Presented by Dr. Michael M. Grant.

1. Integrating Games and
Gamification to Support
Teaching & Learning
Michael M. Grant, PhD
Era Roberts
Michael Lampe
Upstate Technology Conference | July 11, 2017
Level Up!

2. Michael M. Grant
University of South Carolina
http://viral-notebook.com
@michaelmgrant

3. Michael Lampe
University of South Carolina–Upstate
@situationalist

4. Era Roberts
Batesburg-Leesville High
@EraARoberts

5. Distinguishing between the 2
Gaming
Gamification

6. Gaming
š Games and gaming are
distinguished by their specific
original purposes of entertainment
š Serious games are designed to
educate first and usually allow the
manipulation of variables (Michael &
Chen, 2005).

7. Gamification
š Gamification applies game design
elements, particularly those
engendering motivation, to non-
game processes (Kapp, 2012), like
courses and training.

8. Background
Research

9. Background Research
š Evidence for supporting &
motivating learners
š Students that participate in daily
gaming outperform student that
participate in daily social media in
math, reading, and science
(Posso, 2016)

10. Background Research
š Specific recommendations for best practices
š Using specific content & targeting specific
objectives improves learning better
š Games & simulations that allowed
debriefing and feedback demonstrated
better results
š Gamification: There are fewer findings but
extrinsic motivations & rewards seem to be
least effective. However, extrinsic
motivation can supplant low initial intrinsic
motivation.

11. Background Research
š Violence in video games
š http://www.apa.org/pi/families/re
view-video-games.pdf
š There is evidence that violence in
video games has an effect on
behavior in children.
š Read up!

12. Gaming Options
š Alignment to specific knowledge or skills
(specialty games)
š Leverage in-class/online learning games
š Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS)
integration
š Social awareness/justice
š Augmented reality

13. Alignment to
Specific Knowledge
+ Skills

14. Diet Dash

15. iCivics

16. Squire’s Quest II

17. HealthX

18. Never Alone

19. In-Class or
online
learning
games

20. Games Teachers/Trainers Play
http://www.thiagi.com/resources/
#/games-3/
Drs. Sivasailam “Thiagi” Thiagarajan
& Marie Jasinski
For online … just found!
http://depaulwimba.pbworks.com/f/SynchronousGames.pdf

21. C3PO
Challenge, Pool, Poll,
Predict, Outcome
http://www.ascilite.org/conferences/coffs00/papers/marie_jasinski.pdf

22. Challenge
What is the
biggest issue
for teachers
using games
in class?
Go to
https://answergarden.ch/376582

23. AnswerGarden will ‘Pool’ for US
What is the
biggest issue
for teachers
using games
in class?
Go to
https://answergarden.ch/376582

24. Lock the Pool + Poll Yourself
What is the
biggest issue
for teachers
using games
in class?
Go to
https://answergarden.ch/376582

25. Lock the Pool + You Predict
What is the
biggest issue
for teachers
using games
in class?
Go to
https://answergarden.ch/376582

26. ULock the Pool + choose Yours
What is the
biggest issue
for teachers
using games
in class?
Go to
https://answergarden.ch/376582

27. Display the Outcome. Were U Correct?
What is the
biggest issue
for teachers
using games
in class?
Go to
https://answergarden.ch/376582

28. Text Message Game in Powerpoint
https://community.articulate.com/download/powerpoint-text-message-scenario-quiz-template

29. Epic Game Trailer Voiceover
Example @ https://audioboom.com/posts/4781002-epic-game-design-intro
Directions @ https://youtu.be/o9-JcEfsTIg

30. Commercial Off the Shelf
Games for Integration

31. Spore + Biology

32. Sid Meier’s civilization

33. Angry Birds + Physics

34. COTS Example: Craig Cash (Dorman High)

35. Social
Awareness/
Justice Games

36. Darfur is Dying

37. Free Rice

38. Re-mission

39. That Dragon, Cancer

40. Open TB in Eterna

41. Augmented Reality

42. Augmented Reality

44. Step-by-Step Guide
http://ipad4schools.org/2013/09/28/bring-schools-to-life-with-aurasma-app/

45. For more sophistication…

46. Games &
Game Design

47. Game Design

48. GameStar Mechanic

49. GameSalad

50. Game Design
Computer Science Education Week, December 5-11.

51. Game Design

52. Good Game Design
š Effective games have good mechanics,
meaningful elements, and should
complement the learning goals (Majumdar,
2016)
š Good mechanics
š Blend conflict & constraints: obstacles,
puzzles, battles, limits, prior knowledge &
skills
š Theme & story: Theme adds interest.
Story narrative is carried throughout
game

53. Good Game Design
š Visual appeal: Use online resources
to create graphics
§ http://opengameart.org (downloadable graphic
bundles)
§ http://elearningtemplates.com/elearning-
activities/ (people cut-outs, game templates)
š Rewards: Emphasize proficiency not
completion. Scores also motivate.
Consider error rates & time if
appropriate.

54. Gamification

55. Gamification
š Points/XP
š Levels/leveling up
š Challenges & quests
š Rewards
š Leaderboards
š Badges
š Feedback loops
š Progress/status bars

56. Mechanics should enhance
the game-like activity, not
be the Goal of the Activity.
(Farber, 2015)
Focus on the learning goals.

57. Gamification examples
š Lee Sheldon (Indiana
University): The
Multiplayer Classroom
šGamification
strategies +
strategies from
MMOGs
šWoW with guilds &
cooperative
challenges/quests.

58. Dr. Grant Gamification Examples
Course ideas based on …
š Kenneth Pierce at The University of Texas at
San Antonio
š Craig Shepherd at the University of Wyoming,
š David Gibson & Chris Haskell at Boise State
University

59. š Content modules designated as
“core levels”
š Assignments identified as quests &
optional modules as “upgrade
quests”
š Player timelines
š Player discussions
š Grades converted to experience
points (XP)
š Badges awarded for completion
of specific levels or activities

61. Brian Sztabnik + Bracketing
https://www.edutopia.org/blog/march-madness-meets-ap-lit-brian-sztabnik

62. Badge Elements

63. Examples: Alex Hollis (Dorman High)

64. Badging Systems
Credly
ClassBadges

65. Badging Inside Blackboard

66. Mozilla Backpack

67. Gamification
Systems

68. Class Dojo

69. Edmodo
Learning management system that features badges,
small groups, & teacher moderator options

70. 3D GameLab
Leaderboard,
badges, quest-
like structure,
leveling-up
challenges

71. Class Craft
Modeled on
WoW.
Points,
teacher
analytics
dashboard,
small group
teams

72. Everyday
Games

73. Kahoot
Students
earn points
for
accuracy &
speed as
they answer
questions
created by
the teacher
or another
student.

74. Quizlet Live
Based off Quizlet
flashcards.
Students work
collaboratively to
correctly match
cards as they race
against other teams
on a live scoreboard.
Great detailed
feedback for
response review
provided

75. Content-specific
Possibilities

76. ELA/SS: Interactive Fiction (Faber, 2015)
š Interactive fiction allows
the reader to make
choices throughout the
story.
š “Choose-your-own-
adventure”
š Reinforces cause/effect
& story-arc design
šOptions include:
http://timesocietygam
e.com/
šhttp://www.mission-
us.org/
š Have students create
interactive fiction
šTwine (text-based)
šInklewriter (slicker)

77. ELA/Creative WRiting

78. Communications/Language

79. ELA/Digital Humanities

80. Math
š Puzzle based/logic
games (Feeny,
2014)
š Puzzle apps help
develop creative
mathematical
thinkers.
š Promote problem solving skills,
reasoning, use of appropriate
tools, analysis of structures, and
pattern recognition.
š Engel's Enigma
š Tower of Hanoi
š Slice It!
š KenKen
š Monument Valley
š Sites with math game options
š Manga High
http://mangahigh.com (also
has assignment and reporting
tools)

81. Social Studies
š iCivics
(https://www.icivics.org)
š Multiple games to support
civics education; all come
with curriculum guides
š Mission US
(http://www.mission-us.org/ )
š Explore history through
document-based, choice-
embedded missions;
curriculum guides
available

82. Science
š Kids.gov
https://kids.usa.gov/teens/pla
y-games/science/index.shtml
š http://playsciencegames.com/
š Stella
http://minerva.union.edu/rices/
STELLA/stella_intro.html
š Alien Rescue
š Interactive dissections
š Frog dissection (app)
š 4D anatomy (app & web)

83. Special Needs
š Special needs students can be supported
in developing life skills (Knorr, 2016)
š Conflict resolution: Cool School: Where
Peace Rules (Mac, Windows)
š Motor skills: Active Life-Magical Carnival
(Nintendo Wii)
š Organization: Engineering.com (Mac,
Windows)
š Social: Doki Doki Universe (Playstation);
Herotopia (Mac, Windows)

84. http://www.edutopia.org/game-
based-learning-resources
Many more resources at Edutopia

85. 1. Games is a 4-letter word
2. Assessment
2 Biggest Issues

86. 1. Games is a 4-letter word
š Direct alignment with curricular
content
š Inform parents ahead of time
š Allow students to be experts
š Prepare your research-based
argument
š Determine just how much of a game
is needed to get the best benefit

87. 2. Assessment
š Consider a move to mastery learning
š Consider ‘cheats’
š Debriefs & ’God view’
š Error reduction & decision-making
š Emphasize representations of
knowledge

88. Implementing & Evaluating
š https://www.filamentle
arning.com/ebook-
implementing-and-
evaluating-your-
district-game-based-
learning-program

89. Thanks so much!
Questions?
Era Roberts
Michael Lampe
Michael M. Grant, PhD | michaelmgrant@sc.edu

90. http://bit.ly/games4teaching
Download slides
from this URL.

91. References
š APA Task Force on Violent Media. (2015). Technical report on the review of the violent video game literature. Washington, DC: American
Psychological Association. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/pi/families/review-video-games.pdf
š Carlson, D. L. (2008). Playing the classroom-as-game: Building a community of learners at the start of a new year. English Journal, 98(1), 57-60.
š Cornally, S. (2012). Video games in the STEM classroom. Retrieved from http://www.edutopia.org/blog/video-games-in-STEM-classroom-shawn-
cornally
š Cunningham, J. (2016). Video game helps combat lazy eye in kids. Retrieved from http://www.healthcanal.com/eyes-vision/74347-video-
game-helps-combat-lazy-eye-in-kids.html
š Dignan, A. (2011). Game frame: Using games as a strategy for success. New York: Free Press.
š ELI, EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative. (2014). 7 things you should know about games learning. Accessed from:
https://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ELI7106.pdf.
š ELI, EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative. (2011). 7 things you should know about gamification. Accessed from:
https://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ELI7075.pdf.
š Farber, M. (2015). Gamification: Learning on a quest. http://www.innovatemyschool.com/ideas/gamification-learning-on-a-quest
š Feeny, P. (2014). Games in the mathematics classroom: There’s an app for that!. Retrieved from http://www.edutopia.org/blog/game-apps-in-
math-class-patrick-feeney
š Gee, J. P. (2003). What video games have to teach us about learning and literacy. New York: Macmillan.
š Jarrett, N. (2016). Pokemom GO and how it can inspire augmented reality in the classroom. Retrieved from
https://edtech4beginners.com/2016/07/18/pokemon-go-and-how-it-can-inspire-augmented-reality-in-the-classroom/
š Kapp, K.M. (2012). The gamification of learning and instruction: Game-based methods and strategies for training and education. San
Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer.
š Ke, F. (2009). A qualitative meta-analysis of computer games as learning tools. In R.E. Ferdig (Ed.), Effective electronic gaming in education
(Vol.1, pp. 1-32). Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference.

92. References
š Knorr, C. (2016). Video games that improve skills for kids with special needs. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/13/health/video-games-special-
needs/
š Lee, J., & Hammer, J. (2011). Gamification in education: What, how, why bother? Academic Exchange Quarterly, 15(2), 1-5.
š Majumdar, A. (2016). Utilizing gaming elements: 5 popular ways of delivering successful game-based learning. Retrieved from http://www.gc-
solutions.net/blog/utilizing-gaming-elements-5-popular-ways-of-delivering-successful-game-based-learning/
š Michael, D.R. & Chen, S.L. (2005). Serious games: Games that educate, train, and inform. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning PTR.
š NMC, New Media Consortium 2014 Horizon Report (higher education edition) (2014a) . Accessed from: https://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ELI7075.pdf.
š NMC, New Media Consortium 2014 Horizon Report (k-12 edition) (2014b) . Accessed from: http://cdn.nmc.org/media/2014-nmc-horizon-report-k12-EN.pdf.
š Posso, A. (2016). Internet usage and educational outcomes among 15-year old australian students. International Journal Of Communication, 10, 26. Retrieved
from http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5586/1742
š Randel, J.M., Morris, B.A., Wetzel, C.D. & Whitehill, B.V. (1992). The effectiveness of games for educational purposes: A review of recent research. Simulation and
Gaming, 23(3), 261-276.
š Sheldon, L. (2011). The multiplayer classroom: Designing coursework as a game. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
š Shelton, B., & Scoresby, J. (2011). Aligning game activity with educational goals: Following a constrained design approach to instructional computer games.
Educational Technology Research & Development, 59, 113-138.
š Sitzmann, T. (2011). A meta-analytic examination of the instructional effectiveness of computer-based simulation games. Personnel Psychology, 64(2), 489-528.
š Sztabnik, B. (2014). March madness meets AP lit. Retrieved from http://www.edutopia.org/blog/march-madness-meets-ap-lit-brian-sztabnik
š Tomita, T. (2016) Five tips for gamifying your classroom. Retrieved from https://edtech4beginners.com/2016/07/23/guest-blog-post-five-tips-for-gamifying-your-
classroom/
š Vogel, J.J., Vogel, D.S., Cannon-Bowers, J., Bowers, C.A., Muse, K. & Wright, M. (2006). Computer gaming and interactive simulations for learning: A meta-
analysis. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 34(3), 229-243.
š Wagner, D. (2017, May 15). 4 Games to Spark Empathy-building in the Classroom. KQED News, MindShift. Retrieved from
https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2017/05/15/4-games-to-spark-empathy-building-in-the-classroom/
š Wolfe, J. (1997). The effectiveness of business games in strategic management course work. Simulation and Gaming, 28(4), 360-376.