Leadership in the Context of Open

www.lumenlearning.com
Leadership in the Context of Open
David Wiley, PhD

Overview
• Nice and Open
• The Power of Open
• On MOOCs (#fail)
• Leadership and Openness

Nice and Open
Meanings matter

“Nice” - late 13c.
"foolish, stupid"

“Nice” - late 20c.
"kind, thoughtful"

What If…
Someone famous revived the old meaning?

"Nice people are certain to fail
my course."
Which “nice”?

“Open” – Early 70s
”no admission requirements"

“Open” – Late 00s
Evolved into a much more robust,
nuanced, specific meaning

Open Educational Resources?
(1) Any kind of teaching materials –
textbooks, syllabi, lesson plans,
videos, readings, exams

Open Educational Resources?
(2) Free and unfettered access, and
(3) Free permission to engage in the
“4R activities”

• Use a verbatim copyReuse
• Adapt, modify, and improveRevise
• Combine two or moreRemix
• Share with othersRedistribute
The 4Rs

“I’m teaching an open online
course this fall.”
Which “open”?
(Thanks, MOOCs.)

Genuine Confusion
Open = free!

Deliberate Misappropriation
“Openwashing”

Why Does It Matter?
Open is extremely powerful
Fauxpen is not

Power of Openness in Education
• Alignment with goals of education
• Alignment with nature of knowledge
• Alignment with technical capability of the net
• Decreasing costs
• Improving learning outcomes
• Empowering faculty
• Facilitating the unexpected

Education is Sharing
Faculty with students
Students with teachers

Faculty Share With Students
Knowledge and skills
Feedback and criticism
Encouragement

Students Share With Faculty
Questions in Class
Assignments
Exams

Successful Educators
Share most compeltely
with the most students

2008 Professor in Southern US
Claimed (c) of his class lectures,
declared student notes derivative works,
and asserted control over their use

“Demented with the mania of owning things”
Walt Whitman

If there is no sharing…
there is no education.

Interlude: A Riddle
What can you give without giving it away?

Knowledge is Nonrivalrous
Can be given without being given away

“He who receives
ideas from me,
receives instruction
himself without
lessening mine; as he
who lights his taper
at mine receives light
without darkening
me.”
Thomas Jefferson

Physical Expressions Are Not
To give a book you must give it away

Expressions Are Different
To give a book you must give it away

When Expressions Are Digital
They also become nonrivalrous

Unprecedented Capacity
We can share as never before

Except We Can’t
© regulates copying, adapting,
and distributing those copies

Internet
Enables
What to do?
Copyright
Forbids

Use copyright to enforce sharing

http://creativecommons.org/

What are Open Educational
Resources (OER)?
(1) Any kind of teaching materials –
textbooks, syllabi, lesson plans,
videos, readings, exams

What are Open Educational
Resources (OER)?
(2) Are free for anyone to access, and
(3) Include free permission to engage
in the 4R activities

Internet
Enables
OER
Allows
Leveraging the full technical capability
of the internet

Tuition and Fees are Political
What about textbook adoptions?

Textbook Costs
The lowest hanging fruit

e.g., Developmental Math
$180, MyMathLab, and
a financial aid check

Textbook Costs
$1229 year ($3131 tuition)
60% sometimes skip
23% regularly skip

Are They Really THAT Expensive?
Provider Cost
Netflix – 20,000 Movies $7.99 / month
Hulu Plus – 45,000 TV Shows $7.99 / month
Spotify – 15M Songs $9.99 / month
Total $25.97 / month
CourseSmart – 1 Biology Textbook $20.25 / month

Kaleidoscope Open Course Initiative
NGLC funding
8 community colleges / OA colleges

Core Activity
Defining and aggregating outcomes
Finding and aligning OERs to outcomes
Creating 100% OER textbook replacements

X-Institutional Collaboration Goals
Cover 10 GE courses and 4,000 students
Drop required textbook cost by 50%

Phase 1 Results
Covered 11 GE courses and 9,000 students
Dropped required textbook cost to $0
Increased success rate by 14% average

Displacing Adoptions
Make the required textbook cost $0

Phase 2
Cover 35 GE courses
28 Institutional partners

Open Course Frameworks
Making OER Simple to Adopt

Open Course Frameworks
• Start from learning outcomes,
• curated collections of OER,
• openly licensed with detailed attribution,
• organized in a way that looks and feels like
an online course,
• intended to be modified before use,
• compatible with ImprovOER continuous
quality improvement service.

Textbook Zero
Entire degree program based on OER
Up to 40% off the cost to graduate
First pilot opens Fall 2013 at Tidewater CC

Wither MOOCs?
How did we get off the rails?

“OpenCourseWare”
2002

OpenCourseWare Consortium

Self-paced Open Online Courses
2002

OER as Video + Practice
2006

Open University Courses
2007

MOOC
2008

Most MOOCs are Fauxpen
No admission requirements, but…
Full copyright – No 4Rs
Draconian TOS

“You may not take any Online
Course offered by Coursera or use
any Statement of Accomplishment
as part of any tuition-based or for-
credit certification or program for
any college, university, or other
academic institution without the
express written permission from
Coursera.”

Leadership
Imagining and demonstrating what’s possible
with OER and open approaches

Making Education Affordable
Axe 25% - 40% off the cost to graduate

“Personalized Learning”
Imagine if Netflix…
Trapped in algorithm hell

Personalized Learning
Learning that’s interesting and relevant
Faculty revise/remix for their class
Students revise/remix for each other

Killing “Disposable Assignments”
http://pm4id.org/

Data + OER
Continuous improvement

What Happens If We Don’t Lead?
Someone else does
c.f., MOOCs

Discussion
http://davidwiley.org/
@opencontent

Leadership in the Context of Open

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