these verbs with more vivid
verbs.
The children came home
from school. The children dashed
home from school.
Example:
62. Replace Dull Verbs
Review something you have written
and replace overused verbs with
stronger, more vivid verbs.
69. Fluency: Partner Reading
Turn to page 370, last paragraph.
Read these paragraphs three
times with a partner. Be sure to
follow punctuation clues, and
offer each other feedback.
71. the storm clouds have went away
and the sun had came out
The storm clouds have gone away,
and the sun has come out.
we well have better weather
tomorrow
We will have better weather
tomorrow.
72. Irregular Verbs
Many verbs add
past tense.
-ed to form their
Some verbs, called irregular
verbs, do not follow this rule.
They change to other words to
show past actions.
73. Irregular Verbs
Present Tense
Past Tense
Past with has, have, or had
come
came
(has, have, had) come
fall
fell
(has, have, had) fallen
go
went
(has, have, had) gone
hear
heard
(has, have, had) heard
hit
hit
(has, have, had) hit
is/are
was/were
(has, have, had) been
leave
left
(has, have, had) left
read
read
(has, have, had) read
see
saw
(has, have, had) seen
take
took
(has, have, had) taken
tell
told
(has, have, had) told
write
wrote
(has, have, had) written
74. Irregular Verbs
Test Tip: You may be asked to identify
the correct past tense of an irregular
verb. Learn which verbs are irregular
and practice using their past forms.
The
birds flew away. The birds have
flown away.
We saw a monkey. We have seen a
monkey.
78. Today we will learn about:
Generalize
Persuasive Devices
Word Structure: Suffixes
Grammar: Irregular Verbs
Spelling: Possessives
Schedule
Protecting the Environment
79. Generalize
A generalization is a broad statement
based on several examples.
A generalization can be valid (logical)
or faulty (wrong) depending on the
number of examples on which it is
based and on how logical and careful
the thinking is.
80. Persuasive Devices
Persuasive devices are used to
persuade the reader to agree with the
author’s point of view.
Writers may try to influence readers
by using strong, sensory language or
loaded words. For example, instead of
a more neutral word like cut, a writer
might use a negative word like gash.
81. Persuasive Devices
By paying attention to persuasive
devices, such as testimonials,
bandwagon, or loaded words, you can
decide whether or not you should
believe a writer’s claims.
82. Suffixes
The suffix
–ous means “full of.”Other
suffixes with the same meaning are
-ful and –y.
Use suffixes and base words to
figure out the meanings of the words
in the chart.
84. How could you find out when flights
leave for Brazil and how long it takes
to fly to Brazil?
Flight information is often given in
the form of a schedule.
85. Schedule
A schedule is a kind of chart that
tells you when events will take place.
It usually lists the names of events,
places, dates, and times.
Schedules often organize information
horizontally in rows from left to right
and vertically in columns from top to
bottom.
86. Schedule
Headings for the rows and columns
tell what information each row or
column shows.
88. many of the world’s great
forest’s are in south america
Many of the world’s great
forests are in South America.
i hopes too visit costa rica some
day
I hope to visit Costa Rica some
day.
89. Irregular Verbs
Many verbs add
past tense.
-ed to form their
Some verbs, called irregular
verbs, do not follow this rule.
They change to other words to
show past actions.
90. Irregular Verbs
Present Tense
Past Tense
Past with has, have, or had
come
came
(has, have, had) come
fall
fell
(has, have, had) fallen
go
went
(has, have, had) gone
hear
heard
(has, have, had) heard
hit
hit
(has, have, had) hit
is/are
was/were
(has, have, had) been
leave
left
(has, have, had) left
read
read
(has, have, had) read
see
saw
(has, have, had) seen
take
took
(has, have, had) taken
tell
told
(has, have, had) told
write
wrote
(has, have, had) written
