1. 2.0 CARBON COMPOUNDS 2.7 ANALYSING ESTERS

2. ESTERS Natural Sources & uses in daily life Functional Group General Formula Naming Esters & molecular Formula Structure Formulae Preparation in lab Physical Properties Of Ethyl Ethanoate 1 7 6 2 3 8 4 5 Esterification reactions

3. 1.0 General Formula C n H 2n+1 COOC m H 2m+1 n = 0, 1, 2, …. m = 1, 2, 3, …. Eg. O H H H -- C--O--C--C—H H H HOC m H 2m+1 m = 1, 2, 3, …. ( alcohol ) C n H 2n+1 COOH n = 0, 1, 2, 3, …. ( Carboxylic acid ) + Ethyl methanoate

4. 2.0 Functional Group Carboxylate Group -- COO -- Eg. O R--- C---O--- R

5. 3.0 Naming & Molecular Formula Ethanol + ethanol acid  ethyl ethanoate

6. 4.0 Structure Formulae O H H H -- C--O--C--C--H H H Ethyl methanoate

7. 5.0 Preparation in lab Ethyl methanoate O O H 2 SO 4 R-- C--O--H + H--O-- R’ R --C--O-- R’ + H 2 O Carboxylic acid alcohol ESTER water

8. 6.0 Physical Properties Of Ethyl Ethanoate Boiling point lower than carboxylic acid Colourless liquids Sweet pleasant smell Dissolve in organic solvents Slightly soluble in water

9. 7.0 Esterification reactions Ethyl methanoate O O H -- C--O--H + H--O--CH 3 H--C--O--CH3 + H 2 O methanoic acid + methanol methyl methanoate + water

10. 8.0 Natural sourcer of esters & Uses in daily life Uses : n-pentyl ethanoate / CH3COOC5H11 – bananas flavour Sourcers : Fruits & flower