The basic reproductive system about vertebrates such as mammals, fishes, amphibians, reptiles and birds.

1. Male Reproductive system
in Vertebrates
Pavithra M
Department of Zoology
Avinashilingam University

2. There are five classification in
vertebrates
1)Pisces
2)Amphibians
3)Reptiles
4)Aves
5)Mammals

3. Pisces
▪ It is cold blooded animals
▪ Aquatic vertebrates with jaws
and fins
It is broadly divided in to
1) Cartilaginous fishes (chondrichthyes)
2) Bony fishes (osteichthyes)

4. Male Reproductive system in Pisces
Shark- Scoliodon sorrakowah (Cartilaginous fish)
▪ There are two testes, which are soft elongate and lobulated bodies,
attached by a peritonial wall.
▪ In anterior region of the kidney, the tubule lose their execratory function
and become connected with testis by tubules.
▪ The vasa efferentia, which are outgrowths partly of the testes and partly
of the kidney.
▪ The mesonephric duct is well developed and thrown in coils forming the
vas deferens, a duct for the passage of the sperm outside.

5. • The vasa deferens is dilated behind into a
seminal vesicle; and the two seminal vesicles
lead into urinogenital sinus opening into the
cloaca.
• There are two sperm sacs connected with the
urinogenital sinus, one on each sidee of the
ureter.
• Two grooves lead from the cloacal opening into
the claspers.
• Sperms pass from the testes by the vasa
efferentia and vasa deferentia to the seminal
vesicles, where they are stored up.
• In copulation, claspers are inserted into the
cloaca of the female and sperms passed into it.
• The sperm sac serve to force the sperms from
the cloaca into the claspers grooves.

6. Mullet- Mugil oeur (Bony fish)
▪ There are two elongated testes, extending on either
side of the posterior part of the body cavity.
▪ From each testes leads the vas deferens and the two
vasa deferentia joint behind to form a common duct
which opens into urinogenital sinus.
▪ Both the ova and sperms are discharged into water
and fertilization takes place outside the body of the
animal.

7. Amphibians
▪ These are cold blooded and live in both
land and water.
▪ Early development entirely in aquatic
▪ The skin is smooth and rough without
any scales.
▪ Amphibians includes frog, salamander,
ceacilian etc..

8. Male Reproductive system in RanaTemporaria (Frog )
▪ There are two testes, one on each side lying
ventral to the kidney attached to them by
folds of peritoneum called mesorchium.
▪ Each testes is a yellowish avoid body made
up of many seminiferous tubules held
together by connective tissue.
▪ Vasa efferentia arises from the inner margin
of the each testes and run into mesorchium
to enter into inner margin of the kidney.
▪ They become connected to the urinary
tubules, which join the ureter.
▪ The two ureters lead into cloaca which opens
outside by the cloacal aperture.
▪ The spermatozoa develop in testes and pass
through the vas efferentia into the tubules of the
kidney.
▪ The ureter in the male serve as a duct for urine
and sperms.

9. Reptiles
▪ It is evolved from amphibia.
▪ These are cold blooded animals
▪ They are horny and covering of scales.
▪ Eggs are laid always on land and never in
water.
▪ Green lizard, crocodile, etc.. are reptiles

10. ▪ A pair of testes are present to the inner face
of each epididymis.
▪ A long coiled tube continued behind into the
vas deferens, which joins the ureter at its
hind end before opening into the cloaca.
▪ The epididymis is the non renal part of the
kidney which is modified for the conducting
sperms.
▪ A pair of copulatory organs (penes) are
present on the ventral side of the tail.
▪ Each is a vascular eversible sac, into which
the sperms pass from the genital apertures
through the grooves.
Male Reproductive system in Calotes versicolor
(Garden lizard)

11. Aves
▪ This are warm blooded animals
▪ Bipedal vertebrates
▪ Exoskeleton is modified into feathers
▪ Forelimbs modified as wings

12. Male Reproductive system in Pigeon
▪ A pair of ovoid testes are present in front
of the kidneys and attached them by
folds of peritoneum.
▪ Each testes leads the vas deferens which
runs backwards along the outer side of
the ureter and opens into the urodaeum
on a small papilae
▪ The vas deferens is dilated into a vesicula
seminalis at its hind end.
▪ There is no copulatory organ.
▪ During copulation, the cloaca of the male
is closely opposed to that of the female.

13. MAMMALS
▪ The presence of hair or fur.
▪ Sweat glands.
▪ Glands specialized to produce milk,
known as mammary glands.
▪ Three middle ear bones.

14. ▪ The male reproductive system includes
testes, scrotum, spermatic ducts, sex
glands, and penis.
▪ All these organs work together to
produce sperms, male gamete, and other
components of semen.
▪ Penis and Urethra are a part of
reproductive and urinary systems.
▪ Scrotum, seminal vesicles, vas deferens,
testicles (testes), and prostate constitute
all the remaining reproductive system.
▪ The Penis has a root that is connected to
the structures of both the pelvic bones
and lower abdominal glands that has a
cone-shaped end.
▪ Urethra’s opening is the channel that
carries semen and urine and lies at the
tip of the penis.
Male Reproductive system in Humans