This document discusses Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and its application to understanding basic human needs. It provides an overview of Maslow's five levels of needs - physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization - and explains that lower level needs must be met before individuals can progress to meeting higher level needs. The document also compares Maslow's hierarchy to categories of basic human needs, identifies factors that can influence an individual's needs priorities, and notes that human needs are not constant and can vary between individuals and depending on situation. The purpose is for nursing students to understand and apply Maslow's theory to defining and prioritizing patients' basic needs.

1. BASIC HUMAN NEEDS
“MASLOW’S HIERARCHY”
Mutia Rahmah, S.Kep., Ns
School of Nursing, Medical Faculty
Lambung Mangkurat University
2015

2. Tujuan Umum
Mahasiswa mampu mendefinisikan teori kebutuhan
manusia berdasarkan hirarki Maslow
Mahasiswa mampu memahami komponen dari hirarki
Maslow tentang kebutuhan
Mahasiswa mampu memahami hubungan antara
tingkatan yang berbeda dari kebutuhan
Mahasiswa mampu memahami faktor yang
mempengaruhi prioritas kebutuhan individual
Tujuan Khusus
Mahasiswa mampu memahami teori kebutuhan dasar
manusia berdasarkan hirarki Maslow

3. What is Basic
Human Needs
Nursing has been defined as a helping
relationship. As a nurse, you will help people to
satisfy their basic needs and to reduce threats to this
need fulfillment. Most types of nursing care are
prioritized using the same hierarchy.

4. Definition
Basic human needs is something that required
by all human and it’s essential in order to survive.
Physical
Needs
Emotional
Needs
Social
Needs
CATEGORIES OF BASIC HUMAN NEEDS

6. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is based on theory
that something will be called basic needs if:
Those needs are not met - cause illness
Those needs are met - can prevent illness
Those needs are an indicator of health/ wellness
There is sense of loss if those needs are’nt met
There is satisfaction if those needs are met
“Maslow defined a Hierarchy of Human Needs
that stated the lower needs must be met before
an individual can strive to meet the higher needs”

7. Self actualization
Esteem
Lve & Belonging
Safety
Physiological
Type
of Needs
Higher
Level
Needs
Lower
Level
Needs

9. Relationship Between Levels Of Needs
• According to Maslow, the basic physiological needs
related to survival (food, water, etc.) must be met
first of all.
• These basic physiological needs have a greater
priority over those higher on the pyramid. Ex: A
patient in severe pain will not be concerned with
improving his interpersonal relationships.
• Generally speaking, each lower level must be
achieved before the next higher level(s) can be
focused upon.

11. COMPARISON OF BASIC HUMAN NEEDS AND
MASLOW'S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Physiological: Food, shelter,
water, sleep, oxygen,
elimination
Safety: Security, stability,
order
Love and Belonging:
Affection, identification,
companionship
Esteem : Self esteem. Self
respect, prestige, success,
esteem of others
Self actualization: self
fulfillment, achieving one’s
capability
Maslow’s
BHN
Physical Needs: Food, water,
oxygen, elimination, clothing
& shelter for bady warmth &
protection, activitiy, or
sensory & motoric
stimulation including sex,
physical exercise and rest
Emotonal Needs: Love
(approval & esteem),
importance (recognition &
respect, adequacy,
productivity
Social Needs: Identification/
belonging, education/
learning, religion/spiritual,
recreation/ play
BHN

12. Factors that Influence of Needs Priority
• Personality & Mood
• Social
• Economy
• Culture
• Family structure
Human Needs are not constant

13. References
• Brookside Associates. 2007. Nursing Fundamentals-I, Section
1. Basic Human Needs and Principles of Health. Medical
Education Division, Brookside Associates.
• Potter & Perry. 2005. Buku Ajar Fundamental Keperawatan:
Konsep, Proses & Praktik. Ed. 4. Jakarta: EGC.
• Asmadi. Teknik Prosedural Konsep & Aplikasi Kebutuhan Dasar
Manusia. Jakarta: Penerbit Salemba.

14. We’ve common needs because we are a person; we’ve
individual needs because we are unique. The Practical
Nurse supplies the help that is required to meet the
patient's needs during the stressful periods of
hospitalization and recuperation
THANK
YOU