1. 17TH & 18TH CENTURIES

2. 1625-1649
 Charles I needs money for wars, Parliament
won’t fund him
 Charles makes the poor fight, Parliament
opposes his abuse of power
 Charles dissolves Parliament for 11 years
 Civil war breaks out: Parliament vs. King
 Oliver Cromwell = head of Parliament army
 1647- Charles = POW, convicted of
treason, beheaded in 1649

3. English Commonwealth
 New government after Charles
 Led by Oliver Cromwell
 Cromwell dissolves Parliament in 1653
 Names himself Lord Protector, rules as a
dictator until death in 1658
 Civil war ≠ free society…economic
hardships, unrest
 Gambling, horse racing, newspapers,
fancy clothes, public dancing, theater
outlawed

4. The Restoration
 2 years after Cromwell’s death, Parliament
gives crown to Charles I’s exiled son
 Charles II = king in 1660
 Supported science and arts-brought in
foreign musicians, painters

5. Industrial Age
 Inventions
 Power loom – spinning, weaving (run by
steam engine)
 Factories – mass production
 Merchants selling goods world-wide
 Huge increase in Britain’s wealth

6. The Enlightenment
 Reason, Nature
 Attempt to determine order of the world
 Sir Isaac Newton = gravity

7. 17th & 18th Century Literature
 Ben Jonson  turn from ornate Elizabethan
style to a modern, strong voice
 John Donne  new, witty, cerebral style
known as metaphysical poetry
 Philosophy, science, law
 George Herbert  religious lyrics
 Nature, love, God

8. 17th & 18th Century Literature
 Puritan writers
 John Milton
 Political pamphlets, poetry, devotion to God
 John Bunyan
 Biblical writing
 The Age of Reason
 John Dryden
 Plays, poetry, satirical essays
 Alexander Pope
 Neoclassical = wit, elegance, moderation
 Jonathan Swift
 Satire
 Daniel DeFoe
 Fiction
 Samuel Johnson
 First English dictionary