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TRADEMARK LITIGATION UPDATE
                   商標訴訟更新



   TRADEMARK APPLICANT’S
     FRAUD ON THE USPTO
  商標申請人對美國專利商標局的欺詐

               Michael A. Shimokaji
                   邁克爾律師
WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                          1
TRADEMARK LITIGATION UPDATE
                   商標訴訟更新



    邁克爾專利律師事務所專精智慧產權法律—專利,商標, 版權,商
  業秘密,及不合理競爭。

      本所的客戶從剛起步的公司到世界五百強的企業,及政府機構和
  大學等。 本所代理的客戶有波音公司, 柯羅樓斯(CLOROX)日用品公
  司,霍尼韦尔(HONEYWELL)公司, IBM 公司, 高通
  (QUALCOMM)公司, 加州大學, 美國海軍及富國銀行等。

     雖然本所位於美國加利福尼亞州,但是本所的客戶遍佈美國東西海
  岸。 本所的業務拓展至亞洲, 包括中國, 香港,臺灣和新加坡.



WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                          2
TRADEMARK LITIGATION UPDATE
                   商標訴訟更新


   歷史
      邁克爾律師在2004年成立此律師事務所,堅持給予客戶的
  品質與時效性。
    儘管有許多專業型律師事務所被一般大型律師事務所合併,
  邁克爾律師事務所了解許多客戶還是鐘情專業型事務所所:因為
  這樣的事務所不但能夠與提供與大所一樣,甚至更高質的服務,
  而且價格比大所要實惠很多。
    .
  品質控管與專案管理制度
    本所獨一無二地採用品質控管系統來確保本所客戶在任何律
  師或專利師代理下, 都會得到一致的高品質服務來滿足他們的特
  別需求。
      與其他事務所不同的是,本所還採用了一個文書的專案管
  理制度來保證本所完成案件的時效性。

WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                          3
TRADEMARK LITIGATION UPDATE
                   商標訴訟更新


  費用結構
  特別是在本所的非訴訟服務,本所力求避免傳統的小時計費制度。相反
  地, 在一些特定領域,如專利撰寫及申請,本所與客戶一道共同建立一
  個固定費用及/或不超過一個設定項目的收費標準, 所以本所客戶不必
  費心計算每小時多少費用及在本所共花了多少個小時。

  然而,即使是在傳統上一直是以小時收費的專利訴訟領域,我們往往也
  可以調整收費結構, 使之不完全以小時計費。甚至,本所的收費標準可
  與本所所代表的客戶實現的訴訟結果作連結 。




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                          4
OVERVIEW概覽

•   HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD ARISE
    申請人的欺詐如何產生
•   WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD ON THE USPTO
    甚麼構成對美國專利商標局的欺詐
•   WHAT ARE THE CONSQUENCES OF FRAUD
    欺詐的後果是甚麼
•   HOW DO YOU AVOID FRAUD
    您如何避免構成欺詐




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD
               ARISE
        申請人的欺詐如何產生
•   Defense examples
    防衛性的範例

         Against claim of trademark infringement
         反對商標侵權的指控

         Against opposer in opposition proceeding
         在異議程序中反對對方




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                    6
HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD
               ARISE
        申請人的欺詐如何產生
•   Affirmative claim examples
    肯定性主張的範例


         Counterclaim to cancel registration in trademark
         infringement lawsuit
         通過反訴來取消在商標侵權案件中的登記

         Petition in USPTO to cancel registration
         向美國專利商標局提起申請從而取消登記



WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                            7
HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD
               ARISE
        申請人的欺詐如何產生
•   Affirmative claim examples
    肯定性主張的範例

         Lawsuit to recover damages
         提起訴訟從而恢復損失




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                      8
HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD
               ARISE
        申請人的欺詐如何產生
•   Example documents
    文檔範例

         Trademark application - oath
         商標申請 - 宣誓

         Statement of use
         宣誓書




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                        9
HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD
               ARISE
        申請人的欺詐如何產生
•   Example documents
    文檔範例

         Section 8 and 15 affidavits (continued use)
         美國商標法第8條和第15條(持續使用)




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                       10
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   Elements to be proven
    證明要素

         Elements can be different between lawsuit for damages
         and USPTO proceeding
         要素在損害賠償訴訟和美國專利商標局審查程序中可以有
         所不同




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                                 11
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   USPTO elements to be proven
    美國專利商標局要求的證明要素

         Applicant knowingly makes false, material representations
         of fact (In re Bose, Fed. Cir.)
         申請人明知的做出虛假的,重要的事實陳述(Bose案件,
         聯邦法院)




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                                 12
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   USPTO elements to be proven
    美國專利商標局要求的證明要素

         Must have an intent to deceive (In re Bose, Fed. Cir.)
         必須有欺騙意圖(Bose案件,聯邦法院)




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                                  13
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   USPTO elements to be proven
    美國專利商標局要求的證明要素

         More than misunderstanding, inadvertence, or gross
         negligence (In re Bose, Fed. Cir.)
         不止誤會,漫不經心,或重大過失(Bose案件,聯邦法
         院)




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                              14
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   USPTO elements to be proven
    美國專利商標局要求的證明要素


         Representation must be false
         陳述必須為虛假




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                        15
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   USPTO elements to be proven
    美國專利商標局要求的證明要素

         Omission of information
         省略信息




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                   16
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   Omission of information
    省略信息

         Example - existence of prior registration
         範例 - 存在先前的登記




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                     17
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   Omission of information
    省略信息

         Example – information tending to show descriptiveness or
         genericness
         範例 - 信息傾向於表現描述性或者概括性




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                               18
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   USPTO elements to be proven
    美國專利商標局要求的證明要素

         Representation or omission must be material
         陳述或者省略的內容必須是實質性的




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                       19
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   Material representation or omission
    實質性的陳述或者省略

         Whether registration would have issued or been
         maintained without the misstatement or omission
         不論註冊沒有不當陳述或省略從而本應當被通過或被承認




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                           20
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   Material representation
    實質性的陳述

         Statements of use are material (Metrokane v. Houdini,
         TTAB)
         使用說明是實質性的(Metrokane v. Houdini, TTAB)




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                                 21
WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD
               甚麼構成欺詐

•   Material representation
    實質性的陳述

         Date of first use NOT material (L&JG v. Cosser, TTAB)
         首次使用的日期並非是實質性的(L&JG v. Cosser, TTAB)




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                                 22
WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF
               FRAUD
           欺詐的後果是甚麼
•   In multiple class registration
    多類別的登記


         Cancellation of only classes in which fraud occurred
         (G&W Labs v. GW Pharma, TTAB)
         只有存在欺詐的類別才會被取消(G&W Labs v. GW
         Pharma, TTAB)




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                                23
CONSEQUENCES OF FRAUD
               欺詐的後果

•   In single class registration
    單一類別的登記

         Cancellation of entire registration (Hachette v. Elle Belle,
         TTAB)
         整個登記的取消(Hachette v. Elle Belle, TTAB)




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                                        24
HOW TO AVOID FRAUD
                 如何避免欺詐

•   Applicant’s signing officer understands USPTO oath
    申請人的簽署代表明白美國專利商標局的宣誓

         Avoid deliberate lack of personal knowledge
         避免故意的個人知識的缺失




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                         25
HOW TO AVOID FRAUD
                 如何避免欺詐

•   Provide attorney with documentation
    為律師提供文件

         Documents relating to ownership, use
         和所有權及使用有關的文件




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                26
HOW TO AVOID FRAUD
                 如何避免欺詐

•   Save documented evidence of use
    保存和使用相關的書面證據

         Documents other than specimens can prove use
         (Metrokane v. Houdini, TTAB)
         除樣品外的文件能證明使用(Metrokane v. Houdini, TTAB)




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                                                   27
QUESTIONS
           如有問題,敬請指教!




WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
                         28

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Trademark Applicant's Fraud on the USPTO - by Michael Shimokajito.bio.tw

  • 1. TRADEMARK LITIGATION UPDATE 商標訴訟更新 TRADEMARK APPLICANT’S FRAUD ON THE USPTO 商標申請人對美國專利商標局的欺詐 Michael A. Shimokaji 邁克爾律師 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 1
  • 2. TRADEMARK LITIGATION UPDATE 商標訴訟更新 邁克爾專利律師事務所專精智慧產權法律—專利,商標, 版權,商 業秘密,及不合理競爭。 本所的客戶從剛起步的公司到世界五百強的企業,及政府機構和 大學等。 本所代理的客戶有波音公司, 柯羅樓斯(CLOROX)日用品公 司,霍尼韦尔(HONEYWELL)公司, IBM 公司, 高通 (QUALCOMM)公司, 加州大學, 美國海軍及富國銀行等。 雖然本所位於美國加利福尼亞州,但是本所的客戶遍佈美國東西海 岸。 本所的業務拓展至亞洲, 包括中國, 香港,臺灣和新加坡. WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 2
  • 3. TRADEMARK LITIGATION UPDATE 商標訴訟更新 歷史 邁克爾律師在2004年成立此律師事務所,堅持給予客戶的 品質與時效性。 儘管有許多專業型律師事務所被一般大型律師事務所合併, 邁克爾律師事務所了解許多客戶還是鐘情專業型事務所所:因為 這樣的事務所不但能夠與提供與大所一樣,甚至更高質的服務, 而且價格比大所要實惠很多。 . 品質控管與專案管理制度 本所獨一無二地採用品質控管系統來確保本所客戶在任何律 師或專利師代理下, 都會得到一致的高品質服務來滿足他們的特 別需求。 與其他事務所不同的是,本所還採用了一個文書的專案管 理制度來保證本所完成案件的時效性。 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 3
  • 4. TRADEMARK LITIGATION UPDATE 商標訴訟更新 費用結構 特別是在本所的非訴訟服務,本所力求避免傳統的小時計費制度。相反 地, 在一些特定領域,如專利撰寫及申請,本所與客戶一道共同建立一 個固定費用及/或不超過一個設定項目的收費標準, 所以本所客戶不必 費心計算每小時多少費用及在本所共花了多少個小時。 然而,即使是在傳統上一直是以小時收費的專利訴訟領域,我們往往也 可以調整收費結構, 使之不完全以小時計費。甚至,本所的收費標準可 與本所所代表的客戶實現的訴訟結果作連結 。 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 4
  • 5. OVERVIEW概覽 • HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD ARISE 申請人的欺詐如何產生 • WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD ON THE USPTO 甚麼構成對美國專利商標局的欺詐 • WHAT ARE THE CONSQUENCES OF FRAUD 欺詐的後果是甚麼 • HOW DO YOU AVOID FRAUD 您如何避免構成欺詐 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM
  • 6. HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD ARISE 申請人的欺詐如何產生 • Defense examples 防衛性的範例 Against claim of trademark infringement 反對商標侵權的指控 Against opposer in opposition proceeding 在異議程序中反對對方 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 6
  • 7. HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD ARISE 申請人的欺詐如何產生 • Affirmative claim examples 肯定性主張的範例 Counterclaim to cancel registration in trademark infringement lawsuit 通過反訴來取消在商標侵權案件中的登記 Petition in USPTO to cancel registration 向美國專利商標局提起申請從而取消登記 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 7
  • 8. HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD ARISE 申請人的欺詐如何產生 • Affirmative claim examples 肯定性主張的範例 Lawsuit to recover damages 提起訴訟從而恢復損失 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 8
  • 9. HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD ARISE 申請人的欺詐如何產生 • Example documents 文檔範例 Trademark application - oath 商標申請 - 宣誓 Statement of use 宣誓書 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 9
  • 10. HOW DOES APPLICANT’S FRAUD ARISE 申請人的欺詐如何產生 • Example documents 文檔範例 Section 8 and 15 affidavits (continued use) 美國商標法第8條和第15條(持續使用) WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 10
  • 11. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • Elements to be proven 證明要素 Elements can be different between lawsuit for damages and USPTO proceeding 要素在損害賠償訴訟和美國專利商標局審查程序中可以有 所不同 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 11
  • 12. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • USPTO elements to be proven 美國專利商標局要求的證明要素 Applicant knowingly makes false, material representations of fact (In re Bose, Fed. Cir.) 申請人明知的做出虛假的,重要的事實陳述(Bose案件, 聯邦法院) WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 12
  • 13. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • USPTO elements to be proven 美國專利商標局要求的證明要素 Must have an intent to deceive (In re Bose, Fed. Cir.) 必須有欺騙意圖(Bose案件,聯邦法院) WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 13
  • 14. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • USPTO elements to be proven 美國專利商標局要求的證明要素 More than misunderstanding, inadvertence, or gross negligence (In re Bose, Fed. Cir.) 不止誤會,漫不經心,或重大過失(Bose案件,聯邦法 院) WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 14
  • 15. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • USPTO elements to be proven 美國專利商標局要求的證明要素 Representation must be false 陳述必須為虛假 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 15
  • 16. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • USPTO elements to be proven 美國專利商標局要求的證明要素 Omission of information 省略信息 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 16
  • 17. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • Omission of information 省略信息 Example - existence of prior registration 範例 - 存在先前的登記 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 17
  • 18. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • Omission of information 省略信息 Example – information tending to show descriptiveness or genericness 範例 - 信息傾向於表現描述性或者概括性 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 18
  • 19. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • USPTO elements to be proven 美國專利商標局要求的證明要素 Representation or omission must be material 陳述或者省略的內容必須是實質性的 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 19
  • 20. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • Material representation or omission 實質性的陳述或者省略 Whether registration would have issued or been maintained without the misstatement or omission 不論註冊沒有不當陳述或省略從而本應當被通過或被承認 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 20
  • 21. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • Material representation 實質性的陳述 Statements of use are material (Metrokane v. Houdini, TTAB) 使用說明是實質性的(Metrokane v. Houdini, TTAB) WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 21
  • 22. WHAT CONSTITUTES FRAUD 甚麼構成欺詐 • Material representation 實質性的陳述 Date of first use NOT material (L&JG v. Cosser, TTAB) 首次使用的日期並非是實質性的(L&JG v. Cosser, TTAB) WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 22
  • 23. WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF FRAUD 欺詐的後果是甚麼 • In multiple class registration 多類別的登記 Cancellation of only classes in which fraud occurred (G&W Labs v. GW Pharma, TTAB) 只有存在欺詐的類別才會被取消(G&W Labs v. GW Pharma, TTAB) WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 23
  • 24. CONSEQUENCES OF FRAUD 欺詐的後果 • In single class registration 單一類別的登記 Cancellation of entire registration (Hachette v. Elle Belle, TTAB) 整個登記的取消(Hachette v. Elle Belle, TTAB) WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 24
  • 25. HOW TO AVOID FRAUD 如何避免欺詐 • Applicant’s signing officer understands USPTO oath 申請人的簽署代表明白美國專利商標局的宣誓 Avoid deliberate lack of personal knowledge 避免故意的個人知識的缺失 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 25
  • 26. HOW TO AVOID FRAUD 如何避免欺詐 • Provide attorney with documentation 為律師提供文件 Documents relating to ownership, use 和所有權及使用有關的文件 WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 26
  • 27. HOW TO AVOID FRAUD 如何避免欺詐 • Save documented evidence of use 保存和使用相關的書面證據 Documents other than specimens can prove use (Metrokane v. Houdini, TTAB) 除樣品外的文件能證明使用(Metrokane v. Houdini, TTAB) WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 27
  • 28. QUESTIONS 如有問題,敬請指教! WWW.SHIMOKAJI.COM 28