SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 16
25 June, 2008 Continuous Integration by Mel Gerats
Definitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration Continuous integration describes a set of software engineering practices that speed up the delivery of software by decreasing integration times 25 June, 2008 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats 2
Maintain a Single Source Repository. Simple: Usesourcecontrol 25 June, 2008 3 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
Automate the Build Building shouldtakeoneaction at most! Building shouldnottake YOUR time => Build server 	- CruiseControl.net 	- Team System Build Server 	- Team City 25 June, 2008 4 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
Make Your Build Self-Testing Tests shouldbe run everybuild => Tests can have noeffects, orshould at least clean up. 25 June, 2008 5 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
Everyone Commits Every Day Check in often! Findproblemsearly Mostlyforlargeprojects? 25 June, 2008 6 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
Every Commit Should Build the Mainline on an Integration Machine Automatedbuildaftercheckin Automated tests aftercheckin 25 June, 2008 7 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
Test in a Clone of the Production Environment The code maybe fine, but the environment? Dependencies Versions OS … 25 June, 2008 8 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
Everyone can see what's happening Checkin reports Build reports Test reports Coverage reports http://buildserver/ccnet 25 June, 2008 9 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
Automate Deployment Successful build => deploy to staging 25 June, 2008 10 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
Overview Maintain a Single Source Repository. Automate the Build Make Your Build Self-Testing Everyone Commits Every Day Every Commit Should Build the Mainline on an Integration Machine Keep the Build Fast Test in a Clone of the Production Environment Make it Easy for Anyone to Get the Latest Executable Everyone can see what's happening Automate Deployment 25 June, 2008 11 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
Challenges Bus factor Dependencies Brokenwindowsyndrome 25 June, 2008 12 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
Todo’s Research/try out options ,[object Object]
Tom willtryTeamCity + FinalBuilder
Experiment with Team System25 June, 2008 13 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
Next steps Automated unit tests Reports Automateddeployment 25 June, 2008 14 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats

Más contenido relacionado

Destacado

AWS users group presentation optimizing your aws account with Cloudmgr & Clou...
AWS users group presentation optimizing your aws account with Cloudmgr & Clou...AWS users group presentation optimizing your aws account with Cloudmgr & Clou...
AWS users group presentation optimizing your aws account with Cloudmgr & Clou...
Craig Deveson
 
TWTRCON SF 10 BrainPop: Real-Time Advertising
TWTRCON SF 10 BrainPop: Real-Time AdvertisingTWTRCON SF 10 BrainPop: Real-Time Advertising
TWTRCON SF 10 BrainPop: Real-Time Advertising
Edelman
 
Akademi Klasik Türk Müziği Korosu 28 Ocak Konseri
Akademi Klasik Türk Müziği Korosu 28 Ocak KonseriAkademi Klasik Türk Müziği Korosu 28 Ocak Konseri
Akademi Klasik Türk Müziği Korosu 28 Ocak Konseri
aokutur
 
Kaya karataş 2016 korosu ocak 19 konser resimleri
Kaya karataş 2016 korosu ocak 19 konser resimleriKaya karataş 2016 korosu ocak 19 konser resimleri
Kaya karataş 2016 korosu ocak 19 konser resimleri
aokutur
 
Unit 12a Investing in shares
Unit 12a Investing in sharesUnit 12a Investing in shares
Unit 12a Investing in shares
Andrew Hingston
 

Destacado (20)

Ingria gamification
Ingria gamificationIngria gamification
Ingria gamification
 
AWS users group presentation optimizing your aws account with Cloudmgr & Clou...
AWS users group presentation optimizing your aws account with Cloudmgr & Clou...AWS users group presentation optimizing your aws account with Cloudmgr & Clou...
AWS users group presentation optimizing your aws account with Cloudmgr & Clou...
 
Setting the Record Straight: Press Releases that Stand Out in the Digital Age
Setting the Record Straight: Press Releases that Stand Out in the Digital AgeSetting the Record Straight: Press Releases that Stand Out in the Digital Age
Setting the Record Straight: Press Releases that Stand Out in the Digital Age
 
Lean, Svensk Bensinhandel, Mongara, Gran Canaria 2012
Lean, Svensk Bensinhandel, Mongara, Gran Canaria 2012Lean, Svensk Bensinhandel, Mongara, Gran Canaria 2012
Lean, Svensk Bensinhandel, Mongara, Gran Canaria 2012
 
Elements of Starting up
Elements of Starting upElements of Starting up
Elements of Starting up
 
Валерия Агапова - Технопосхис «Новый звездный»
Валерия Агапова - Технопосхис «Новый звездный»Валерия Агапова - Технопосхис «Новый звездный»
Валерия Агапова - Технопосхис «Новый звездный»
 
Антон Колошин - Формирование межрегионального Smart ЦОК ИТ
Антон Колошин - Формирование межрегионального Smart ЦОК ИТАнтон Колошин - Формирование межрегионального Smart ЦОК ИТ
Антон Колошин - Формирование межрегионального Smart ЦОК ИТ
 
Ospmi Chapter Presentation
Ospmi Chapter PresentationOspmi Chapter Presentation
Ospmi Chapter Presentation
 
AMG group
AMG groupAMG group
AMG group
 
TWTRCON SF 10 BrainPop: Real-Time Advertising
TWTRCON SF 10 BrainPop: Real-Time AdvertisingTWTRCON SF 10 BrainPop: Real-Time Advertising
TWTRCON SF 10 BrainPop: Real-Time Advertising
 
Inbound Marketing Workshop - Introduction
Inbound Marketing Workshop - IntroductionInbound Marketing Workshop - Introduction
Inbound Marketing Workshop - Introduction
 
Mongara Arbetsrätt och sociala media Svensk Bensinhandel, Mongara Gran Canari...
Mongara Arbetsrätt och sociala media Svensk Bensinhandel, Mongara Gran Canari...Mongara Arbetsrätt och sociala media Svensk Bensinhandel, Mongara Gran Canari...
Mongara Arbetsrätt och sociala media Svensk Bensinhandel, Mongara Gran Canari...
 
Akademi Klasik Türk Müziği Korosu 28 Ocak Konseri
Akademi Klasik Türk Müziği Korosu 28 Ocak KonseriAkademi Klasik Türk Müziği Korosu 28 Ocak Konseri
Akademi Klasik Türk Müziği Korosu 28 Ocak Konseri
 
Video creation and strategy for today’s modern content marketer final
Video creation and strategy for today’s modern content marketer finalVideo creation and strategy for today’s modern content marketer final
Video creation and strategy for today’s modern content marketer final
 
Kaya karataş 2016 korosu ocak 19 konser resimleri
Kaya karataş 2016 korosu ocak 19 konser resimleriKaya karataş 2016 korosu ocak 19 konser resimleri
Kaya karataş 2016 korosu ocak 19 konser resimleri
 
Unit 12a Investing in shares
Unit 12a Investing in sharesUnit 12a Investing in shares
Unit 12a Investing in shares
 
Electonic tongue
Electonic tongueElectonic tongue
Electonic tongue
 
Slide lan 2
Slide lan 2Slide lan 2
Slide lan 2
 
Бизнес-обучение 2013
Бизнес-обучение 2013Бизнес-обучение 2013
Бизнес-обучение 2013
 
08.Push Notifications
08.Push Notifications 08.Push Notifications
08.Push Notifications
 

Similar a Continuous Integration

Buildbot introduction
Buildbot introductionBuildbot introduction
Buildbot introduction
williewu
 
Continuous integration
Continuous integrationContinuous integration
Continuous integration
Basma Alkerm
 
B. Durrett The Challenges of Continuous Deployment Social Developer Summit
B. Durrett The Challenges of Continuous Deployment Social Developer SummitB. Durrett The Challenges of Continuous Deployment Social Developer Summit
B. Durrett The Challenges of Continuous Deployment Social Developer Summit
Mediabistro
 
Continuous Integration Approach
Continuous Integration ApproachContinuous Integration Approach
Continuous Integration Approach
Nigel Thurlow
 
Test Automation Strategy
Test Automation StrategyTest Automation Strategy
Test Automation Strategy
Martin Ruddy
 
No Test without Integration - final
No Test without Integration - finalNo Test without Integration - final
No Test without Integration - final
Andre Verschelling
 
Test Automation and Continuous Integration
Test Automation and Continuous Integration Test Automation and Continuous Integration
Test Automation and Continuous Integration
TestCampRO
 

Similar a Continuous Integration (20)

Buildbot introduction
Buildbot introductionBuildbot introduction
Buildbot introduction
 
Buildbot
BuildbotBuildbot
Buildbot
 
Continuous Delivery 101
Continuous Delivery 101Continuous Delivery 101
Continuous Delivery 101
 
Continuous integration
Continuous integrationContinuous integration
Continuous integration
 
B. Durrett The Challenges of Continuous Deployment Social Developer Summit
B. Durrett The Challenges of Continuous Deployment Social Developer SummitB. Durrett The Challenges of Continuous Deployment Social Developer Summit
B. Durrett The Challenges of Continuous Deployment Social Developer Summit
 
Getting Git Right @ Git Merge 2018
Getting Git Right @ Git Merge 2018Getting Git Right @ Git Merge 2018
Getting Git Right @ Git Merge 2018
 
Visual Automation Framework via Screenshot Comparison
Visual Automation Framework via Screenshot ComparisonVisual Automation Framework via Screenshot Comparison
Visual Automation Framework via Screenshot Comparison
 
Continuous Integration Approach
Continuous Integration ApproachContinuous Integration Approach
Continuous Integration Approach
 
Test Automation Strategy
Test Automation StrategyTest Automation Strategy
Test Automation Strategy
 
No Test without Integration - final
No Test without Integration - finalNo Test without Integration - final
No Test without Integration - final
 
Automation service introduction
Automation service introductionAutomation service introduction
Automation service introduction
 
Test Automation and Continuous Integration
Test Automation and Continuous Integration Test Automation and Continuous Integration
Test Automation and Continuous Integration
 
Continuous Integration using TFS
Continuous Integration using TFSContinuous Integration using TFS
Continuous Integration using TFS
 
DevOps CI Automation Continuous Integration
DevOps CI Automation Continuous IntegrationDevOps CI Automation Continuous Integration
DevOps CI Automation Continuous Integration
 
TCE Automation
TCE AutomationTCE Automation
TCE Automation
 
Adrian marinica continuous integration in the visual studio world
Adrian marinica   continuous integration in the visual studio worldAdrian marinica   continuous integration in the visual studio world
Adrian marinica continuous integration in the visual studio world
 
Agile Engineering Best Practices by Richard Cheng
Agile Engineering Best Practices by Richard ChengAgile Engineering Best Practices by Richard Cheng
Agile Engineering Best Practices by Richard Cheng
 
Build And Test Automation - Shortening the Feedback Loop
Build And Test Automation - Shortening the Feedback LoopBuild And Test Automation - Shortening the Feedback Loop
Build And Test Automation - Shortening the Feedback Loop
 
Automation Testing of Web based Application with Selenium and HP UFT (QTP)
Automation Testing of Web based Application with Selenium and HP UFT (QTP)Automation Testing of Web based Application with Selenium and HP UFT (QTP)
Automation Testing of Web based Application with Selenium and HP UFT (QTP)
 
GitOps with ArgoCD
GitOps with ArgoCDGitOps with ArgoCD
GitOps with ArgoCD
 

Más de Orbit One - We create coherence

Más de Orbit One - We create coherence (20)

ShareCafé: SharePoint - Een doos vol documenten of dé tool om efficiënt samen...
ShareCafé: SharePoint - Een doos vol documenten of dé tool om efficiënt samen...ShareCafé: SharePoint - Een doos vol documenten of dé tool om efficiënt samen...
ShareCafé: SharePoint - Een doos vol documenten of dé tool om efficiënt samen...
 
HoGent tips and tricks van een self-made ondernemer
HoGent tips and tricks van een self-made ondernemer HoGent tips and tricks van een self-made ondernemer
HoGent tips and tricks van een self-made ondernemer
 
Het Nieuwe Werken in de praktijk
Het Nieuwe Werkenin de praktijkHet Nieuwe Werkenin de praktijk
Het Nieuwe Werken in de praktijk
 
ShareCafé: Office365 - Efficiënt samenwerken met minimum aan kosten en comple...
ShareCafé: Office365 - Efficiënt samenwerken met minimum aan kosten en comple...ShareCafé: Office365 - Efficiënt samenwerken met minimum aan kosten en comple...
ShareCafé: Office365 - Efficiënt samenwerken met minimum aan kosten en comple...
 
ShareCafé 3 - Geef je samenwerking een technologische upgrade
ShareCafé 3 - Geef je samenwerking een technologische upgradeShareCafé 3 - Geef je samenwerking een technologische upgrade
ShareCafé 3 - Geef je samenwerking een technologische upgrade
 
ShareCafé 2 - Werk slimmer door geïntegreerde tools
ShareCafé 2 - Werk slimmer door geïntegreerde toolsShareCafé 2 - Werk slimmer door geïntegreerde tools
ShareCafé 2 - Werk slimmer door geïntegreerde tools
 
ShareCafé 1: Hou de Nieuwe Werker gemotiveerd
ShareCafé 1: Hou de Nieuwe Werker gemotiveerdShareCafé 1: Hou de Nieuwe Werker gemotiveerd
ShareCafé 1: Hou de Nieuwe Werker gemotiveerd
 
Business value of Lync integrations
Business value of Lync integrationsBusiness value of Lync integrations
Business value of Lync integrations
 
OneCafé: De toekomst van ledenorganisaties met behulp van CRM en informatie-u...
OneCafé: De toekomst van ledenorganisaties met behulp van CRM en informatie-u...OneCafé: De toekomst van ledenorganisaties met behulp van CRM en informatie-u...
OneCafé: De toekomst van ledenorganisaties met behulp van CRM en informatie-u...
 
Identity in the cloud using Microsoft
Identity in the cloud using MicrosoftIdentity in the cloud using Microsoft
Identity in the cloud using Microsoft
 
OneCafé: The future of membership organizations facilitated by CRM and collab...
OneCafé: The future of membership organizations facilitated by CRM and collab...OneCafé: The future of membership organizations facilitated by CRM and collab...
OneCafé: The future of membership organizations facilitated by CRM and collab...
 
OneCafé: The new world of work and your organisation
OneCafé: The new world of work and your organisationOneCafé: The new world of work and your organisation
OneCafé: The new world of work and your organisation
 
Social Computing in your organization using SharePoint: challenges and benefits
Social Computing in your organization using SharePoint: challenges and benefitsSocial Computing in your organization using SharePoint: challenges and benefits
Social Computing in your organization using SharePoint: challenges and benefits
 
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) Best Practices
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) Best PracticesWindows Communication Foundation (WCF) Best Practices
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) Best Practices
 
Wie is Orbit One Internet Solutions
Wie is Orbit One Internet SolutionsWie is Orbit One Internet Solutions
Wie is Orbit One Internet Solutions
 
Azure Umbraco workshop
Azure Umbraco workshopAzure Umbraco workshop
Azure Umbraco workshop
 
Marketing Automation in Dynamics CRM with ClickDimensions
Marketing Automation in Dynamics CRM with ClickDimensionsMarketing Automation in Dynamics CRM with ClickDimensions
Marketing Automation in Dynamics CRM with ClickDimensions
 
Office 365, is cloud right for your company?
Office 365, is cloud right for your company?Office 365, is cloud right for your company?
Office 365, is cloud right for your company?
 
Who is Orbit One internet solutions?
Who is Orbit One internet solutions?Who is Orbit One internet solutions?
Who is Orbit One internet solutions?
 
Azure and Umbraco CMS
Azure and Umbraco CMSAzure and Umbraco CMS
Azure and Umbraco CMS
 

Último

Cloud Frontiers: A Deep Dive into Serverless Spatial Data and FME
Cloud Frontiers:  A Deep Dive into Serverless Spatial Data and FMECloud Frontiers:  A Deep Dive into Serverless Spatial Data and FME
Cloud Frontiers: A Deep Dive into Serverless Spatial Data and FME
Safe Software
 
Why Teams call analytics are critical to your entire business
Why Teams call analytics are critical to your entire businessWhy Teams call analytics are critical to your entire business
Why Teams call analytics are critical to your entire business
panagenda
 
Artificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
Artificial Intelligence: Facts and MythsArtificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
Artificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
Joaquim Jorge
 

Último (20)

HTML Injection Attacks: Impact and Mitigation Strategies
HTML Injection Attacks: Impact and Mitigation StrategiesHTML Injection Attacks: Impact and Mitigation Strategies
HTML Injection Attacks: Impact and Mitigation Strategies
 
Strategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a Fresher
Strategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a FresherStrategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a Fresher
Strategies for Landing an Oracle DBA Job as a Fresher
 
Tata AIG General Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Tata AIG General Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024Tata AIG General Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Tata AIG General Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
 
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law DevelopmentsTrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
 
Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...
Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...
Apidays New York 2024 - The Good, the Bad and the Governed by David O'Neill, ...
 
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected WorkerHow to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
 
presentation ICT roal in 21st century education
presentation ICT roal in 21st century educationpresentation ICT roal in 21st century education
presentation ICT roal in 21st century education
 
The 7 Things I Know About Cyber Security After 25 Years | April 2024
The 7 Things I Know About Cyber Security After 25 Years | April 2024The 7 Things I Know About Cyber Security After 25 Years | April 2024
The 7 Things I Know About Cyber Security After 25 Years | April 2024
 
GenAI Risks & Security Meetup 01052024.pdf
GenAI Risks & Security Meetup 01052024.pdfGenAI Risks & Security Meetup 01052024.pdf
GenAI Risks & Security Meetup 01052024.pdf
 
Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...
Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...
Strategies for Unlocking Knowledge Management in Microsoft 365 in the Copilot...
 
Cloud Frontiers: A Deep Dive into Serverless Spatial Data and FME
Cloud Frontiers:  A Deep Dive into Serverless Spatial Data and FMECloud Frontiers:  A Deep Dive into Serverless Spatial Data and FME
Cloud Frontiers: A Deep Dive into Serverless Spatial Data and FME
 
Boost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdf
Boost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdfBoost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdf
Boost Fertility New Invention Ups Success Rates.pdf
 
Mastering MySQL Database Architecture: Deep Dive into MySQL Shell and MySQL R...
Mastering MySQL Database Architecture: Deep Dive into MySQL Shell and MySQL R...Mastering MySQL Database Architecture: Deep Dive into MySQL Shell and MySQL R...
Mastering MySQL Database Architecture: Deep Dive into MySQL Shell and MySQL R...
 
🐬 The future of MySQL is Postgres 🐘
🐬  The future of MySQL is Postgres   🐘🐬  The future of MySQL is Postgres   🐘
🐬 The future of MySQL is Postgres 🐘
 
Artificial Intelligence Chap.5 : Uncertainty
Artificial Intelligence Chap.5 : UncertaintyArtificial Intelligence Chap.5 : Uncertainty
Artificial Intelligence Chap.5 : Uncertainty
 
Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
 
Why Teams call analytics are critical to your entire business
Why Teams call analytics are critical to your entire businessWhy Teams call analytics are critical to your entire business
Why Teams call analytics are critical to your entire business
 
AWS Community Day CPH - Three problems of Terraform
AWS Community Day CPH - Three problems of TerraformAWS Community Day CPH - Three problems of Terraform
AWS Community Day CPH - Three problems of Terraform
 
Artificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
Artificial Intelligence: Facts and MythsArtificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
Artificial Intelligence: Facts and Myths
 
Real Time Object Detection Using Open CV
Real Time Object Detection Using Open CVReal Time Object Detection Using Open CV
Real Time Object Detection Using Open CV
 

Continuous Integration

  • 1. 25 June, 2008 Continuous Integration by Mel Gerats
  • 2. Definitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_integration Continuous integration describes a set of software engineering practices that speed up the delivery of software by decreasing integration times 25 June, 2008 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats 2
  • 3. Maintain a Single Source Repository. Simple: Usesourcecontrol 25 June, 2008 3 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 4. Automate the Build Building shouldtakeoneaction at most! Building shouldnottake YOUR time => Build server - CruiseControl.net - Team System Build Server - Team City 25 June, 2008 4 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 5. Make Your Build Self-Testing Tests shouldbe run everybuild => Tests can have noeffects, orshould at least clean up. 25 June, 2008 5 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 6. Everyone Commits Every Day Check in often! Findproblemsearly Mostlyforlargeprojects? 25 June, 2008 6 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 7. Every Commit Should Build the Mainline on an Integration Machine Automatedbuildaftercheckin Automated tests aftercheckin 25 June, 2008 7 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 8. Test in a Clone of the Production Environment The code maybe fine, but the environment? Dependencies Versions OS … 25 June, 2008 8 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 9. Everyone can see what's happening Checkin reports Build reports Test reports Coverage reports http://buildserver/ccnet 25 June, 2008 9 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 10. Automate Deployment Successful build => deploy to staging 25 June, 2008 10 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 11. Overview Maintain a Single Source Repository. Automate the Build Make Your Build Self-Testing Everyone Commits Every Day Every Commit Should Build the Mainline on an Integration Machine Keep the Build Fast Test in a Clone of the Production Environment Make it Easy for Anyone to Get the Latest Executable Everyone can see what's happening Automate Deployment 25 June, 2008 11 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 12. Challenges Bus factor Dependencies Brokenwindowsyndrome 25 June, 2008 12 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 13.
  • 14. Tom willtryTeamCity + FinalBuilder
  • 15. Experiment with Team System25 June, 2008 13 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 16. Next steps Automated unit tests Reports Automateddeployment 25 June, 2008 14 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 17. Resources Martin Fowler on continuous integration Ourbuildserver CruiseControl Teamcity Team Foundation Build 25 June, 2008 15 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats
  • 18. 16 Continuous Integration, by Mel Gerats 25 June, 2008