Introduction to Spectroscopy

1. Spectroscopy

2. Analytical
Chemistry
Spectroscopy
Analysis
Separation
Analysis
Classical
Method
Instrumental
Method
Qualitative
Analysis
Quantitative
Analysis
Chemical Test
Flame Test
Gravimetric
Analysis
Volumetric Titration
Infrared
Mass
Atomic Absorption
Atomic Emission
UV-Visible
Nuclear Magnetic
Resonance
Paper
Chromatography
HPLC
TLC
Liquid /Gas
ChromCatoolugmranp hy
Chromatography

3. Spectroscopy
the study of interaction between electromagnetic radiation
and matters.
Particles (molecules, ions,atoms) can interact/adsorb a
quantum of light.
The instrument that perform the measurement is called
spectrometer
Measure the intensity of energy absorbed or emitted
The plot/graph recorded as a function of
wavelength/frequency is called Spectrum

4. Spectroscopy
Spectra are recorded :
1. to observe how substance behave at certain
energy levels
2. serves as identification tools for chemical
substance
3. help predict the behaviour of unknown substance
or newly synthesized materials from ones already
characterized

5. Spectroscopy
3 types of spectroscopy:
Absorption spectroscopy – uses electromagnetic
spectra in which a substance absorbs: IR, NMR
Emission spectroscopy – uses electromagnetic
spectra in which a substance emits: Luminescence
Scattering spectroscopy – measures the amount of
light that a substance scatter at certain
wavelengths, incident angles and polarization
angles: Raman

6. Electromagnetic Spectrum

7. Revision

8. Spectrum
Continuum
Spectrum
Emission Line
Spectrum
Absorption Line
Spectrum
Light spectrum with all wavelength/frequency
Spectrum with discrete wavelength/frequency
(coloured lines)
Emitted when excited electrons drop from
higher to lower energy level
Spectrum with discrete wavelength/frequency
(black lines)
Absorbed when ground state electrons
are excited

9. Emmission Spectroscopy vs Adsorption
Spectroscopy
Excited state
Ground state
Absorption line
spectrum
Electron at
excited state
Radiation
absorbed
Absorb radiation
to excited state
Electron from
ground state
Electron from
excited state
emit radiation when
drop to ground state
Radiation
Emitted
Emission line
spectrum

10. Electromagnetic radiation
Radiowaves Infra red UV-Visible
Nuclear Magnetic
Resonance
Spectroscopy
Infrared Spectroscopy
UV-Vis
Spectroscopy
Atomic
Absorption
Spectroscopy
Organic
structure
determination
MRI and body
scanning
Organic structure
determination
Functional grp determination
Measuring bond strength
Measuring degree of
unsaturation
in fat
Measuring level of alcohol in
breath
Quantification of metal ions
Detection of metal in
various sample