Complete anatomy about breast (unique)

1. Dr. Nipun
MBBS, Dhaka

2. Youngest known survivor of breast cancer

3. “You are never too
young for breast cancer”
Diagnosed at age of
2 years
Total Mastectomy
Juvenile Secretory
Breast Carcinoma

5.  Mammary gland.
 Present in both sexes.
 Rudimentary in male.
 Well developed in female after
puberty.
 Apocrine gland.

6. - In the superficial fascia of the pectoral region.
 Vertically: 2nd to 6th ribs.
 Horizontally: lateral border of sternum to mid-
axillary line.
• Above: Clavicle
• Below: 7th to 8th ribs
• Medially: Midline
• Posteriorly : to the edge of latissimus dorsi

7. 2nd rib
Pectoralis major
Skin
6th rib Fat

9. Deep relations:

11. Skin:
• Nipple
• Areola
Parenchyma
Stroma

12. Skin
Areola
Nipple
Tubercle of Montgomery

13. Parenchyma:
 Lobes: Lobules
- 15 – 20 in number
- Composed of minute glandular
Ductules
structures called lobules
- Lobules empty via ductules in
lactiferous ducts Lactiferous duct
 Lactiferous ducts:
- Open on to nipple Lactiferous sinus
- Contains ampulla near its end
(Reservoir of milk or abnormal discharge)
Nipple

15. Stroma:
Partly fibrous & partly fatty
 Ligaments of Cooper:
- Anchors the breast with skin
- Cancer cells may infiltrate
these ligaments, so the breast
becomes fixed & contraction of
the ligaments can cause retraction
or puckering (folding) of the skin.

16. Non-lactating Lactating

17. Extremely vascular
1. Internal thoracic artery – perforating branches
2. Axillary artery –
1. Lateral thoracic artery
2. Superior thoracic artery
3. Acromiothoracic artery
3. Posterior intercostal arteries – lateral branches
Arteries are distributed in the anterior surface.
Posterior surface is relatively avascular.

18. Axillary artery
Superior thoracic
artery
Acromiothoracic
artery
Lateral thoracic
artery Internal thoracic
artery
Posterior intercostal
arteries

19. o Veins follow the arteries.
o First converge around the nipple to form an
anastomotic venous circle & then form 02 sets of
veins.
• Superficial veins: drain into Internal thoracic
vein & superficial veins of the lower part of
the neck
• Deep veins: drain into Internal thoracic ,
Axillary & Posterior intercostal veins

20. Axillary vein
Anastomotic
venous circle
Internal thoracic vein

21. • 4th to 6th intercostal nerves
by their Anterior & Lateral
cutaneous branches;
• Milk secretion by Prolactin,
not by nerves

23. • Axillary (85%) (Sentinel Lymph Node)
• Anterior
• Central
• Apical
• Lateral
• Posterior
• Interpectoral
• Internal mammary / Parasternal (10%)
• Others (5%)
• Supraclavicular
• Cephalic / Deltopectoral
• Posterior intercostal
• Subdiaphragmatic
• Subperitoneal

24. Axillary lymph nodes
Apical
Central
Lateral
Interpectoral
Posterior Internal
mammary
lymph
Anterior nodes

25. Devoid of valves.
 Superficial lymphatics  skin over breast
except nipple & areola
 Deep lymphatics  parenchyma as well as nipple
& areola
 Subareolar plexus
Subareolar plexus
(of Sappy) of Sappy

27. 4
Mammary ridge

28. Milk line

30.  Amastia (Absence of breast)
 Polymastia (Supernumerary breasts)
 Athelia (Absence of nipple)
 Polythelia (Supernumerary nipples)
 Gynaecomastia (in Klinefelter’s syndrome)

31. Polythelia
Nipple retraction
Athelia
Polymastia
Gynaecomastia
Amastia of right breast

32. PHYSIOLOGY

33. - Important accessory organ of the female
reproductive system.
- Provides nutrition to the new born in the form of
milk.

34. Feed Your Faith, Your Fears Will Starve To Death