GREEN ENERGY’S ECONOMIC PROGRESS Reducing carbon missions by 51% in 2030 -Environmental, social, and governance funds have more than tripled to reach $2 Trillion. -Three new “Mean Green” board members are forcing Exxon to clean up its act. -GM is betting big on batteries for electric vehicles with a new $2.3 billion plant in Ohio. -Advances in electric vehicles and next-generation nuclear reactors are helping the US achieve its goal of reducing carbon emissions to net zero by 2050.

1. GREEN ENERGY’S
ECONOMIC
PROGRESS
Paul H Carr
Physicist, Philosopher, Photographer
- Reduce greenhouse gas emission by
51% in 2030.

2. President Biden’s Goal

3. GREEN ENERGY’S ECONOMIC PROGRESS
Reducing carbon missions by 51% in 2030
• Environmental, social, and governance funds have
more than tripled to reach $2 Trillion.
• Three new “Mean Green” board members are forcing
Exxon to clean up its act.
• GM is betting big on batteries for electric vehicles with
a new $2.3 billion plant in Ohio.
• Advances in electric vehicles and next-generation
nuclear reactors are helping the US achieve its goal of
reducing carbon emissions to net zero by 2050.

5. 5
Economics has reduced our CO2 Emissions
$0.30. Gasoline $1.00
Gasoline 2X price in US
Natural gas
cheaper than
coal.

6. Oil Majors Look to Fill Businesses’ Growing Appetite for
Green Power
BP, Shell and Total say supplying wind and solar
power offers opportunities as they seek to pivot away
from fossil fuels. WSJ May 24,
• European oil companies including are building new
wind and solar projects and striking deals to supply
electricity to big corporate buyers like Amazon.com Inc.
and Microsoft Corp., treading into the domain of traditional
power companies.
• The moves come as more businesses look to limit their
carbon emissions, with companies buying a record
amount of renewable power last year and on track to hit a
fresh high this year,
• Exxon Mobil Corp. and Chevron Corp. haven’t entered
this business, another example of the divergence in
strategies between the U.S. and European majors.

7. Climate Activists Win at Least 2 Seats on Exxon’s Board
NY Times 26 May 2021
Shareholders elected three directors nominated by a
coalition of investors that said the oil giant was not
investing enough in cleaner energy.
Thomas L. Friedman
The ‘Mean Greens’ Are Forcing Exxon to
Clean Up Its Act
June 1, 2021, NY Times
Transitioning from a gas and oil company to
an energy company.

8. • Economists recommend
carbon fee plus dividend to reduce
carbon emissions.
• Citizen’s Climate Lobby has not been
successful in getting US congress to enact
this.
• President Biden’s Infrastructure Bill is
advocating a Green Energy Standard for
more wind, solar, and nuclear.

9. NEW GREEN ENERGY ECONOMICS

11. ESGV Index Fund, doubly green

13. Princeton U Plan to reach Biden’s net-zero by 2050. Need big expenditure for transmission
lines for wind and solar. Increasing next generation nuclear would save on new costly lines.
When wind & solar are not available, enough electricity to avoid rolling blackouts in 2050?

14. • Long transmission lines not needed for nuclear.
• The lowest cost windmills and solar PV panels are made in China & Europe.
• Nuclear reactors are presently made in the US. More jobs in nuclear than wind & solar.

15. MIT Prof Ian Hutchinson: increasing nuclear

16. The cheapest PV panels are made in China. Few US manufacturing jobs.

17. Off-shore windmills and installation ships presently come from Europe. No US jobs
US windmills are vulnerable to hurricanes, not present in sea north of Germany.

18. How fear of nuclear power is hurting the
environment |
YouTube 2016 TED Talk by Michael Shellenberger
• Solar energy is available 26% of the time,
wind 33% of the time, and nuclear 98%.
• The world is decommissioning nuclear reactors
faster than the increase in wind and solar.
• To make up for this net decrease, we are
increasing our burning of fossil fuels, raising
carbon dioxide emissions, and warming our planet.
• This is particularly true in Germany

19. GLOBALLY: The 7%
decrease in Nuclear
generated electricity
is greater than the
+3.8% increase in
Solar & Wind.
To make up for the
difference, we are burning
more fossil fuels, which
increase our carbon
dioxide emissions .
This is particularly true in
Germany.

20. What is happening to the 94
nuclear reactors in the US ?
• They are generating 20% of
our electricity.
• Nuclear reactors generate
electricity 24/7 with no CO2
emissions.

21. The 94 US nuclear reactors are still generating 20% of our electricity with no CO2 emissions.
What is the future of nuclear in the US ?

22. • Although some US nuclear reactors have been retired, 4 new ones are being bult
• Westinghouse went bankrupt in the process of building the new large Vogtle and
Summer Reactors in Georgia and South Carolina.
• Low-cost small modular reactors (SMR) hold the best promise of increasing the US
nuclear reactors.

23. Co-Organizations: Idaho National Laboratory, Breakthrough Institute,
U of Wisconsin. Harvard U

24. MIT’s COOL SOLUTIONS:
• A reactor build-up (at an historically feasible rate)
could completely decarbonize the World’s power
sector within 30 years
• The energy storage costs needed to make wind and
solar 24/7 would make them up to four times more
expensive than with no reactors.
• Half the cost of constructing a new nuclear reactor is
in the steel-reinforced concrete structure.

25. Low-Cost 'Miniature', Modular Nuclear Power Plants. They can fit on the back of a truck.
JOSH HRALA 20 JAN 2017
Working with the US Department of Energy (DOE), NuScale Power, Portland, Oregon, plans
to build a 12-module plant in Idaho
The 77 MegaWatt design is approved by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and will be
mass produced to reduce cost.
Self contained light water reactor(s) installed in a concrete lined hole in the ground.
Water circulates by convection. Automatic shut down.
https://www.sciencealert.com/miniature-modular-nuclear-power-plants-are-being-implemented-in-the-us

26. Small modular reactor coolant circulates by convection.
No external pumps and operator intervention for safe shutdown.

27. Small modular rectors to replace coal-fired boilers that
produce steam to generate electricity.

28. Wyoming selected as site of new nuclear power
plant in partnership with Bill Gates' TerraPower
Jun 2, 2021
The state will house the first Natrium reactor in a
partnership with Gates’ TerraPower company, the U.S.
Department of Energy and PacifiCorp, Gov. Mark Gordon
announced Wednesday.
The reactor would be built within one of four retiring coal
power plants, signaling a greener energy future for a
Wyoming economy that has long relied on fossil fuels.
https://youtu.be/WXAK9yYmZa8 Bill Gates 3 minute video

31. http://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2017/3/27/15043522/nuclear-power-
future-innovation
LOWER COST

33. Electric Cars: Fun Saving our Planet
Chevy Bolt

34. MY ALL-ELECTRIC 2017 CHEVY BOLT EV
• 238 mile range after charging. (259 in 2021)
• Quite acceleration 0 to 60 mpg in 6.3 second, about ½ that
of Tesla Models S and X, but the Bolt’s cost is ½.
• The batteries, motor, and one-speed transmission were made
in S. Korea. This Bolt was assembled in Michigan.
• GM is betting big on batteries, new $2.3 B Plants in Ohio (& TN)

35. 8 year/100,000 mile
warranty on electric
propulsion unit
(battery)
The number of moving
parts in an electric motor
is an order of magnitude
less than an internal
combustion engine.
Electric motors are more
than twice as efficient as
internal combustion
engines (ICE).
High torque at low RPM.
No variable transmission.

37. The 94 US nuclear reactors are still generating 20% of our electricity with no CO2 emissions.
Need more nuclear and energy storage to reduce gas and coal 24/7

39. Lithium
battery
storage
for a few
hours,
not days.
CO2
emitting
Gas CC
Replaced
by
nuclear
for 24/7

40. MY U.S. PLAN for NET ZERO CARBON: NOW TO 2050
INTERMITTANT: Now to 2030.
-Immediately increase non-carbon wind and solar that are cheaper than fossil fuels
from about 10% (now) up to 30 %.
-The US Renewable Energy Lab has determined that
the electric grid can accommodate intermittent wind and solar up to 30%
- Immediate advances in battery, thermal, & green hydrogen storage.
24/7 BASELOAD
2030-2040 - Small modular and advanced fission reactors
replacing carbon emitting coal first then natural gas.
2040 – 2050 -Fusion nuclear reactors using new high-temperature
superconducting magnetic confinement. No radioactive waste.
- Deep-drilled geothermal wells.
To date, cheap natural gas has reduced carbon emissions by replacing coal.
2026: New natural gas turbines deployment should be slowed, however.
Utilities would continue to use them to recoup their capital cost instead of
converting to nuclear and stored solar and wind.

41. GREEN ENERGY’S ECONOMIC PROGRESS
• Environmental, social, and governance funds have
more than tripled to reach $2 Trillion.
• Three new “Mean Green” board members are forcing
Exxon to clean up its act.
• GM is betting big on batteries with a new $2.3 billion
plant in Ohio.
• Advances in electric vehicles and next-generation
nuclear reactors are helping the US achieve its goal of
reducing carbon emissions to net zero by 2050.