1. Submitted By:
Niharica Ogale (PRN No 15020243019)
&
Sagar Raina Mujoo (PRN No 15020243022)
MBA Energy & Environment and Batch 2015-17
Symbiosis Institute of International Business
Under the guidance of
Corporate Mentor: Mr Vikrant Kulkarni, Environmental Scientist
Faculty Mentor: Mr Dipen Paul
ULTRA-TECH ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANCY &
LABORATORY
Environmental Impact Assessment

2. 1
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We wish to express our sincere gratitude towards Ultra-tech Consultancy for giving us, SIIB students
this opportunity to explore our practical knowledge in the area of Environment Impact Assessment. We
wish to express our sincere thanks to Mrs. Sampada Shadid for selecting us to join the team and work
effortlessly for two months.
We would also like to thank Mr. Vikrant Kulkurni for the guidance and support as our mentor. We also
wish to thank other office colleagues who helped us these two months for bringing the best outcome of
our project.
We would also like to express our gratitude towards SIIB for giving us the opportunity to work for
Ultra-tech Consultancy & Laboratory and placement committee for bringing us closer to the
opportunity.
Lastly we would also like to express our sincere thanks to the fellow interns working with us, for
making the work hours lively.

3. 2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) is known to be the very first step while the project is still on
papers. EIA along with Consent to establish and consent to operate are a regulatory requirement to
execute certain projects and activities listed in EIA notification 2006. However, EIA studies has been
the area of interest for various stakeholders to understand the effect of project and activities on
environment. Most of the financial institutions in India demand EIA before financing a project so as to
follow equator principle which thereby asses the risks involved in the investment and directly affect
decision making. Globally, institutions such as The World Bank, International Monitory Fund follow the
same principles.
The main objective of this report is to study an elaborate EIA report preparation and the various aspects
of the report to be kept in mind while preparation. We studied reports of many projects pertaining to
many industries such as Sugar Industry (expansion of Sugar, Distilleries and power plants),
Infrastructure Development (Highway project), Coastal Regulatory Zone (Construction of jetties), and
Chemical Industry (Pharmaceuticals and Dye manufacturing). Hence we supported the project
coordinators with involvement in activities and preparation/compilation of reports.
The Environmental Clearance process was studied from the perspective of a consultant, we can be
assured that the performance of a consultant depends on how quickly the screening and appraisal is
completed. The objective of the study was not only to focus on the technical aspects of the EIA
consultancy but also the business aspects as well. NABET is a National accreditation which is given as
an approval to consultancies to operate under the various sectors they apply for. NABET approves EIA
consultants based on the resources and competencies to consult proponents from various industries and
categories.
The main focus of this report was to create an informative data on the various learning’s interns had
during the time of two months. The basics of systems and procedures were developed by reading,
understanding and discussing various notifications that influence a project or activity. Creating and
understanding about various impacts and the mitigation measures was the next step that created a sector
wise conceptual learning. The approach to prepare EIA report is to look at the project from various
aspects and create a case that satisfies all the stakeholders involved. Report preparation involved
building concepts on waste management, water balance, risk assessment, public hearing etc. We
supported the team with traffic survey to be done for a client in Phase3, Hinjawadi. To gain clear
understanding on baseline monitoring instruments, a visit to Ultra-tech Laboratory was arranged that
helped interns to learn about the testing procedures and instrumentation involved.
Baseline study is a study carried out as an initial process which is generally mentioned in chapter 3 of
EIA report. This baseline study is conducted for Air, Noise, Water, Ecology and Land environment. Air
is measured at specified positions according to CPCB norms depending on the area and the wind
direction. Wind rose is used to know the correct wind direction of the area under study. Noise
monitoring is generally carried out using a handy instrument with ranges of decibel levels. Generally the

4. 3
locations for noise monitoring are same as air monitoring for simplicity purpose. Water quality is tested
at locations that are upstream and downstream the point of effluent discharge.
The baseline data is superimposed by the effect of proposed project or activity on various environmental
aspects to predict impacts. This is done soft wares available in the market based on the principle of
mathematical modeling. These impacts are classified and requisite mitigation measures for each
environmental aspect is mapped in this process. This is generally covered as Chapter 4 in EIA report
preparation.
The last study contained the additional studies Chapter which forms as chapter 7 of EIA report which is
conducted for each project and this varies from one kind of project to another. Public Hearing
constitutes the main part of this chapter which deals with the human welfare and the problems faced by
local people and the management required to make the project more successful socially. Risk assessment
is the study which is conducted and measured by an expert team specialized in Risk assessment
management. Disaster management also forms a part of this study which gives a sense on the
requirement of emergency control situations in any project for the protection.
The industry received news that MoEF will be excluding construction projects of certain built up area
from the list of projects that require Environmental Clearance. Ultra-tech could foresee 60% of their
business coming from this segment whereas 80% coming from the sector. As MBA students, interns saw
it as an opportunity to present the company a solution. We suggested different solution to maintain the
top line of the company.
These recommendations were appreciated by our mentor and were given a deeper thought to be brought
into practice in coming times.
These suggestions were related to their scope of study and were appropriate to be implemented in lesser
financial requirements.
This concluded the internship with working on different projects and making reports for it. Days
began with in depth knowledge on EIA and ended with a laughter dose every day. We worked
every way to be a great team player and a help the company in any way possible.

5. 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT..................................................................................................................1
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION:..........................................................................................................................6
INTRODUCTION ABOUT COMPANY:........................................................................................9
OBJECTIVES: ............................................................................................................................. 11
METHODOLOGY:...................................................................................................................... 11
ACTIVITIES:............................................................................................................................... 11
KEY FINDINGS:.......................................................................................................................... 12
EIA PRODECURE:.................................................................................................................... 13
NOTIFICATION STUDIED ....................................................................................................... 15
REPORT PREPARATION: ........................................................................................................ 17
AIR ........................................................................................................................................ 19
NOISE.................................................................................................................................... 21
WATER ................................................................................................................................. 22
WASTE GENERATION......................................................................................................... 24
ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY......................................................................................... 25
SOCIO-ECONOMIC .............................................................................................................. 27
Alternative Studies.................................................................................................................. 29
FIELD ACTIVITIES: ................................................................................................................. 31
Visit to Laboratory: ................................................................................................................. 31
Traffic Survey:........................................................................................................................ 36
Recommendations: ....................................................................................................................... 38
CONCLUSION:............................................................................................................................ 40
Annexures:.................................................................................................................................... 42
Annexure 1: Presentation on Amended EIA notification 2015 ....................................................... 42

6. 5
Annexure 2: Presentation on CRZ Notification 2011..................................................................... 44
Annexure 3: Presentation on Sustainability Consultancy Market.................................................... 46
Annexure 4: Presentation on Fly Ash Notification 2009................................................................ 48
REFERENCES:............................................................................................................................ 49
List of Figures:
1. Business Verticals of Ultra-tech Consultancy & Laboratory
2. Various steps used by interns to assist in EIA report preparation
3. Different stages to be followed to get Environmental Clearances
4. Various Notification that influence proposed project or activity
5. Summary of Impacts and Mitigation
6. Impacts on air during construction and operation
7. Mitigation measures for air during construction and operation
8. Impacts on water during construction and operation
9. Mitigation measures for water during construction and operation
10. Photographs of interns while studying water instruments
11. Photographs of interns while studying Air instruments
12. Photographs of interns while studying Noise instruments
13. Photographs of interns conducting traffic survey
14. Industry wise revenue spilt for Ultra-Tech
15. Recommendations by interns to Ultra-tech to maintain Top line
List of Tables:
1) Emission Control Equipment
2) Anticipated impacts and mitigation measures proposed

7. 6
ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
FOCUS: CONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRY & SUGAR FACTORY
INTRODUCTION:
To protect environment from the adverse effects of ambitious growth of
industry & infrastructure in India, a central act that lays the foundation
of consciousness towards environment was introduced under “The
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) is governed by Ministry of
Environment & Forest Climate Change (MoEF CC) in India. The key
guiding notification presently followed in India is amended EIA 2006
notification publishes by MoEF CC. Any proposed project or activity is
categorized by the scale of operation which may be directly associated
with the extent of pollution caused by it. Accordingly, the project is
either appraised at State level EIA authority or at MoEF CC. There are
39 industries categorized under eight schedules of amended EIA 2006
notification.
EIA is an important tool to assess impacts of a project or activity on
environmental aspects. EIA studies are not only done to get various
environmental clearance but also are pre requisite to apply for loan from
international institutions like The World Bank, Asian Development
Bank for short term and long term financial needs of the project.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important management
tool for ensuring optimal use of natural resources for sustainable
development. This direction was made in our country with the impact
assessment of river valley projects in 1978-79 and the scope has
subsequently been developmental sectors such as industries, thermal
power projects, mining schemes etc. To facilitate collection of
EIA
CONSULTANCY
INDUSTRY
In 2014-15, EIA consultancy
business generated cumulative
revenue of ₹ 200 Cr. Total
Industry size is expected to
rise with growth and
development of industry and
infrastructure.
Project Proponents pay 6
Lakhs to 80 Lakhs for EIA’s to
be done by Accredited
Consultants.
Top EIA consultants in India are
ERM, SGS, AECOM and L&T
infra (In house for L&T
projects), every state has 2-3
small time players.
Profit Margin in EIA
Consultancy
Business is as high
as 50%.

8. 7
environmental data and plans, guidelines have been evolved and circulated to the concerned Central and
State Government Departments.
The process of EIA involves creating baseline data of the environment before project begins and
superimpose the impacts on environment to predict the environment status post project execution. EIA
studies make use of various modeling techniques to predict the environmental setting after the project is
executed. The purpose to do this exercise is to categorize and identify significant positive and negative
impacts and chalk out a mitigation strategy that reduces the effects of proposed project or activity.
The demands of developing India are to grow at high pace including the growth in industries that
generates employment for skilled and unskilled labors. Sugar Industry in India is well developed with a
consumer base of more than billions of people. It is also the second largest producer of sugar in the
World. The average sugar per capita consumption in India is roughly 18 Kg which is slightly above the
average per capita consumption of Asia. The strong domestic demand of the product gives the sugar
producers the fair proposition to run the business and make India world’s second biggest sugar producer.
Since, 2008, number of factories have grown by 10% to a number of 538 in 2013. Presently, Molasses
production is more than 12 Million tons in India. Most of the time sugar producing unit has an in-house
cogeneration facility with distillery where source of emission and hazardous waste generation makes it
sensitive towards environment. Some industries have also gone a step further and practice initiatives like
energy efficiency and waste heat recovery which adds to their bottom line.
India’s construction sector is forecast to grow at 7-8 per cent each year over the next decade. With the
new government, the country is expected to see increased economic growth and the removal of barriers
to foreign investment that will "spur demand for construction" over the coming 12 to 18 months,
according to a report by international consultancy giant PwC.
The report highlights how an estimated $1 trillion would be spent on infrastructure over the next three
years to 2017. Stating that there would be increased investment in industrial projects by the government,
the report has noted that it is the private housing sector that would be a key growth area.
The total construction market in India for fiscal year ending March 2014 was $157 billion, an increase of
$4 billion over FY2013. Infrastructure accounts for 49 per cent, housing and real estate for 42 per cent
and industrial projects for 9 percent, the report noted.
India needs ₹ 31 trillion (US$ 454.83 billion) to be spent on infrastructure development over the next
five years, with 70 per cent of funds needed for power, roads and urban infrastructure segments.
The Indian power sector itself has an investment potential of US$ 250 billion in the next 4-5 years,
providing immense opportunities in power generation, distribution, transmission and equipment,
according to Mr Piyush Goyal, Union minister of coal, power and renewable energy.
Various government initiatives have supported the development of the industry over a period of time.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has notified 100 per cent foreign direct investment (FDI) under
automatic route in the construction development sector. The new limit came into effect in December
2014. “Make in India” initiative of incumbent government has taken construction industry under its

9. 8
wings and fully supports the sector. The Government of India has relaxed rules for FDI in the
construction sector by reducing minimum built-up area as well as capital requirement. It has also
liberalized the exit norms. In fact, the Cabinet has also approved the proposal to amend the FDI policy.
Technology has played a vital role in environmental impact mitigation; development of cleaner
technologies has created a sense of economic benefits along with environmental performance.
Technologies like Electrostatic precipitator and Multi effect evaporation generates waste that can be
either composted and sold or sold directly. This creates revenue that may justify the investments used to
procure such technologies. However, procurement of this equipment is still perceived as a regulatory
binding.

10. 9
INTRODUCTION ABOUT COMPANY:
Ultra-tech environmental consultancy & Laboratory are NABET accredited, MoEF gazetted EIA
consultants. The organization has a NABL approved Laboratory in Thane has facilities like general
laboratory, Microbiology Laboratory, Soil testing Laboratory and Air Quality Testing Laboratory. The
company has large client base from various sectors ranging from construction companies to industries.
The organization provides three services to their clients.
The environmental services have taken a new urgency since the beginning of this decade. There has
been a widespread recognition of the seriousness of the environmental problems at various levels and
one consequence of this is the greater importance being attached to environmental impact assessment,
the process of identifying the environmental consequences of human activities, even before begin. The
idea of carrying out environment impact assessment is becoming increasingly more familiar to people all
around the world, especially in developing countries.
Ultra-tech perceives the complexity of conducting EIA and takes care of all minute issues while
producing good quality EIA’s and provide services for obtaining environmental clearances for projects
coming under various sectors like construction township, high rise building, industries, forest, irrigation,
infrastructure, CRZ, SEZ etc..
The company has an office in Thane as head office accommodating about 60 persons with latest
infrastructure required for modern office. Ultra-Tech has established its branch offices at Cochin, Pune,
Bangalore and Kolkata in India and Singapore in SEA region.
The company has strength of over 170 personnel with 60% being technocrats’ expert in environmental
and Management; 30% O&M staff and 10% admin and accounts staff.

11. 10
The company has three strategic business areas that utilize the various internal and external resources
with the company. The organizations core business is to carry out Environment Impact Assessment and
assist project proponent in the process of environmental clearances. The services offered by the
company may be broadly classified as Environmental Services, Testing & Laboratory and Turnkey
projects.
Environmental services include Environmental Impact Assessment of projects and activities, where
company assists a project proponent with all activities required for environmental clearance of the
project. With capabilities of various environmental experts in-house, the organizations scans a particular
site for and asses its fitness to use for various purposes which comes under due diligence business for
the company. India’s aggressive stand at Paris in COP21 with ambitious goals of reducing greenhouse
gas emissions has shaped into a business opportunity for Ultra tech. Hence, company’s experts help
institutions/organizations in calculating their carbon footprint and thereby highlighting the avenues and
strategies in reducing the same.
NABL approved testing and Laboratory supports activities related to baseline environmental modeling.
Thane based laboratory processes special requests for testing and post project monitoring increasing the
platform for business for customer interactions and further business relations.
Company believes in acting as a solution provider for the industry with bringing skills, expertise and
products that helps in mitigating impacts on environment. The key solutions involve providing correct
design and technology for air and water treatment such as ESP, STP, ETP’s and alike
Ultratech
Environmental
Consultancy
and Labs
Environmental survices
•EIA
•Carbon Footprinting
• Due deligence
Testing & Laboratory
•Post project
monitoring
•special request for
testing
Turnkey Projects
• Design &
Construction of STP
and ETP.
Figure 1. Business Verticals of Ultra-tech Consultancy & Laboratory

12. 11
OBJECTIVES:
 To study impacts and mitigation measures of sugar industry projects.
 To support project coordinator to prepare a draft report for public hearing for sugar industry and
a Pre-Feasibility Report for construction.
 To support allied activities.
 To support baseline monitoring.
METHODOLOGY:
 Study of EIA requires an exhaustive study into the various notifications which play a crucial role
in environmental clearance for any project.
 Interview with Industry Experts
 Field study and surveys
 Review of historical reports and process of similar projects done by company.
 Site visit/ interview with client/ Study of detailed project report (DPR)
 Study of recent developments in report preparation guideline by ministry of environment and
forests.
ACTIVITIES:
 Preparation of presentations for the notifications studied in the day. Explain what is understood
and discuss the gaps in understanding with mentor.
 Activities related to Preparation of EIA for Dnyaneshwar SSK:
 Study of Mula Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana EIA report to gain understanding of Sugar factory
sector specific impacts and measures.
 Preparation of screening of project report as per EIA notification 2006, using Google earth.
 Preparation of Terms of reference as per standard ToR published by MoEF in April 2015.
 Study of various compliances required for different environmental aspects and identifying the
parameters that are above acceptable limits.
 Find geology details from district gazette and include in the report.
 Study Fly Ash Notification 2009 and understand how it affects the project in discussion
 Review with project coordinator on project developments.
 Activities related to Preparation of EIA for Bramha Corp’s floating resort.
 Study of I-Gate technologies EIA to gain understanding of Construction/expansion factory
sector specific impacts and measures
 Preparation of screening of project report as per EIA notification 2006, using Google earth.

13. 12
 Preparation of Terms of reference as per standard ToR published by MoEF in April 2015.
 Study of various compliances required for different environmental aspects and identifying the
parameters that are above acceptable limits.
 Find geology details from district gazette and include in the report.
 Study Coastal Regulatory Zone 2011 and understand how it affects the project in discussion.
 Study environmentally sensitive areas notification 2014 By MoEF.
 Review with project coordinator on project developments.
 Traffic survey at Hinjawadi Phase 2 circle to analyze traffic coming in and going out of the
project site.
 Prepare Water balance for Bramha project.
 Prepare Scope of work for quotation of Solairdirect Energy Privae Limited
 Visit Laboratory to understand testing of Air, Water and Sound.
KEY FINDINGS:
Project was divided into three parts. First part was to understand and study the notifications that
influence EIA study of the project. This involved in acquiring the basic knowledge of constrains and
guideline to be followed while preparation of the report.
The second step was the study of sector wise impacts and mitigation measures. This step helped us
create a clear understanding of the processes involved in the project. The third part was to support field
team with taking lead in field surveys and visits. We conducted site visits and a traffic survey to support
project team to develop information for EIA.
EIA report preparation
Study of various
notifications that
influence EIA
Report
Preparation
Support Field
team with
Activities
Figure 2: Various steps used by interns to assist in EIA report preparation

14. 13
EIA PRODECURE:
When a certain project needs an EC then EIA is to be conducted for this project. The project proponent
can directly apply on MOEF site or can hire a consultant for this process. Any consultancy is chosen by
the efficiency & speed it shows in Screening and Appraisal process for the project.
For screening process a form 1 is to be filled by the consultant or proponent and construction projects
require form 1A to be filled. Category of the project is configured and the response is given in 15 days.
If this project falls under category A then EIA is conducted for which a Standard TOR is filled. Recently
government has standardized this TOR from April 2015 for 39 sectors to simplify and streamline the
process. A presentation in MOEF follows this TOR writing.
Later on a baseline monitoring of samples of ground water, surface water, soil, noise and social impacts,
geology, biodiversity of this project site is conducted by a team of experts. This is conducted in an area
of 10Km radius. These monitoring results can last for 3 months minimum and maximum for 3years and
can be extended to 1 year; exceptional projects like mining, irrigation are given a provision of 5 years.
This report is then submitted to SPCB for reviewing which takes around 30 days to be passed. In this
time period SPCB informs the district collectors for public hearing process. The date of public hearing is
announced within 30 days If here 70% of committee has an answer negating the project then the
committee thinks seriously to approve this project. These results are attached in annexure along with
results of public hearing including all the queries and solutions to these queries. This is then submitted to
MOEF/SEIAA.
Chronologically consultant gets call to attend meeting for appraisal from MOEF. On success of this
appraisal EC is obtained by the project.

15. 14
Screening Form
1/1A
TOR Presentation
Monitoring
Environmental
Parameters
Submission to
SPCB
After 30 days Date
announcement for
Public Hearing
Submit draft to
Moef/SEIAA
Meeting,Appraisal
Figure 3. Different stages to be followed to get Environmental Clearances

16. 15
NOTIFICATION STUDIED
The List of notifications covered under environmental impact assessment are:
Some highlights of these notifications are given below:
EP ACT 1986: EP act 1986 is the pioneer act that led the foundation of environmental protection in
India. This act led to the formation of regulatory and policy framework required for origination of
execution of various acts.
EIA notification Amended (2015): This notification states the various prohibitions and restrictions put
upon the projects to be implemented which can cause harm to environmental aspects. Whole process
structure of clearance is provided in this notification.
CRZ notification 2011: This notification is issued inviting objections and suggestions of declarations
of coastal stretches as coastal regulation zone and imposing restrictions on industries, operations and
processes in CRZ notification. This notification is issued to ensure livelihood security to the fishermen
ENVIRONEMNTIMPACT
ASSESSMENT
EIA NOTIFICATION
2006
EIA NOTIFICATION
AMMENDED
CRZ NOTIFICATION
2011
HAZARDOUS WASTE
RULES 2015
EP ACT 1986
ESA NOTIFICTION
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
STANDARDS
CEPI CRITICALLY
POLLUTED AREAS
FLYASH NOTIFICATION
2009
Figure 4. Various Notification that influence proposed project or activity

17. 16
community and other local communities in the coastal areas, to conserve and protect coastal stretches,
its unique environment and its marine area and to promote development through sustainable manner
based on scientific principles.
Hazardous Waste Material Rules 2015: In this notification rules are stated imposing restrictions and
prescribed for management, handling, disposal, and trans-boundary movement of hazardous wastes.
Here a list of industries producing certain types of wastes are mentioned and which products cannot be
considered under hazardous waste are also mentioned
ESA Notification: This notification mentions the various ecologically sensitive areas in India and in
detail the information regarding these areas is provided under various acts. These ecologically sensitive
areas are formed due to flora fauna sensitive area due to some industry factory or other precious
minerals.
Ambient Air Quality Standards: In this notification the various pollutants along with the time period
for which they have to be measured in any ecologically sensitive area and industrial or residential area is
mentioned. Method for measuring these quantities is also given in this notification.
CEPI Critically Polluted Areas: A Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI), which is a
rational number to characterize the environmental quality at a given location following the algorithm of
source, pathway and receptor have been developed. The index captures the various health dimensions of
environment including air, water and land. This is being implemented in 88 selected industrial clusters.
Flyash Notification 2009: In this notification the directions for use of flyash are provided as restricting
the excavation of top soil for manufacture of bricks and promoting the utilisation of fly ash in the
manufacture of building materials and in construction activity within a specified radius of one hundred
kilometers from coal or lignite based thermal power plants
“Fly ash” means and includes all categories or groups of coal or lignite ash generated at the thermal
power plant such as Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) ash, dry fly ash, bottom ash, pond ash and mound
ash. ESP ash and dry fly ash are the components of fly ash collected by ESPs or bag filters or other
similar suitable equipment and bottom ash is the ash collected separately at the bottom of the boiler.

18. 17
REPORT PREPARATION:
The three basic areas which we explored during our study of report preparation are
 Site selection for baseline monitoring
 Impacts and Mitigation study
 Alternative study
Site Selection for baseline monitoring
Baseline monitoring is a technique which takes the initial readings of a place with respect to various
parameters like Air, Land, Water, Drainage, Ecology, and Biodiversity. There is a specific way in which
site selection happens for air, water and noise quality monitoring.
Air quality monitoring:
A consultant before going to the field for generating the baseline data for ambient air quality monitoring,
first does some homework. This includes the study of wind in the area. Hence, a wind rose is plotted to
understand the direction of wind in the area. Subsequently the AAQ monitoring stations are decided. To
elaborate on the above procedure, let’s take an example to comprehend the selection of monitoring site.
Water Quality Monitoring:
Water forms the second important study area in the baseline monitoring where in the water quality is
tested by collecting samples from upstream and downstream of a site under test. Upstream is the water
which is before the point of water mixing from the site and downstream is the water which is a point
after the mixing of water from the site.
Noise Monitoring
Noise monitoring stations are located on the similar points where air quality is monitored. This is taken
to optimize cost and save time. A handy instrument named SL or LUK is used which has a power switch
and a switch which has dB ranges which has to be selected before monitoring.
Impacts and Mitigation study follows the baseline monitoring which is undertaken for 3 months, this
section focuses on the different impacts that are probable on environmental aspects and the measures
which can be conducted to counter the effects of impacts on these environmental aspects.
Other important study of EIA report preparation is additional or alternative studies those are conducted
as a crucial part of environmental clearance. These studies are broadly around the risk assessment and
public consultation along with the emergency preparation plan and if the industry deals with some
explosives with can have significant impact then the studies related to those chemicals comes under this
section of studies.

19. 18
IMPACTS
MITIGATIONS
AIR
• FABRICATION
WORK
• HANDLING
• FURNACE
• EMISSIONS
WATER
• SITE PREPARATION
• DUST
SUPPRESSION
• WATER USAGE
• PROCESSES
NOISE
• TRANSPORTATION
• CONSTRUCTION
• DG SETS
• AIR CONDITIONING
SOCIO-
ECONOMIC
• INFLUX OF
POPULATION
• DUST
• TRADITIONAL WAY
AFFECTED
• TRAFFIC INCREASE
BIO-
DIVERSITY
• CLEARANCE OF
LAND
• LEVELLING OF
LAND
• DUST POLLUTION
AIR
• CUTTAINS
• WATER
SPRINKLERS
• SWIVEL SUCTION
HEAD
• NOSE FILTERS
WATER
• CONSTRUCTION
CURING
• CHANELLIZATION
• STP
• ETP
NOISE
• BARRICADES
• EAR PLUG
NO NIGHT SHIFT
• DG SET
ENCLOSURE
• SHEET COVER TO
MACHINES
SOCIO-
ECONOMIC
• PROPER
COMMUNICATION
• TRAINING AND
AWARENESS
BIO-
DIVERSITY
• GREEN BELT AREA
• FINE SPRAY
SPRINKLERS
Figure 5. Summary of Impacts and Mitigation

20. 19
AIR
The main objective of this chapter is to suggest mitigation measures to avoid anticipated negative
Impacts of the proposed activity during the construction and operation phase.
The mitigation measures are anticipated by identifying pollution sources characteristics, quantification
and prediction during construction and operation phase
The project would create impact on the environment in two distinct phases.
During the construction Phase which may be regarded as temporary or short term.
During the Operation phase.
During construction, air pollution is very less because the industry is already established and running.
Most of the construction is fabrication work.
EMISSIONS
FURNACE
HANDLING
Fabrication
Work
IMPACT
S
OPERATION
CONSTRUCTION
Figure 6. Impacts on air during construction and operation

21. 20
Impact during Operation Phase
Generation of emission due to raw material/scrap charging to the furnace. The emissions mainly consist
of suspended matter (dust, rust, etc) and fumes. The dust is due to the composition and handling of raw
material and fumes are from furnace level as well as from ladle and roof level.
Mitigation measures (Construction &Operation phase)
Proper care will be taken like water sprinkling, curtains, protective equipment like nose filters for
construction workers to avoid air pollution effects on people and environment.
The emissions from the furnaces shall be absorbed by a swiveable suction hood, attached to the side of
the Furnace. The base of the swivel is maintained on a contraption, which will connect the hood with
downstream suction line connected to wet scrubber followed by cyclone.
SWIVEL
SUCTION
HEAD
CURTAINS
WATER
SPRINKLERS
NOISE
FILTERS
OPERATION
CONSTRUCTION
MITIGATION
Figure 7. Mitigation measures for air during construction and operation

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Table No 1: Emission Control Equipment
# Source Pollutant In-plant Measures Control Equipment
1 Cane Yard SPM road
dust, Juice
HC
Levelled Roads &
land, rubber tire, slow
speed. Less waiting
--
2 Existing
Boiler
SPM, CO Feed Bagasse drier. Dampers, ID Fan,
CO2 meter, Fly-ash
arrestor (wet
scrubber), Light ash
through very tall
stack.
3 Proposed
Boiler
SPM, CO Feed Bagasse more
dry, improved quality
of water
Dampers, ID Fan,
CO2 meter, Fly-ash
arrestor ESP, Light
ash through very tall
stack.
4 Bagasse
handling
SPM Storing in form of
compact Bales
Trees around.
5 Effluents H2O, CO2 -- Fully Aerobic regime.
The combined removal efficiency of air pollution control system is ~99%. The exhaust gases from stack
shall meet MPCB norms of 150 mg/m3.
NOISE
Anticipated Impacts during Construction Phase:
Noise due to construction activities & transportation activities
Nuisance to nearby areas due to noise polluting work at night
Noise generated due to DG sets
Mitigation measures suggested:
Provision of barricades along the periphery of the site
Provision of ear plugs for labor

23. 22
No noise polluting work in night shifts
Acoustic enclosure for DG sets
Anticipated Impact during Operation Phase:
From machine, vehicular traffic, air conditioning systems and by use of any other machinery.
Noise generated due to DG sets
Mitigation measures suggested:
All the major mechanical units will be covered with sheet from all sides to stop sound waves traveling
outside the plant area.
The D.G. Sets will be only used in case of emergency. Proper acoustic enclosures will be provided for
avoiding any noise problem.
The expected noise level from proposed project would be much less than the statutory requirement, i.e.
less than 75 dB (A) during day time and 70 dB (A) during night time. Further inside this big land, the
factory is placed in center and away from boundary. Trees also will help as barrier.
WATER
Anticipated Impacts during Construction Phase:
WATER
LOGGING
PROCESSES
SITE
PREPARATION
CONSTRUCTION
OPERATION
IMPACT
SS
Figure 7. Impacts on water during construction and operation

24. 23
Increased water demand during construction phase for site preparation, water spraying for dust
suppression, for construction activities, curing, domestic and other water requirements for labor and staff
onsite
Water logging creates unsanitary conditions and mosquito breeding at site
Mitigation measures suggested:
Wastage of water used for construction curing shall be avoided.
Proper management of channelization of water to avoid water logging at site
No contaminated water will leave the site without treatment. Prefabricated STP shall be provided for
labor camp with disinfection as a last step.
For the rain water there will be a pretreatment of sedi- flotation before leaving the property. This will
avoid escaping oil & grease as well as solid load.
Impact during Operation Phase:
Water is used at various stations like heating, cooling, process, floor washing, vessel washing and
laboratory.
Modification does not require additional construction and machinery in use will be modified and
installed in same space for the proposed project. This will save water needed for cleaning process.
Additionally economy of scale will be achieved by increasing the capacity and water requirement will
not increase in the same proportion as the capacity of Sugar and Co-gen.
Usage of water for Co-gen and Sugar Mill for existing and proposed expansion is summarized below.
The proposed table shows the additional water requirement for the mentioned process/activities.
ETP
STP
CONSTRUCTION
CURING
CHANNELIZING
CONSTRUCTION
OPERATION
MITIGATION
Figure 8. Mitigation measures for water during construction and operation

25. 24
Mitigation measures suggested:
TI will use Effluent treatment Plant to neutralize the Low COD & Low TDS and High COD and Low
TDS effluents generated from Co-gen and Sugar mill. Details of the process are as follows
WASTE GENERATION
Non Hazardous Solid Waste:
Anticipated Impact
The solid waste generated at the project would be from labour camp and staff.
Generation of ash from boiler.
Ash handling water will be collected. It will be further subjected to Settling tank, with alum and lime
dosing and again recycled for ash handling. Ash handling = Submerged belt conveyer (250 mm) takes
out ash from boiler bed, screw conveyer feeds this ash from APH & economizer to cross belt conveyer,
screw conveyer also feeds ash from ESP hoppers to cross belt conveyer and cross belt conveyer
conveys ash to ash silos 50 cum capacity. Ash expected is 5400 MT/A. will be mixed with press mud
and then to farmers.
Mitigation / response measure
Waste minimization recovery and reuse should be encouraged
Segregation at source for all solid waste streams
Recycling of non-biodegradable garbage and only non-recyclable portion shall be handed over to local
authority to reduce the load on dumping grounds.
Bagasse handling will be done using conveyer belts up to silos and then to drum feeders.
Ash Handling Process
Bagasse contains very little ash of about 1.5%of its weight. Never the less a good system of handling of
ash from the boiler ash outlets to the disposal points is required in order to eliminate the pollution hazard
to the plant with the ash.
The ash from travelling grate furnace will be discharged to submerged belt ash conveyer which will
convey and discharge the wet ash into tractor trolley which will transport the wet ash to the disposal
place
Fly ash coming from the hopper of air heater and ESP will be discharged into the screw conveyors
placed below the respective hoper. These screw conveyors will convey the ash to a common screw
conveyor which will discharge the ash into another inclined screw conveyor. The tractor trolley placed
below this conveyor will collect the ash and transport it to the disposal place.
Fly ash and bottom ash will be transported to a safe place with least chances of fugitive emission
(sprinkling of water). High potash content of bagasse based ash makes it suitable as a manure for

26. 25
cultivation. Ash will be utilized by either to farmers or in landfills depending on the requirement and
availability.
Hazardous Solid Waste:
Anticipated Impact:
Hazardous waste like empty containers, lube oil etc. will be re-used or sent to authorized re-processor.
Generation of ETP sludge.
Mitigation / response measure
Empty containers, lube oil etc. will be re-used or sent to authorized re-processor.
Sludge will send to composting and used as manure in garden and remaining send nearby farmers for
agriculture.
ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY
Anticipated impact during Construction Phase:
Generally the initial construction works at the project site involves land clearance and leveling.
However, the activities will result in loss of certain vegetation in the form of shrubs and herbs. This may
lead to loosening of topsoil.
During construction there is every possibility of dust pollution, which is likely to affect plant physiology
in the form of closing of stomata, etc. in areas surrounding the site.
Dusts may lead to partial clogging of respiratory tracts in insects and other fauna in nearby areas.
Mitigation Measures:
The site is almost barren land. There is a need to have plantation and development of lawns.
Sprinkling of water using fine spray nozzles at regular interval to suppress the dust.
Since this is a residential project, away from forest area, there will not be cutting of trees; thereby no
impact on ecology is anticipated.

27. 26
Mitigation measures suggested:
Table No 2: Anticipated impacts and mitigation measures proposed
Environmental Topic and Impact Level of
Significance
before
Mitigation
Mitigation Measures Level of
Significance
after Mitigation
Impact BIO‐1
The project could have an adverse
effect, either directly or indirectly,
on any species, sensitive or special
status species in local or regional
plans.
Not so
significant
The proponent has a plan of
extensive green belt program.
The area, varieties of plants,
density etc. have been
mentioned in the report. Layout
plan of the project site showing
tree plantation is given chap 2
Less than
significant
(Due to
plantation,
biodiversity is
expected to be
enhanced)
Impact BIO‐2
The proposed project, in
combination with other planned and
foreseeable future projects, would
result in a cumulatively generation
of noise causing significant impact
on animals.
The major sources of noise during
the construction phase are vehicles
and construction. The operation of
the equipment can generate noise
above the levels 45dB (A) (Night)
and 55dB (A) (Day) near the
source.
Significant
Provision of caps on the
construction equipment and
their regular maintenance to
keep the noise level within
limit. Wherever possible,
equipment should be provided
with silencers and mufflers.
High noise producing
construction activities should
be restricted to daytime only.
Mitigations measures are listed
in chapter 5.0 under Noise
modeling studies.
Insignificant
Impact BIO‐3
Excessive light attracts and
disorients photophilic animals,
those that follow light. Disrupted
navigation in moths can easily be
observed around bright lamps on
summer nights. Insects gather
Significant
Unless essential, excessive light
during night hours should be
strictly avoided.
Insignificant

28. 27
around these lamps at high densities
instead of navigating naturally.
Some animals, notably insects, such
as the honey bee, are sensitive to
the polarization of light.
Impact BIO‐4
The project could conflict with any
applicable policies protecting
biological resources, including any
tree preservation policy or
ordinance.
Less than
significant.
Any such
biological
resources are
not
encountered.
No project‐level mitigation
measure required.
Insignificant
Impact BIO‐5
The proposed project, in
combination with other planned and
foreseeable future projects, would
result in a cumulatively
considerable significant impact
related to biological resources.
No such
planned
activities are
recorded.
Less than
significant
No project‐level mitigation
measure required.
Insignificant
Impact BIO‐6
The project activities could have
effects on water bodies around
project site due to discharge of
liquid wastes.
Significant No surface water bodies were
observed within the project site
boundary and within 500 m
radius from project site. Excess
treated sewage after reuse for
secondary requirements shall
be disposed to municipal sewer
line only.
Insignificant
SOCIO-ECONOMIC
The setting up of any kind project would undoubtedly include significant impact on socio-economic and
cultural life of the people in the project area. Here, an attempt is made to visualize and discuss such
tentative impacts likely to be induced by the project with the residents. The likely impacts due to project
activity are described below:

29. 28
Positive Impacts
The proposed project does not involve any displacement of inhabitants and so issues like resettlement
and rehabilitation does not figure.
There was a growth in indirect jobs and business opportunities to the local and surrounding people such
as contractors, transporters and raw material suppliers etc. due to the proposed development in the area.
Demands of community services and commercial development also create additional employment for
the poor strata of society by way of security guard, driver, servant, sweeper, gardener etc.
There could be increase in daily need shops.
The education development is also one of the positive impacts of the project.
Negative Impacts
Due to the proposed project activity, influx of population may increase during the construction phase.
This may lead to strain on infrastructure facilities in the area as well as increase in population at local
level. However, this impact is only for the short duration and temporary in nature.
During construction phase, increase level of dust and other air pollutants may lead to health problems.
Vehicular traffic and construction activities may create noise pollution.
Due to the proposed project, economic status existing residents will certainly improve but at the same
time their traditional way of living will also get affected.
Mitigating Measures
In order to mitigate the adverse impacts likely to arise in the surrounding area due to proposed project
activity, it is necessary to formulate an effective mitigation plan. The suggestions are as follows:
Before Commencing and During Initial Phase:
Communication with the local community should be institutionalized and done on a regular basis. The
forum could provide opportunities to discuss local critical issues and prepare programs of mutual
benefits
Information regarding the proposed development plan, community programs etc. should be
communicated to the local community in the form of booklets and audio-visuals
As per the expectations of the local people, project authorities should organize guidance center for
youths, technical education center and training program.
During Construction Phase:
Project proponent should take appropriate steps to keep environment clean and healthy during
construction phase
Provision of adequate drinking water, toilet and bathing facilities should be made available on project
site
Water shall be sprinkled/spread to suppress dust during construction phase to control air pollution and
thereby avoid adverse health impact
Proper living condition with appropriate facilities for residential labors should be provided
Proper Training and awareness program should be carried out so that the workers understand the
importance of wearing the personal protective equipment.

30. 29
During Operation Phase:
The colony management collectively will need a pool of watchmen, gardeners, sweepers, plumbers,
fitters, STP operators, lift operators and solid waste collectors. Preference should be given to Local
people for all this.
The treated sewage and the compost prepared from the organic solid waste are useful for the crops. If
the surrounding farmers are desirous to have the same, their request would be considered.
The project proponent should help in promoting local people for livelihood commensurate with their
will, skill and abilities by utilizing the minimum amount
This discusses the baseline scenario of the socio-economic environment in the study area and anticipated
impacts of the proposed special township project on the socio-economic environment. The issues under
focus in this topic are demographic pattern, economic activity, education and literacy profile, etc. The
assessment attempts to predict and evaluate the future impacts of the proposed project on socio-
economic environment.
ALTERNATIVE STUDIES
Public Hearing: Public Hearing is a process which is conducted to understand the effects of project
affecting the livelihood of people staying around this project.
Objectives of public hearing:
 to provide forum for the proponent to inform the entire community of the outcome of the EIA of
proposed project.
 to verify the accuracy of the EIA findings in relation to the situation on the ground
 to confirm that all the affected parties and stakeholders have been adequately consulted and have
been adequately consulted and have been part of the various decision-making processes
 to offer the affected and interested parties, as well as other stakeholders, the opportunity to
express their opinions on any issues considered outstanding
Outcomes of public hearing
 Additional mitigation proposals and commitments were made and final decision on project is
delayed until issues are addressed.
 Villagers are given the proposal of resettlement if the conditions of the prevailing site is getting
worse.
Disaster Management
The emergency considered in this plan will refer to the occurrence of one or more of the following:

31. 30
 Fire
 Release of flammable liquid
 Release of toxic gas (Sulphur-di-oxide)
 Natural calamities
 Leakage of Alcohol from the Storage tank
 Emergency Control Centre
The streamline all the coordination activities for various categories, the emergency control center is to
be established. It is desirable to establish the emergency control center well away from the possible
generally emergency site. Hence, the security office (near Factory Entrance) is declared as the
emergency control center. All communication will originate from this control center. When an
emergency occurs in the plant, the incident informer the person who first sees the mishap should inform
about the emergency to the supervisor. The supervisor must inform the same to site coordinator. After
confirming the message, chief coordinator will rush to Emergency control center and alert the plant
personnel through warning sounded through the waiving siren for one minute. The emergency
coordination will announce the location of the emergency, requesting concerned teams to rush to the
spot, and all others to clear the plant site and rush to assembly point. All team members will assemble at
the spot to take over their duties under the control of the chief controller. He will give necessary
instruction to teams and co-ordinate for combating the emergency. If required he will consult with the
Emergency coordinators for safe shutdown/operation plant/ section. The team leader after getting
instruction from chief controller will mobilize their team members to control the emergency. They will
maintain constant communication with the chief controller who will be stationed at the emergency
control center.

32. 31
FIELD ACTIVITIES:
In ultra-tech we did two activities in this project.
 Traffic survey
 Laboratory visit
VISIT TO LABORATORY:
Visit to the laboratory was a brief introduction of instruments used for Air, Water and Noise baseline
monitoring. Starting with instruments which are used for water sampling in baseline monitoring:
Conductivity Meter: This is an instrument which is used in correlation with other tests for TDS and
TSS. It measures the amount of electricity that can pass through water which is useful for knowing the
relation of electricity with amount of dissolved solids and suspended solids in the solution.
Conductivity meters employ a potentiometric method and four electrodes. Often, the electrodes are
cylindrical and arranged concentrically. The electrodes are usually made of platinum metal. An
alternating current is applied to the outer pair of the electrodes. The potential between the inner pair is
measured. Conductivity could in principle be determined using the distance between the electrodes and
their surface area using the Ohm's law but generally, for accuracy, a calibration is employed using
electrolytes of well-known conductivity.
A test with tap water shows the conductivity of the tap water as 0.262m Mho.
PH level Meter: This is an instrument which the level of acidity or alkalinity of the liquid sample
under test. If the meter shows a reading in 0-7 then it is more of acidic nature and if the reading is in the
range of 7-14 then we can say it is more of alkaline nature. The standard measurement for water should
be in range of 6.5 to 8.5. A typical pH meter has two basic components: the meter itself, which can be
a moving-coil meter (one with a pointer that moves against a scale) or a digital meter (one with a
numeric display), and either one or two probes that you insert into the solution you're testing. If your pH
meter has two probes (like the one in the photo at the top of this article), each one is a separate electrode;
if you have only one probe, both of the two electrodes are built inside it for simplicity and convenience.
Hot Plate: Measurement of TDS i.e. Total dissolved solids in a water sample are measured accurately
with the help of the hot plate which plays a crucial part in this process. Initially china clay bowl is
weighed on hot plate and then the sample water is poured in this bowl. Again it is kept on hot plate and
the water is evaporated. The remaining moisture is evaporated by putting this bowl in hot oven .After
cooling the bowl till room temperature the bowl is again put on hot plate and weighed and on comparing
with original weight the amount of weight of dissolved solids can be known.
Incubator: To measure the BOD of water sample, the sampled water in bottles is kept inside this
incubator for 3 days at around 27 degree Celsius and then titration is carried on this sampled water to

33. 32
know the amount of BOD. The amount of oxygen consumed by organisms is measured in this
instrument by which we can measure the amount of micro-organisms in water can predict the use of this
water. Bacteriological water analysis is a method of analyzing water to estimate the numbers
of bacteria present and, if needed, to find out what sort of bacteria they are. It represents one aspect
of water quality. It is a microbiological analytical procedure which uses samples of water and from these
samples determines the concentration of bacteria. It is then possible to draw inferences about the
suitability of the water for use from these concentrations. This process is used, for example, to routinely
confirm that water is safe for human consumption or that bathing and recreational waters are safe to use.
The interpretation and the action trigger levels for different waters vary depending on the use made of
the water. Very stringent levels applying to drinking water whilst more relaxed levels apply to marine
bathing waters, where much lower volumes of water are expected to be ingested by users
One of the oldest methods is called the multiple tube method. In this method a measured sub-sample
(perhaps 10 ml) is diluted with 100 ml of sterile growth medium and an aliquot of 10 ml is then decanted
into each of ten tubes. The remaining 10 ml is then diluted again and the process repeated. At the end of
5 dilutions this produces 50 tubes covering the dilution range of 1:10 through to 1:10000.
The tubes are then incubated at a pre-set temperature for a specified time and at the end of the process
the number of tubes with growth in is counted for each dilution. Statistical tables are then used to derive
the concentration of organisms in the original sample. This method can be enhanced by using indicator
medium which changes colour when acid forming species are present and by including a tiny inverted
tube called a Durham tube in each sample tube. The Durham inverted tube catches any gas produced.
The production of gas at 37 degrees Celsius is a strong indication of the presence of Escherichia coli.
Titration: Various chemical reactions are carried out and oil, grease and other heavy metals are tested.
Conductivity Test of water samples Conductivity meter

34. 33
pH meter to test acidity of water Hot Plate instrument to test TDS and TSS
Incubator chamber for BOD samples COD Digester
Then we studied the instruments used for Air baseline monitoring
Fine Dust Sampler: This is an instrument which has three parts like sensor, dust collector and
impinger. The dust is collected in the ranges of PM 0.25 mu or PM 1.0 mu with a fine mesh. The initial
and later weight of this mesh is calculated and the weight of dust is measured accordingly. Sensors
measure the amount of NOx and SOx suspended in air. Also these can be measured by using impinger
with solutions such as NaOH for SOx and HNO3 for NOx.
Spectrophotometer: A spectrophotometer is an instrument which measures the wavelength of heavy
metals. This is used for air as well as for water samples. The readings generate a graph and the amount
of heavy metals can be calculated in microgram/m3. In chemistry, spectrophotometry is the quantitative
measurement of the reflection or transmission properties of a material as a function of wavelength. It is
more specific than the general term electromagnetic spectroscopy in that spectrophotometry deals
with visible light, near-ultraviolet, and near-infrared, but does not cover time-resolved
spectroscopic techniques.
Figure 9. Photographs of interns while studying water instruments

35. 34
Spectrophotometry uses photometers that can measure a light beam's intensity as a function of its color
(wavelength) known as spectrophotometers. Important features of spectrophotometers are spectral
bandwidth, (the range of colors it can transmit through the test sample), and the percentage of sample-
transmission, and the logarithmic range of sample-absorption and sometimes a percentage of reflectance
measurement.
A spectrophotometer is commonly used for the measurement of transmittance or reflectance of
solutions, transparent or opaque solids, such as polished glass, or gases. However they can also be
designed to measure the diffusivity on any of the listed light ranges that usually cover around 200 nm -
2500 nm using different controls and calibrations. Within these ranges of light, calibrations are needed
on the machine using standards that vary in type depending on the wavelength of the photometric
determination.
An example of an experiment in which spectrophotometry is used is the determination of the
equilibrium constant of a solution. A certain chemical reaction within a solution may occur in a forward
and reverse direction where reactants form products and products break down into reactants. At some
point, this chemical reaction will reach a point of balance called an equilibrium point. In order to
determine the respective concentrations of reactants and products at this point, the light transmittance of
the solution can be tested using spectrophotometry. The amount of light that passes through the solution
is indicative of the concentration of certain chemicals that do not allow light to pass through.
The use of spectrophotometers spans various scientific fields, such as physics, materials
science, chemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology. They are widely used in many industries
including semiconductors, laser and optical manufacturing, printing and forensic examination, and as
well in laboratories for the study of chemical substances. Ultimately, a spectrophotometer is able to
determine, depending on the control or calibration, what substances are present in a target and exactly
how much through calculations of observed wavelengths
Fine dust sampler-PM 2.5 Dust sampler with LED display

36. 35
Filter before and after testing Spectrophotometer
And lastly we studied the Noise baseline monitoring instruments of which the first is:
SL4010 meter. Here there are two switches one for power on off and hold and other for selecting a
range for these decibel levels. These ranges are 35-80dB, 50-100dB, and 80-130dB. Likewise a better
improved version of this instrument is LUK
Noise Meter Instrument taking reading
Figure 10. Photographs of interns while studying Air instruments

37. 36
SIIB Interns with Nitin Sir Too much to learn
TRAFFIC SURVEY:
Development is necessary for the country. However, if planning and development do not go hand in
hand a situation of chaos leading to mismanagement and inefficiency prevails. Hence, the prime
objective of creating a baseline data is to comprehend the situation existing at the site without project.
Then, superimpose the effect on environmental aspects due to inclusion of project. The result is a
predicted environmental situation after the project is executed or operational. This exercise has
importance in EIA procedure as the impacts due to the project are predicted and accordingly mitigation
measures are planned to equip facility with minimum impact on environment.
Pune city has seen a rapid growth in the past decade. A city once famous for senior citizen and known as
pensioner city has transformed in one of the biggest IT Hubs in the country. With close proximity of the
city to the financial capital of the country and the presence of traditional core sector the resources and
infrastructure of the city is overloaded. The city is known to have the highest number of two wheelers in
the country and now has seen a rise in four wheelers also. This situation forces traffic study to be an
important aspect of EIA.
According to Indian Roads Congress (IRC) was set up by the Government of India in December, 1934
on the recommendations of Jayakar Committee with the objective of promoting and encouraging the
science for building and maintenance of roads. It also provides a national forum for sharing of
knowledge and pooling of experience on the entire range of subjects dealing with the construction and
maintenance of roads and bridges. IRC has now about 13,500 members comprising of engineers of all
ranks from Central and State Governments, Engineering Services of Army, Border Roads Organization,
Road Research Institutes, Engineering Colleges, Local Bodies and private enterprises.
The study was conducted at Phase 2/3 Chowk, near MIDC office for the project of “Expansion of IT
Park-Cognizant”. Figures below show the location of study and flow of traffic studied. A concept of
PCU is used in this survey and the details are as under
Figure 11. Photographs of interns while studying Noise instruments

38. 37
Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE) is a metric used in Transportation Engineering, to assess traffic-flow
rate on a highway.[1] A Passenger Car Equivalent is essentially the impact that a mode of transport has
on traffic variables (such as headway, speed, density) compared to a single car. For example, typical
values of PCE (or PCU) are:
 private car (including taxis or pick-up) 1
 motorcycle 0.5
 bicycle 0.2
 horse-drawn vehicle 4
 bus, tractor, truck 3.5
Highway capacity is measured in PCE/hour daily
Passenger Car Equivalent is also sometimes used interchangeably with Passenger car unit (PCU).
A common method used in the US is the density method. However, the PCU values derived from the
density method are based on underlying homogeneous traffic concepts such as strict lane discipline, car
following and a vehicle fleet that does not vary greatly in width.
On the other hand, highways in India, carry heterogeneous traffic, where road space is shared among
many traffic modes with different physical dimensions. Loose lane discipline prevails; car following is
not the norm. This complicates computing of PCE.
Using multiple heuristic techniques, transportation engineers convert a mixed traffic stream into a
hypothetical passenger-car stream.
Traffic survey at Hinjawadi
phase-2,4pm-8pm
Traffic at Hinjawadi phase-2, 8am-12 noon
Figure 12. Photographs of interns conducting traffic survey

39. 38
RECOMMENDATIONS:
Ultra-tech roughly reports an annual turnover of 20 Crores. Accounting most of the business to that
comes from consulting clients from different industries mentioned in EIA 2006 notification. Following
shows the sector wise split based on revenue.
As we may observe there is significant dependence on Building construction projects. 60% of the
business comes from building construction projects. A factor that makes this segment more and more
interesting for the company is the cash flow. The construction projects can be finished in less time as
compared to other projects and generates a stream of cash flows faster. There is a clear balance created
by the company to sustain key financials by moderating high value low margin business with low value
high margin business.
As on 10 May, 2016, Ministry of Environment & Forests has released a draft notification saying that
construction projects with built up area less than 1, 50,000 m2 will not require Environmental Clearance.
The initiative was taken by MoEF CC to smoothen the process of development by decentralizing the
approval authority. If this idea is executed by MoEF CC, the impact on top line is going to be huge. The
company is looking for diversifying their business and needs suggestions to venture into different types
of consultancy business.
We suggested company with some options that may help them to generate more revenue and be back on
the top line commitments.
10%10%
80%
25%
75%
Industry wise revenue split
Sugar Industries Isolated storage & Chemicals
Construction Infrastructure
Buliding construction
Figure 13. Industry wise revenue spilt for Ultra-Tech

40. 39
The approaches to look at this issue was to first focus on the non-building construction sectors and
second add more services that promise demand in future. The following were the solutions proposed by
SIIB interns to the company.
Environmental
Solution
Provider
EIA
Focus on building
competency for Non
building construction
projects
Sustainability
Report
SEBI notification 2015
for BRR to be done by
Top 500
Green
Building
Advisory
Ultratech Presense in
Construction sector and
relationships with
builders can be
leveraged
Solar Turn
Key projects
Ultratech's presence in
turnkey projects related
to STP/ ETP.
Figure 14. Recommendations by interns to Ultra-tech to maintain Top line

41. 40
CONCLUSION:
EIA, as being part of increasing awareness initially has now become a practice to protect the
environment from environmental impacts of events and actions. According to
“The International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) defines an environmental impact
assessment as "the process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and mitigating the biophysical social,
and other relevant effects of development proposals prior to major decisions being taken and
commitments made”
EIA is not just taken up for environmental protection but also for application of funds from larger
enterprises. Here we looked upon report preparation on subjects like sugarcane factory expansion
project, highways, distillery, construction projects, roadways, dye and chemical projects, jetty and
marine projects. The unique quality in each of the project was the category of the project it belonged in,
different notifications used in each project and the categorization of impacts and mitigation methods
involved in each case.
Project started with the notifications and broader understanding of various terms involved in these
notifications and the various activities involved reading of various reports and understanding the
chapters in detail. Three main sections to our study were the report documentation, field activities and
studying the different reports in detail. Understanding the EIA process from a consultant’s point of view
gives a practical understanding of the whole EIA procedure. Two of the main areas of concern for any
consultant are the screening and appraisal part and speed and efficiency in these two parts makes a
worthy consultant.
EIA report preparation had three basic parts of learning which helps any report to become unique in its
own way and also predicts the various environmental impacts strategically giving mitigation measures
and solving techniques to the proponent which can make the project safer for environment as well as
beneficial for the proponent. First part is the site selection for baseline monitoring which helps the
baseline monitoring team for water noise and air to understand the area under use and which will be the
appropriate points to take the readings on. Second section briefs about which are the specific impacts on
environment and the other impacts. These impacts let us know about the mitigation measures which can
be taken and also the degrading capacity or severity of the project on environmental aspects can be
determined. Lastly, additional studies is a section which covers the important issues like risk assessment,
disaster management, public hearing and greening technologies. These parts form an important part of
any EIA report as it concerns with the risk which is involved in making of this project and how it can be
controlled. Also this section involves public hearing which is a mandatory part to be followed in (A)
category project when human health and welfare is at stake.
Later on we worked upon the field activities which involved a traffic survey and a visit to environmental
laboratory. Environmental laboratory visit was a study on various instruments which are used for air
water and noise testing along with a visit to an environment science center of Pune with getting

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knowledge upon the creation of Pune and the environment in that era until now. Traffic survey was
conducted as an expansion project to Cognizant Company which included mapping the number of
vehicles in the time period of 8AM to 8PM.
Also some recommendations were given by SIIB students to Ultra-tech Consultancy on its business
development, knowing the tough situation faced by the company and how it can still be in the top line by
making some changes in its business scope.
Culture at Ultra-tech as observed by students of SIIB was very down to earth and friendly making it very
comfortable for students to learn new concepts and bring them into practice in a very supportive and
kind manner. Celebrations on occasions of a birthday or new arrival of a car were very pleasing
attributes of the company.
Lastly we conclude on a positive note learning many new concepts and its application practically on
projects concerned.

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ANNEXURES:
Annexure 1: Presentation on Amended EIA notification 2015 Comment [D1]:

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Annexure 2: Presentation on CRZ Notification 2011

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Annexure 3: Presentation on Sustainability Consultancy Market

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Annexure 4: Presentation on Fly Ash Notification 2009

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REFERENCES:
“Environment Impact Assessment Notification 2006 (Amended 2015”-
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
“COASTAL REGULATION ZONE NOTIFICATION”- published in the Gazette of India,
Extraordinary, Part-II, Section 3, Sub-section (ii) of dated the 6th January, 2011- MINISTRY OF
ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
“Standard Terms of Reference for EIA/EMP reports for projects and activities requiring Environment
Clearance under EIA notification 2006”- MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
“Environmental Assessment of Industrial Clusters, 2009”- Central Pollution Control Board,
Ministry of Environment and Forests, Website: www.cpcb.nic.in
“Ecologically Sensitive Area, notification”- MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
“Ambient Air Quality Standards”- Central Pollution Control Board
“The Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Trans boundary Movement) Rules, 2008”-
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE
“EIA for M/s Spectrum Ethers Ltd”-prepared by Ultra-Tech Consultancy & Laboratory
“EIA for M/s Mula Sehkari Sakhar Karkhana, Nashik”-prepared by Ultra-Tech Consultancy &
Laboratory
“EIA for M/s Monomer Chemical Ind Pvt. Ltd.”-Prepared by Sadekar Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd.
“Rapid EIA for Inland water transport.”-Prepared by Ultra-Tech Consultancy & Laboratory
“EIA for Gold Coast Construction project, Nagpur”-prepared by Ultra-Tech Consultancy & Laboratory
“EIA for M/s I-Gate expansion in Hinjewadi”-prepared by Ultra-Tech Consultancy & Laboratory

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The content of report is confidential and is protected by a Bi party Non-Disclosure Agreement signed between
Symbiosis Institute of International Business and Ultra-tech Environmental consultancy & Laboratory.
The report is an outcome of internship of students at the company that started on 4.04.2016 and ended o n
29.05.2016. Date of submission of the same is 5
th
June 2016.
Any query related to data verification or clarification of information may be addressed to the following email
address: sagar.mujoo@siib.ac.in, niharica.ogale@siib.ac.in .