Cause and effect essay

1. CAUSE / EFFECT
ESSAY
ORGANISATION

2. The Introduction
 General Statements :Two or three
sentences that introduce the general
topic or issue
Thesis Statement: A statement that
shows purpose for the essay.

3. Writing General Statements
for Both Cause and Effect
Essays
 Working on the key words in the
topic question
Starting with opposite idea
Past & Present
Asking a question

4. Working on the key words
in the topic question
• Why is there stress in the parent-
child relationship?
key words: stress, parent-child
relationship
Can you give a brief description of this
relationship?(parent-child)
What type of stress are involved in
this relationship?

5. Working on the key words
in the topic question
• Being parent means providing the love,
care, and guidance that a child needs to
grow into a healthy adult. Unfortunately,
the special relationship between a parent
and a child often involves argumants, hurt
feelings, and other stresses. There are a
number of reasons why there is stress in
the parent-child relationship, but two
stand out: parent’s misuse of authority and
peer pressure on teens.

6. Starting with an opposite
idea
• In cause essay, you can start writing
about effects of the topic.
• In effect essay, you can start writing
about causes of the topic.
• If you want to focus on the positive
aspects of something, you can start
with negative aspects, or vice versa.

7. Starting with an opposite
idea
• Negative aspects of using credit cards
Credits cards are now used all over the world as
there are many advantages of using them in
modern life. Thanks to credit cards, people do not
have to carry cash around, nor do they have to
worry about unexpected emergency expenses. If
used responsibly, credit card can be of great help.
However, there are some traditional people who
believe you should not use credit cards. These
people refrain from using credit cards because of
two main reasons: dislike of technology and
irresponsible spending.

8. Past & Present
• Causes of divorce
In the past a great majority of people got
married at a fairly young age and never got
divorced in their entire life. However, the
number of people who are getting divorced
has increased dramatically in the last few
decades. There are many factors linked to
the rising divorce rate, but laws making
divorce easier and changing cultural values
are claimed to be main reasons.

9. Asking a question
• The consequences of alcoholism
How many times have you heard about the
consequences of alcoholism? Have you
taken them into account? Alcoholism is one
of the major problems in society. The
effects of this disease are really serious.
Although there are numerous effects of
alccoholism, two stand out: physical
effects and psychological effects

10. Cause Essay
• what makes
something
happen.

11. The format of Cause
Essay
• Introduction--Background and thesis
• First Body Paragraph--The first
reason why the thesis is true
• Second Body Paragraph--The second
reason why the thesis is true
• Conclusion--Recap of essay

12. Writing thesis statement
a number why
of there is two
numerou stress parent’s
There s reasons in the but stand misuse of
out: authority
are several parent- and peer
some child pressure
various relation on teens
a variety ship ,
of

13. Writing thesis statement
a number
of
two
numerous parent’s
There several
stressful but stan misuse of
reasons parent- d authority
are some for child
out: and peer
various relationshi pressure
p, on teens
a variety causes
of of

14. Writing thesis statement
stressful parent’s
basic reasons
parent-
for misuse of
The main child
are
relations authority
chief hip and peer
causes
major of pressure
on teens

15. Writing thesis statement
refrain because of
from
using on the dislike of
Traditional stay technolog
credit account of y and
away
people
from cards irresposib
due to le
keep spending
away
from owing to

16. Writing thesis statement
laws
the rising divorce rate
the main reasons/ ones/ causes.
m
linked to ,but maki
ng
factors are
There a divor
are associated claimed
n ,yet ce
causes with easi said
y
er thought
related to ,still and assumed
chan to
ging
be
cultu
ral
value
s

17. Writing thesis statement
laws
The rising is basically caused by making
divorce chiefly stems from divorce
easier
rate mainly arises from
and
results from
changing
cultural
values

18. Body Paragraphs
Body Paragraph 1
topic sentence: the first reason
details/examples(at least two)
Body Paragraph 2
topic sentence: the second reason
details/examples(at least two)

19. Body Paragraphs
• Thesis statement:
There are a number of reasons why there
is stress in the parent-child relationship,
but two stand out: parent’s misuse of
authority and peer pressure on teens.

20. Body Paragraphs
• Body paragarph 1:
One reason why there is stress in the
parent-child relationship is parents’ misuse
of authority.
Because of parents’ misuse of authority,
there is often stress in the parent-child
relationship.

21. Body Paragraphs
• Body paragraph 2
A second/ Another reason why stress in
parent-child relationship is high is peer
pressure on teens.
In addition, teens being strongly influenced
in negative ways by their peers will inevitably
lead to stress in parent-child realtionship.

22. Body Paragraphs
• Thesis statement: The reason why
animal spices are becoming extinct is
illegal hunting and enviromental
pollution.

23. Body Paragraphs
• Body 1:
As a result of illegal hunting, animal spices
are becoming extinct.
The extinction of animal spices mainly
results from/arises from/stems from/is
caused by illegal hunting.

24. Body Paragraphs
• Body paragraph 2
Enviromental pollution is another
reason why animal spices become
extinct/ for the extinction of animals.
The extinction of animal spices is also due to
enviromental pollution.

25. Body Paragraphs
• Thesis statement:
Enviromentalists all over the world
participate in protests because they
want to raise public awareness on
enviromental issues and force
governments to take action.

26. Body Paragraphs
• Body paragraph 1
Enviromentalists all over the world
participate in protests in order to raise
public awareness on enviromental issues.
• Body paragraph 2
Another reason why enviromentalists all over the
world participate in protests is that they want/aim
to force the government to take action.

27. Body Paragraphs
• Thesis statement:
Although stress between co-workers is
associated with various factors, the
two main causes of this stress are
competition and unrealistic demands.

28. Body Paragraphs
• Body paragraph 1:
Stress between co-workers basically raises
from competition.
• Body paragraph 2:
Owing to the fact that there are unrealistic
demands at work, there is stress between co
workers

29. Body Paragraphs
• If you want, you can add a
concluding sentence to the body
paragraphs, drawing a
conclusion from all the points you
mentioned.

30. Concluding Paragraph
1.Start with a sentence connector
2.Rewrite your thesis statement
3.Add a final comment

31. 1.Start with a sentence
connector
To sum up, In summary,
To conclude, In conclusion,
All in all, All things considered,
On the whole, Taking everything
On the balance, into consideration,

32. 2. Rewrite your thesis
statement
• The thesis statement: Although there are natural
causes, global warming mainly stems from the
excessive amount of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere and ineffective waste-disposal
sysytems.
• Restatement of t.s.: All in all, the excessive
amount of greenhouse gases and ineffective
systems to get rid of wastes are the two basic
reasons why our planet is warming up.

33. 3. Add a final comment
• A thought-proviking message to
humanity
The future lies in our hands, and thus it is
the responsibility of every citizen and
country to support efforts in enviromental
protection and leave a safe world to future
generation.

34. 3. Add a final comment
• A suggestion for taking actions
Unless effective enviromental protection
programs are launched by governments as
soon as possible, it will be late for the world
to reverse the effects of global warming.

35. 3. Add a final comment
• A warning
If effective means to reduce greenhouse
gas emissions cannot be found, the world will
witness catasrophic disasters.

36. 3. Add a final comment
• Expressing a concern
Many more animal and plant spices could
become extinct just because we care only
about our short-term profits, not the
enviroment.

37. Effect Essay
•what
happens.

38. The format of Effect
Essay
• Introduction--Background and thesis
• First Body Paragraph--The first
effect
• Second Body Paragraph--The second
effect
• Conclusion--Recap of essay

39. Writing Thesis
Statement
• Question: What are the effects of
human’s exploiting nature?

40. Writing Thesis
Statement
the
mainly leads to extinction
Exploting chiefly causes of animal
nature basically spieces
and the
loss of
forests.

41. Writing Thesis
Statement
exploiting nature
effects the
negative impacts extinction
Among of animal
the adverse influenc of
are species and
dramatic es the loss of
consequ forests.
ences

42. Writing Thesis
Statement
several the
exploiting nature
numero effects extinctio
us n of
Although a impacts
,two animal
there number influences of
of stand species
are consequen
a out: and the
couple
ces loss of
of forests.
various

43. Writing Thesis
Statement
many are
exploiting nature
numerous the said/
extinct seem to
Even a number effects
ion of
be the
though of impacts of animal
a couple influences species most
there common
of and
are consequencces
a variety the two/
loss of
of ones.
forests

44. Body Paragraphs
Body Paragraph 1
topic sentence: the first effect
details/examples(at least two)
Body Paragraph 2
topic sentence: the second effect
details/examples(at least two)

45. Body Paragraphs
• Thesis Statement: Among the
adverse effects of exploiting nature
are the extinction of animals species
and the loss of forests.

46. Body Paragraphs
• Body paragraph 1:
One of the
primary/basic/main/bad/adverse/negative
effects/consequences/influences/impacts of
exploiting nature is the extinction of animal
species./is thqt animal species become
extinct. OR

47. Body Paragraphs
Exploiting nature has a negative
effect/influence/impacts on
animal species.
OR

48. Body Paragraphs
• The main/basic/chief effect of exploiting
nature is believed to/ is claimed to/ is said
to be the extinction of animal species.
»OR

49. Body Paragraphs
causes the
extinction
mainly leads to of animal
Exploiting
nature
basically results in species.
primarily brings
about the fact
that animal
gives rise species
to disappear.

50. Body Paragraphs
negatively/
affects animal adversely
Exploiting influences species
in an adverse/
nature impacts a negative way
considerably
dramatically

51. Body Paragraphs
causes
Exploiting
nature
animals to become
leads species extinct.
to

52. Body Paragraphs
• Body paragraph 2:
exploiting nature
effect the loss
primary consequence of
Another is forests
main influence of
basic impact

53. Body Paragraphs
is
exploiting nature
the loss of forests.
effect is said
consequence
The second influence of to be
impact
is
assumed
to be

54. Body Paragraphs
affects negatively
Exploting
nature
also influences forests adversely
impacts dramatically
considerably