health education

1. Health Education
• Health can be defined as the state of being free
from illness or injury.
• WHO has defined health as, “A state of complete
physical, mental and social well being not merely an
absence of disease or infirmity.”

2. Health Education
• Health education is the process that informs
motivation and helps people to adopt and maintain
healthy practices and life style, advocates
environmental changes as need to facilitate the
goals and conducts professional training and
research to the same end.
• Education that increases the awareness, and
favorably influences the attitudes and knowledge
relating to the improvement of Health on a personal
or community basis.

3. Incorporation of different issues
related to health education in
primary and secondary education
in Bangladesh

4. Learning competency in the primary
science curriculum

5. Among all the five grades, under this learning
competency, it is mentioned in primary science
curriculum that,

6. Primary science (Grade Five)
textbook

9. Grade Six science textbook

11. Grade Seven science textbook

16. Home science textbook of Grade
Six

20. Home science textbook of Grade
Eight

23. Health education (শারীররক রশক্ষা ও
স্বাস্থ্য) textbook of Grade Six

26. Health education ( শারীররক রশক্ষা ও
স্বাস্থ্য ) textbook of Grade Seven

29. Health education ( শারীররক রশক্ষা ও
স্বাস্থ্য ) textbook of Grade Eight

32. Types of Germs
• Virus
– Frequently get better on their own
– Limited treatment, other than rest and control of symptoms
– Few medications to treat viruses
• Bacteria
– Often need to be treated with antibiotics
• Fungus
– Often on surfaces of body and can be treated with creams or
oral medication
• Parasite
– Typically cause diarrhea
– Often need to be treated with antiparasitic medications

33. Definitions
• Infection
– When a germ causes a disease
• Contamination
– When a germ is placed in or on the body, a surface, or in food or
water

34. More Definitions
• Contagious
– When germs can be spread to others
• Infectious
– Capable of causing an infection
• Communicable
– Can be transmitted to others
Essentially all mean
the same thing

35. Impact of Infectious Diseases
• All members of society are affected

36. however
• Germs in early education programs are the same as
those in community outbreaks
• 90% of infections are mild, self-limited, and require
no treatment

37. Symptoms of Infectious Diseases
• Cough
• Runny nose and/or congestion
• Difficult or noisy breathing
• Vomiting, nausea, or stomachache
• Diarrhea
• Rash
• Itching
• Drainage or irritation of eye or other infected body part
• Fever
• Aches or pains: Sore throat, earache, headache, body ache
• Mouth sores
• Swollen glands
• Behavior changes

38. How Infectious Diseases Spread
• Respiratory droplets
• Fecal-oral
• Direct contact with people or objects
(especially by germs on hands)
• Body fluids: blood, urine, and saliva
• Insects

39. Hygiene
Personal
Environmental

40. Personal hygiene - taking care of
your body
• Kids can sometimes be careless when it comes to
personal hygiene.
• The importance of good hygiene
– especially during cold and flu season, when sickness can be
passed around because of unwashed hands and uncovered
coughs.
– Therefore, good hygiene should be taught at school and at
home. In the classroom alongwith at home, kids can learn
about hygiene's importance and find the right ways to stay
neat, clean and healthy.

41. Personal hygiene – Educating
children about taking care of
their body

42. Start With The Basics
 Hand washing is one of the most important hygiene
practices we can teach our kids.
 The basics include washing several times daily,
especially after using the bathroom, using soap and
water (preferable to alcohol-based hand sanitizers),
using friction when washing, washing for an
appropriate period of time, and proper rinsing.
 Soap and water are preferable to hand sanitizers
because sanitizers don’t eliminate all types of germs
and are not as effective when hands are visibly dirty.

43. Lead By Example
 Let the children observe our own routine.
 Invite them into the bathroom while we brush our teeth,
comb our hair, and wash our face at night.
 Remind ourselves aloud within their earshot to wash our
hands before preparing dinner.
 If they see us taking care to wash and brush, they will be
more likely to follow suit.

44. Explain The Importance Of
Grooming
• The idea of using hygiene to introduce basic, age-
appropriate concepts of health, wellness, and disease
is important.
• Kids can grasp the idea of infection without knowing
the scary details.
• Kids of certain ages can understand the ideas that
diseases can be communicable and that they can
prevent transmission by practicing good hygiene.

45. Make Use Of Visual Or Interactive
Resources
There are also tons of children’s books and videos on
the hygiene related subject. Relax and let their
favorite character teach them about the importance of
proper hygiene. (Meena Cartoon)

46. Make It Routine
• We hear it time and time again. Children thrive on
routines. Incorporate hair and teeth brushing into our
morning and evening ritual. Make bath time a
precursor to our bedtime story. As they start to
perform these tasks daily, they will begin to accept
them as part of their daily life. They may even
surprise us and remind us when we’ve forgotten an
important part of the hygiene routine!

47. Environmental hygiene- Educating
children about taking care of their
environment :
(Household, school and community)

48. Healthy Households
 Make children conscious about the following aspects
for household hygiene
 Cleanliness and removal of dirt/garbage
 Lighting
 Ventilation
 Domestic insects control
 Heating and Cooling

49. Cleanliness of School
• Children pass a big amount of time in school.
Teachers can stimulate the children to make initiative
to clean their respective classroom first and then the
outside of the classroom. Let them give a list of to-do
list in the classroom which they will abide by to make
their school environment neat and clean.

50. Cleanliness of Community
• When children are well aware of both household and
school hygiene, they can understand the importance
of community hygiene.
• Take Initiative to keep the community clean
partnering with community leader, clubs…

51. Adolescent Health issues

52.  Adolescence—the transition from childhood to
adulthood—is one of the most dynamic stages of
human development. It is a time of marked physical,
emotional, and intellectual changes, as well as
changes in social roles, relationships and
expectations.
 Adolescents are not just teenagers. Adolescents
include 10-24 year-olds. Adolescence is not one
developmental stage, but three developmental stages:
– Early adolescence (10-14 years of age);
– Middle adolescence (15-17 years of age); and
– Late adolescence and young adults (18-24 years of age).

53. Educating about adolescent health
issues
 Giving guidance on hygiene, exercise, rest, eating,
drinking, maturation, sexuality & relationship
 Through introducing adolescent friendly policies to
 fulfill the rights of adolescents
 Take into account for special groups, including vulnerable
& underserved groups
 Pay attention to gender factor
 Use of the media in relation to awareness raising and
education

54. Educating about adolescent health
issues
 Providing accurate age appropriate information to
school going children between age of 14-19 on
adolescence and growing up
 Reinforcing existing positive behavior and instill life
skills that enable young people to protect themselves.

55. Public Health Issues in
Bangladesh

56.  A number of challenges in health and nutrition remains.
These are:
 Improving health care-seeking behavior such as
education, awareness-raising and skills building in
recognizing and treating pneumonia and obstetric
emergencies.
 Rapid urbanization which creates conditions that make
slum dwellers vulnerable to disease as a result of
problems of sanitation, hygiene and the supply of clean
water.
 The emergence of arsenic in tube well water, leading
to arsenic poisoning.
 The potential for HIV/AIDS to develop into a major
problem.

57.  Public health has improved markedly in Bangladesh
over the past three decades
 Life expectancy at birth is approximately 70 years,
just above the World Health Organization’s world
average of 69 years.
 Maternal mortality, infant and child mortality, and
malnutrition rates have all declined substantially

58. Educating children about public
health issues in Bangladesh
• School public health education may be delivered in a
variety of ways, with varying emphases on biological,
behavioral, and pedagogical concepts.
• Teachers and other health professionals must be
prepared to address the complex social,
developmental, and health-related issues that children
bring to the classroom.
• Continued effort should be made to maximize the
learning of critical issues and concepts in public
health.

59. Educating children about public health
issues in Bangladesh
1) Provide health information from traditional health
content areas (community health; consumer health;
environmental health; family health; mental health;
injury prevention/safety; nutrition; personal health;
diseases; and substance abuse),
2) Reminding children about the health risk behavior
categories for the disease control and prevention
specially in rural areas,
3) Describe various components of a coordinated
school health program

60. Educating children about public health
issues in Bangladesh
4. Making children aware of the current pressing public
health issues like:
 Arsenicosis
 Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) and Pneumonia
 Dengue
 Diarrhea and Water-borne Diseases
 Essential Nutrition
 HIV/AIDS
 Improved Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)
 Malaria
 Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (MNCH)

61. Educating children about public health
issues in Bangladesh
6. Make them understand health promotion and disease
prevention concepts
7. Let them Know how to access valid health information,
products, and services
8. Make them to analyze the influence of culture, media, and
technology on health
9. Tell them to use interpersonal communication skills to
improve health condition
10. Introduce the term “Health Literacy” to the children so
that they can have the capacity to obtain, process, and
understand basic health information and services needed
to make appropriate health decisions.

62. Family Life Education
• Family Life Education is the educational effort to
strengthen individual and family life through a
family perspective. The objectives of family life
education is to enrich and improve the quality of
individual and family life by providing knowledge
needed for effective living.

63. Contents of family Life Education
• What is Family
• Importance of family
• Different family Pattern
• Family members and their responsibility in successful functioning of the
family
• Correct terminology when talking about body parts and functions
• All human beings are worthwhile and need to be accepted and
appreciated as worthwhile
• Growth & developent of child
• Reproductive system
• Behavior that enable child to gain friends & lose friends
• Behavior in groups
• How to respond appropriately to good touches & how to handle
inappropriate approaches from relatives, strangers & others
• Physical changes that begin to occur during puberty
• Awareness of human fertilization & parental development
• Basic human emotions & dealing them effectively

64. Contents of family Life Education
• Child abuse & child neglect
• Use of drugs
• Food & nutrition
• Personal Hygiene
• Roles, duties & responsibilities of family members
• Sexually transmitted diseases: AIDS, Syphilis, Gonorrhea etc
• Curse of premarital sexual activity
• Personal characteristics that can contribute to happiness for self & others
• Community health care, safety agencies & their functions
• Signs & symptoms of pregnancy
• Responsibility for family planning
• Contribution of various racial and ethnic group to family life & society
• Sexual assault, rape & molestation

65. • Health, Population and environmental education are
the three dimensions of life for the preservation and
promotion of safe environment.
Population, Health, Family Life Education
and
Environmental Education Interface

66. • In the same way, Health, Population and
environment help to produce healthy, alert and
active human resource for the country.
• In fact safe and healthy environment is necessary
for the health and happiness of human beings.
So the conservation and promotion of various
environmental factors like air, water, forests,
residential area and vegetation is the
responsibility and duty of every individual.
Interface

67. • Health, population and environmental education
are closely interrelated with each other.
• Thus the study of these subjects motivates people
to keep the basic knowledge of health education,
population management and conservation and
promotion of clean environment.
Interface

68. • Biological aspects include plants, animals, birds etc.
i.e. the living components of surroundings.
• Human beings are also one of the components of
bio diversity.
• Moreover, Biodiversity is an important determinant
of population distribution and density.
• Various aspects of health and population are
related with the biological aspects.
Biological Aspect of Interface

69. • Human beings and other animals get food,
medicine and other requirements from biological
environment.
• People are healthy due to sufficient nutritious food.
Better agricultural production and healthy
environment improve the quality of the people.
• In this way, there is a close relation between
biological aspect of environment, population and
health.
Biological Aspect of Interface

70. • Human beings made social and cultural rules and
regulations.
• Socio- cultural aspects include customs, religions,
festivals, traditions etc.
• Social and cultural rules play an important role on
human life.
• People spend too much money during festivals and
ceremonies just to show their status in their society.
Socio-Cultural Aspect of Interface

71. • Unmanaged celebration of festivals hampers poor
people and also deteriorates environment as well as
health of the people.
• Over eating and haphazard disposal of the
remaining food of festivals pollute the environment.
• So, we should develop a habit to conduct various
functions without disturbing environment is related
to health and population.
Socio-Cultural Aspect of Interface