architecture

1. Visual Training (ARCH2301)
University of Palestine
College of Applied Engineering & Urban Planning
Department of Architecture, Interior Design & Planning

2.  Overview
 The lecture: Primary elements
Point
Line
Plane
Volume
1D1D
2D2D
3D3D

4. Point
Point is :
 A dot on a surface
 It has no length, width.
 It is static, centralized, and stable

5.  Point can serve to mark:
- -Two ends intersection
line meetings at
.corners
 It create visual tension
.with its field

7. Point in architecture
 Column
 Obelisk
 Tower
 It is the top plan of any vertical linear
element such as:

9. Built as point

10. Plan of apartments
Marina City

12. Two points describe a line that connects them.

14. • Think of three elements can
serve to make two ends,
intersection or line meetings
at corners in
architecture????
• Think of three elements
create a visual tension in
space>>>>
•

15. Line is a point extended in the space in one direction .
 with properties of : length , direction and position, but
no width.

16.  Join, link, support, surround, or
intersect other visual elements.
 Describe the edges of and give
shape to planes.
 Articulate the surfaces of planes
A line is an important element. It can serve
to:

17. Also, the point is founded at the edges of the volume.

22. Types of line:
o Vertical lines
o Horizontal lines
o Curved lines
o Oblique lines
Visual construction:

23. Vertical lines
 Vertical lines
communicate a
feeling of loftiness
and spirituality
 They seem to extend
upwards beyond
human reach, toward
the sky

24. Horizontal Lines
suggests a feeling of rest.
Objects parallel to the earth are at rest in
relation to gravity
Compositions in which horizontal lines
dominate tend to be quiet and restful in
feeling

25. Horizontal lines

26. Diagonal lines

27. Curved Lines
Soft, shallow curves suggest comfort, safety,
familiarity, relaxation
Have a pleasing, sensual, gentle quality

28. Curved lines

30. Horizontal and Vertical Lines
 Horizontal and vertical lines in
combination communicate
stability and solidity
 Rectilinear forms stay put in
relation to gravity, and are not
likely to tip over
 This stability suggests stability,
reliability and safety.

32. suggest a feeling of movement or direction
unstable in relation to gravity, being neither vertical nor horizontal,
they are either about to fall, or are already in motion
 If a feeling of movement or speed is desired, or a feeling of activity,
diagonal lines can be used
The oblique lines

33. 3. Plane
 line extended in a direction
 Two dimensional (has width and height but no
depth)
 Can also create the illusion of three dimension
objects

35. Plane…
• Shapes is a plane`s primary identifying characteristic.
• The surface properties of a plane, its color and texture, will
affect its visual weight and stability.
• Planes in architecture define three-dimensional volumes of form
and space.
• The generic types of planes:
1. The overhead plane.
2. The wall plane.
3. The base plane.

36. Each wall in red colour represents a plane.

38. 4-Volume
 A plane extended in a direction.
 It has three-dimensions, length,
width, and depth.
 Volume can be:
1. solid, ”mass” sculpture
2. void, “space” room
3. enclosed “plane” courtyard