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The Information-Powered Health System
        Transforming Care Delivery with Data
Conflict of Interest Disclosure
                   David Katz, MD, JD

• Salary: Yes
• Royalty: NA
• Receipt of Intellectual Property Rights/Patent Holder: NA
• Consulting Fees (e.g., advisory boards): NA
• Fees for Non-CME Services Received Directly from a
  Commercial Interest or their Agents (e.g., speakers’ bureau):
  NA
• Contracted Research:NA
• Ownership Interest (stocks, stock options or other ownership
  interest excluding diversified mutual funds): Stock Holder
• Other: NA
Road Map for Discussion




1   Health IT Takes Center Stage




      2      Transforming Care Delivery with Data
             • Meeting the Meaningful Use Mandate
             • Building the Foundation for Analytics
             • Delivering Information-Powered Care




               3       Migrating to a New Business Model
1. Health IT Takes Center Stage
Market Force #1 – The New Health IT Mandate

                                          A Massive Infusion of “Obama Bucks”
                 Health IT Funding in Stimulus Bill Designed to Accelerate EHR Adoption
                                               Breakdown of Health IT Funding in 2009 HITECH Act1


                                                                      $2 B                     $36 B
                                                $34 B




                                           Provider EHR        Office of the National          Total
                                            Incentives         Coordinator for Health IT



                                               Hospital                   Health Information
                                               Incentives                 Exchange Grants

                                               Physician                  IT Support for
                                               Incentives                 Critical Access
                                                                          Facilities
1 Health Information Technology for Economic                                                    Source:   American Reinvestment and Recovery Act, 2009;
  and Clinical Health Act.                                                                                Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Market Force #2 – Payment Reform

           Health IT Only One Piece of the Larger Reform Agenda

                                   Timing and Impact of Health Reform Proposals

                    Expanding Coverage                   Promoting Efficiency                      Reducing Demand

                                                                                                                      Capitation
                                                                                            Comparative
                                                                                            Effectiveness
                                                                              Stimulus IT
                                                                              Incentives                             Disease
                                                                                                                   Management
                                                                Outcome-                    Medical
                                                                 Based                      Homes
                                                                Penalties
 Impact                                                                     Episode-
   on                                                                         Based
                                                    Bundled
Provider                                           Payments
                                                                            Payments
Business
                                                               At-Risk
                                                              Quality
                                                              Bonuses
                          Reduced DSH
               Employer    Payments
               Mandate
                                          Public
                           Individual      Plan
                            Mandate


                                                         Time

                                                                                                      Source: IT Insights interviews and analysis.
IT Backbone Essential to Transforming Care Delivery



                               Evolutionary Path of Payment Models
     Extensive


                 Capitation/
                 Shared Savings




                 Episodic
  Level of
                 Bundling
 Clinical IT
Integration


                 Pay for
                 Performance




      Minimal
                 Hospital                                                Care Continuum
                                     Span of Accountability
                                                                     Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
2. Transforming Care Delivery with Data
• Meeting the Meaningful Use Mandate
• Building the Foundation for Analytics
• Delivering Information-Powered Care
The Information-Powered Health System


                 I. Meeting the               II. Building the              III. Delivering
                 Meaningful Use               Foundation for                Information-
                    Mandate                       Analytics                 Powered Care

                                                                                       Preventing
                                                                                        Disease
                                                                       Elevating
                                                                      Care at the
                                                                        Bedside
                                                 Synthesizing
                                                 Clinical Data
                           Exchanging                                        Supporting
  Hospital               Data Across the                                    Chronic Care
Performance                Continuum                                        Management
              Reinforcing                   Ensuring Upskilling the
              Core Clinical                Data Quality Analytics
                Systems                                  Team

                       Maximizing
                         CPOE
                       Utilization

                                                     Time

                                                                             Source:    Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Meeting the Meaningful Use Mandate

            Unbundling the Mandates for Inpatient EHR Systems


                        Four Key Challenges to Achieving Meaningful Use Compliance



     Installing the Full Suite of Inpatient Systems                Looking Beyond Our Four Walls


I. Clearing the Hurdle for        II. Securing CPOE      III. Integrating Across          IV. Connecting Patients
   Core Clinical Systems               Adoption               the Continuum                     to Providers




                                                                             Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Meaningful Use Mandate #1

                                  Clearing the Hurdle for Core Clinical Systems
                         Looming Penalties Accelerating Replacement of Outmoded IT Systems

                                            Common Concerns in Achieving Meaningful Use Compliance


           Lacking Key Components                                 Certification in Question           Insufficient Legacy Systems




       • Clinical system missing some                          • Homegrown system                  • Legacy systems lack
         or all ancillary systems                                functionalities insufficient to     integration capabilities to
                                                                 meet meaningful use                 aggregate data for reporting
       • Documentation system
         lacking, unable to interface                          • Core system unable to gain        • Older software lacking
         with existing systems                                   CCHIT1 certification                necessary functionality

       • Central data repository not                           • System architecture               • Vendor no longer supports
         present or without                                      incompatible with needed            upgrades, is out of business
         interoperability functionalities                        components




1   Certifying Commission for Health Information Technology.                                       Source   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Meaningful Use Mandate #2

                                Securing CPOE Adoption
               Few Hospitals with CPOE, Even Fewer with Strong Utilization

      Percentage of Hospitals                                    Percentage of Orders Entered by
        with CPOE in Place                                       Physicians in Hospitals with CPOE
          Third Quarter 2009                                                             n = 199
                                                          57%




                                                                                                                           27%
                                11%
                                                                                 8%                    8%


                                                       20% or Less 30% - 50% 60% - 80%     90+%
                                                       Entered by Entered by Entered by Entered by
                                                        Physicians Physicians Physicians Physicians




                                             Source:    HIMSS Analytics EMR Adoption Model, August 2009; College of Health Information
                                                        Management Executives, “Summary of CHIME Member Survey on Adoption of CPOE,”
                                                        July 2009, available at www.cio-chime.org; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Rethinking Traditional Staffing to Ensure Successful Adoption
                     Hospitals Leveraging Informaticists to Ease Transition to Digital Medicine
                     Key Components of CPOE Process Redesign Success at Hollop University Health System1

                       Hired Chief Medical              Recruited Team                     Incented Physicians
                 1                                  2                                 3
                       Information Officer              of Informaticists                  to Actively Participate




             Addition of physician                Informaticists serve as liaison   Existing program providing
             executive builds                     between clinical, IT staff        compensation to clinicians who
             credibility with physicians          ensuring system compatibility     work on quality improvement
             and other clinical leaders           with true care delivery process   expanded to include contribution
                                                                                    to designing digital care pathways

                     Case in Brief
                     Hollop University Health System
                     • Eight-hospital health system located in the Midwest
                     • Leadership identified conversion of care processes from paper to digital as a key challenge
                     • Added new staff, provided incentives for physician participation to address problems with
                       conversion


1   Pseudonym.                                                                            Source:   Innovation Center interviews and analysis.
Meaningful Use Mandate #3

              Integrating Providers Across the Continuum
         Two-Way Data Flow the New Standard for Hospital-Physician Connectivity
           “An Antiquated Approach”   “The Basic Option”      “The Emerging Baseline”


                                                                  Bi-directional
                                                                    Exchange




                                        Provider Portal         Patient health
Value                                                           records updated in
               Fax Transmission                                 acute care and
                                                                ambulatory settings



                                       Physicians provided
                                       with read-only
               Medical records,        access to inpatient
               diagnostic results      EHR
               faxed to providers

                                       Level of Integration
                                                              Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Building Virtual Integrated Networks
                     Health Systems Leveraging Integration Engines to Facilitate Data Exchange

                                               Array of Provider-Led Integration Initiatives



                                                                             Seven-hospital Spectrum
         42-hospital Catholic
                                                                             Health using Medicity Novo
         Healthcare West
                                               Three-hospital Exempla        Grid solution to connect with
         funding multiple
                                               Healthcare linking to         independent practices
         regional integration
                                               ambulatory EHRs using
         initiatives
                                               Medicity Novo Grid
                                                                                                               20-hospital UPMC1
                                                                                                               partnering with dbMotion to
                                                                          300-bed Silver Cross                 integrate clinic-based EHRs
                                                                          Hospital installed
                        500-bed Hoag                                      Mirth integration
                        Memorial creating                                 engine to integrate
                        network with over                                 lab data for physician
                        1,000 independent                                 offices
                        practices




                                                                             Source:   Howard, AJ, “The Hospital as the Network Hub,” Health Data Management,
1   University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.                                           August 2008; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Meaningful Use Mandate #4

                                     Connecting Patients to Providers
                                     Next-Generation PHRs Beginning to Emerge
                           Key Features of Milliways Regional Hospital1 Personal Health Record

                          EMR Driven                     Easy Portability                    Branding Value




                      PHR is updated with             Patient can authorize              PHR is accessed via
                      information from                access to record for               hospital-branded
                      the hospital’s EMR              any physician with                 website, building
                                                      access to HealthVault              greater patient loyalty



                 Case in Brief
                 Milliways Regional Hospital
                 • 2,500-bed hospital located in the Southwest
                 • Developed PHR in partnership with Microsoft HealthVault
                 • Piloted with cardiac surgery patients, ultimately to be offered to all hospital patients



1   Pseudonym.                                                                          Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Banking on Clinical IT to Elevate Performance

                        Maximizing                                      Leveraging Clinical
                    Administrative Systems                             Information Systems




                                                                                                                         Potential
                                            Revenue Cycle                                                              Performance
                                            Management                                                                     Gap
 Impact on                     Staffing
Performance                  Productivity
              Supply Chain
              Management




                                                   IT Sophistication



                                                                                   Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
The Information-Powered Health System


                 I. Meeting the               II. Building the              III. Delivering
                 Meaningful Use               Foundation for                Information-
                    Mandate                       Analytics                 Powered Care

                                                                                       Preventing
                                                                                        Disease
                                                                       Elevating
                                                                      Care at the
                                                                        Bedside
                                                 Synthesizing
                                                 Clinical Data
                           Exchanging                                        Supporting
  Hospital               Data Across the                                    Chronic Care
Performance                Continuum                                        Management
              Reinforcing                   Ensuring Upskilling the
              Core Clinical                Data Quality Analytics
                Systems                                  Team

                       Maximizing
                         CPOE
                       Utilization

                                                     Time

                                                                             Source:    Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Technical Hurdles Hindering Analysis


                                     Common Challenges to Developing a Robust Analytics Platform

                Inconsistent Data Quality            Siloed Information Systems         Time-Consuming Reporting


                            “Jonathan Smith”

             ICU                                          CIS1           ADT

                            “Jon Smith”
                                                         Pharm          Billing
       Registration                                                                              PENDING          COMPLETE



                            “Smith, Jon H.”
        Pharmacy

             Data not consistently                    Data locked in disparate        Report generation technically
             documented, lack of                      systems, unable to              challenging, limiting widespread
             standardized definitions                 aggregate for analysis          adoption of analytics




1   Clinical information systems.                                                      Source:    Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Establishing the Data Quality Baseline

                       Build a Dedicated Data Management Infrastructure
                                  Committees Tackle Nettlesome Data Quality Issues

                                                        Enterprise Data
                                                      Steering Committee
                                                                                 • Ensures alignment of data
                                                                                   management efforts
                                                                                 • Supervises data committees
                                                                                   and workgroups

                         Data Quality                 Metric Management                   Systems Integration
                         Committee                        Committee                           Committee

                 • Conducts data quality audits   • Constructs data dictionary       • Manages data extraction,
                 • Evaluates structured           • Defines enterprise metrics         transformation, and
                   documentation                  • Supervises core measure            loading
                 • Supervises data stewards         workgroup                        • Supervises data
                                                                                       warehouse workgroup

                        Case in Brief
                        Zellerbach Health System1
                         • 400-bed hospital located in the Northeast
                         • Identified need for comprehensive data management strategy to improve
                           reliability and usefulness of clinical data

1   Pseudonym.                                                                          Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Aggregating Data for Meaningful Analysis

                              Divergent Approaches to Pooling Clinical Data



                         Data Warehousing Strategy                        Data Mart Strategy
            Central repository to support diverse analyses   Discrete solutions to analyze specific questions



                  Ancillaries            ADT          CIS1        Ancillaries       ADT                   CIS1




                                    Enterprise Data          Diabetes                                      Pneumonia
                                                                                 Surgery
                                      Warehouse              Data Mart                                      Data Mart
                                                                                Data Mart




1   Clinical information systems.                                                Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Significant Cost Differential Between Approaches
          Data Mart the Low-Cost Option, but Not Without Limitations

    Data Infrastructure Costs             Potential Drawbacks to Data Mart Strategy
    Average 300-Bed Hospital
                                                       Data Specificity
                                $1.5 M                 Requires greater understanding
                                                       of specific data elements
                                                       needed for desired analysis

                                                       Analytical Scope
                      $190K -
                      $560K                            Limits scope of analysis to
$70K -   $450 K                                        data elements defined
$295K                                                  during development

                                                       Pattern Recognition
 Technology                Labor                       Fails to identify dependent
                                                       relationships extending beyond
                                                       the scope of the mart
    Data Marts        Data Warehouse




                                                          Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Push Analytics to the Front Line
Success Dependent on Ensuring Accessible Information for Key Decision Makers

     Normalizing the Data                           Creating Effective Analytical Tools




                                                    Role-Based                     Critical
                                                    Dashboards                     Alerts



                              Data
                            Repository
          Source                                    Drill-Down             Pre-programmed
         Systems                                     Reports                   Queries




                            Expanding Data Access
 Technical Staff                                                             Clinical Leaders




                                                              Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
No Shortage of Vendor Solutions

        Representative Vendor Offerings


  Business Objects
  Integrated enterprise data warehouse platform that includes query, analysis,
  dashboard, and predictive analytics capabilities; provides performance
  management tools related to financial consolidation, spend analytics, and
  business planning


  Compass Tools
  Web-based BI tools providing robust data collection, real-time decision
  support, advanced analytical capabilities, and dedicated advisor support;
  includes financial, operational, and clinical analytical solutions



  PowerInsight
  Enterprise data warehouse built on the Cerner Millennium data model that
  includes Web-based dashboards with enterprise-wide view of performance
  measures; includes 600 predefined performance measures across four topic
  areas: clinical, regulatory, operational, and financial



                                      Source:   Cerner, available at http://www.cerner.com, accessed June 23, 2009;
                                                SAP, available at http://www.sap.com, accessed June 23, 2009;
                                                Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Organizational Hurdles Hindering Analytics


                            Common Challenges to Staffing the Analytics Effort


    Widening Skills Gap                         Redundant                            Unfocused
                                              Analytical Efforts                 Analytical Initiatives

             Staff Skills
         
         
         
                                            MRSA          MRSA
                                            Report        Report


Lack of clinical expertise or           Lack of staff cooperation or      Ad hoc analytical efforts
background limits analytical            integration results in            limit impact, potential
sophistication of clinical              redundant, potentially            misalignment with strategic
data sources                            contradictory analyses            priorities




                                                                           Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Cultivating Internal Analytics Expertise

                Requiring More Advanced Analytical Expertise

                                                    Range of Informatics Specialists
                          Implementation-                                                                      Analytics-
                          Focused                                                                              Focused

                          Health Informaticist         Medical Informaticist                   Bioinformaticist
                                                                  EBM




Role                  Intermediary between          Internal “developer” of             Clinical expert who
                      clinicians and IT team in     analytic tools that improve         leverages genetic data to
                      development of clinical IT    the clinical decision-making        improve disease
                      systems                       process                             detection and prevention
Background            • Physician                   • Physician                         • Physician
                      • Nurse                       • Nurse                             • Biostatistician
                      • Computer programmer         • Computer programmer

Training              Master’s degree in clinical   Master’s degree in clinical         Master’s degree, PhD in
                      informatics                   informatics                         bioinformatics
Typical               • Deploy EHR systems          • Build decision support            • DNA sequencing
Projects              • Develop CPOE systems          tools                             • Genetic modeling
                                                    • Develop evidence-based
                                                      care systems


                                                                                   Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Taking Staff Competencies to the Next Level

     Data and Information Management Enhancement (DIME) Program Overview

          Walking in Their Shoes                         Elevating Communication Competencies




• Shadow physicians, business leaders for             • Participate in Toastmasters to improve
  eight half days to better understand                  communication and presentation skills
  clinical operations across care continuum           • Train with communications coach on
• Identify how users interact with systems              conveying complex analyses and
  and analytical needs                                  improving active listening skills to better
                                                        understand, identify client needs



Case in Brief
Kaiser Permanente Northwest
• Integrated delivery system based in Portland, Oregon
• Developed robust skills training for analytical staff to foster internal development of
  advanced analytical talent


                                                                       Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Upskilling the Analytics Team
           Supplementing Baseline Analytical Skills with Advanced Training
                   Ongoing Analytics Training at Kaiser Permanente Northwest




                  Advanced Technical Training                      Professional Engagement


Σ
 n
                  Learn advanced business                         Participate in professional
      (x1 – μ)2
                  intelligence tools,                             societies, conferences; attend
          n
k=1               simulation modeling                             vendor-sponsored user summits


                                                                   Ongoing Development
                  Continuing Education
                  Attend doctoral courses in
                                                     Individual   Develop annual individual
                                                    Development
                  dynamic simulation modeling at        Plan
                                                                  development plan for ongoing
                  local university                                skills advancement




                                                                     Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Consolidating Clinical Improvement Expertise

                                   Overcoming Organizational Silos

                     Previous Organizational Model                     Reorganized Department Structure

               CNO               CIO                  COO                     Clinical Improvement
                                                                                   Department

                                                                                  Provide advanced analytical
                                                                                  services for entire system

                                                                                  Serve as internal consultants
                                                                                  on process improvement,
          Quality              Clinical         Performance
                                                                                  Lean redesign
       Improvement           Informatics        Acceleration

                                                                                  Deliver quality
                                                                                  improvement education
                                                                                  sessions to staff


                        Case in Brief
                        Haas Health1
                        • Five-hospital health system located in the West
                        • Reorganized departments to reduce duplication and leverage synergies
                        • between staff to enhance performance improvement efforts


1 Pseudonym.                                                                     Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Creating a One-Stop Clinical Improvement Shop


                                       Benefits of an Integrated Model



                                                          Acting as the Single Source of Truth for Data
                                                          • Consistent data collection, analysis
                                                            methodology ensures data reliability,
                                                            validity
                        Clinical                          • Specialized informaticists ensure
                     Informaticists                         high-quality analysis



                                                          Increasing Impact of Analytical Initiatives
  Performance                        Quality              • Adept staff able to quickly translate
Acceleration Staff              Improvement Staff           findings into actionable improvement
                                                          • Continual monitoring, refinement of
                                                            process ensures sustained gains




                                                                             Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
The Information-Powered Health System


                 I. Meeting the               II. Building the            III. Delivering
                 Meaningful Use               Foundation for              Information-
                    Mandate                       Analytics               Powered Care

                                                                                      Preventing
                                                                                       Disease

                                                                      Treating
                                                                      Disease
                                                 Synthesizing
                                                 Clinical Data
                           Exchanging                                        Managing
  Hospital               Data Across the                                      Disease
Performance                Continuum

              Reinforcing                   Ensuring Upskilling the
              Core Clinical                Data Quality Analytics
                                                         Team
                Systems

                       Maximizing
                         CPOE
                       Utilization

                                                     Time

                                                                            Source:    Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Treating Disease

                                     Combating Pneumonia with Analytics
                               Vanderbilt Developing Next-Generation Treatment Algorithms


                       Data Aggregation               Automated Algorithms                                         Staff Alerts

                                                       Ms.Wu                  VAP
                                                                             Bundle
                               EHR                              vs.




               Pulls data from nurse              Identifies gaps in documented                        Displays overdue
               documentation, CPOE,               care against recommended                             treatments in color-coded
               and respiratory therapy            VAP1 management bundle                               dashboard on ICU computer
               systems into EHR                                                                        screensaver and EHR


                         Case in Brief
                         Vanderbilt Medical Center
                        • 600-bed academic medical center located in Nashville, Tennessee
                        • Developed automated electronic dashboard to display real-time patient status for
                          compliance with evidence-based ventilator management bundle

                                                               Source:   Starmer J, et al., “A Real-Time Ventilator Management Dashboard: Toward Hardwiring
                                                                         Compliance with Evidence-based Guidelines,” American Medical Informatics Association Annual
1 Ventilator-associated pneumonia.                                       Symposium Proceedings Archive, 2008; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Automating Best Practice Yields Impressive Results



                           VAP Dashboard Pilot Results            Next Areas of Focus at Vanderbilt
                                October 2007 – August 2008

                           VAP Rate           Estimated Cost
                           Reduction            Reduction
                                                                                                 Catheter
                                                                Patient Falls
                                                                                              Associated UTIs1
                                (41%)



                                             ($1.9 - $3.5 M)

                                                                                                 Blood Stream
                                                               Pressure Ulcers                     Infections




                                                                            Source:   Govern P, “ICU Teams Drastically Reduce Vent-Related
                                                                                      Pneumonia Rates,” Reporter, February 13, 2009;
1   Urinary tract infections.                                                         Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Managing Disease

                                  Supporting the Front Lines of Care
         Health Information Exchange Supports Analytical Platform for Care Management

                Care Management                                                        Proactive Patient
                 Decision Support                                                         Outreach




                                                    Bowles Health
        • Disease registry to manage                 Information                 • Notifications to remind
          chronically ill population                  Exchange1                    overdue, non-compliant
        • Treatment alerts to                                                      patients
          maximize patient visits                                                • Patient education, self-
        • Quality reporting tools to                                               management tools to
          identify opportunities for                                               increase compliance
                                           PMS2     EHR      Lab     eRX
          improvement                                                            • Health coaching to
                                                                                   reinforce care plan
               Case in Brief
                Bowles Health Information Exhange
                • Not-for-profit health information exchange located in the East
                • Leverages claims data mining software to generate customized disease dashboards for
                  participating physicians, enhance outreach to chronically-ill patients

1   Pseudonym.
2   Practice management system.                                                  Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Pinpointing Gaps in the Chronic Care Continuum
             Data Mining Tool Facilitates Tracking of Chronically Ill Patients



Member Hospitals                       Data Mining Infrastructure                        Sample Reports

                                                                                                   Readmissions
                                                                                                   Report
                                                 Regional
                                Claims            Master
                               Database           Patient                                          ED Utilization
                                                   Index                                           Report

                                                                                                   Chronic Care
                                                                                                   Continuum Gap
                                                                                                   Assessment

     Project in Brief
      Dallas Fort-Worth Regional Enterprise Master Patient Index
      • First-of-its-kind regional patient index created by the Dallas-Fort Worth Hospital Council
        Education and Research Foundation using QuadraMed software
      • Facilitates tracking of readmissions patterns, ED utilization, and other service utilization
        by specific patients across 75 hospitals in the North Texas region

                                                                               Source:   Dallas-Fort Worth Hospital Council;
                                                                                         Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Next-Generation Remote Monitoring
        Wiring the Patient Home to Continuously Monitor Patient Health



      Hallway sensors
      monitor gait and
      mobility
                                                                                                    Sensors capture
                                                                                                    variations in mobility
Computer kiosk
assesses cognitive
function



  Case in Brief
  Oregon Center for Aging and Technology (ORCATECH)
  • Part of the Oregon Health & Sciences University located in Portland, Oregon
  • Established in 2004 to provide an infrastructure for developing technologies to support
    independent aging
  • Partners with senior living communities to provide living laboratories for testing
    home-care technologies

                                              Source:   Oregon Center for Aging and Technology (ORCATECH), available at www.orcatech.org,
                                                        accessed August 11, 2009; Kaye J, “Technology and the Aging Brain: New Approaches to
                                                        Understanding Change,” ORCATECH; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Detecting the Subtle Signs of Cognitive Decline


               Collecting Data on Daily Routines                     Analyzing the Data to Assess Risk



                                                                                                      Indications of
                                                                                                      Normal Aging

                      Daily                       Computer                                            Early Warning
                                                              Long-Term Change
                     Mobility                       Use                                                    Signs
                                                                  Algorithm

                                                                                                     Evidence of
                                                                                                  Cognitive Decline1


                 Medication                         Sleep
                 Adherence                         Patterns

                  Study in Brief
                   • ORCATECH research funded by National Institute on Aging and Intel Corporation2
                   • Leveraging longitudinal data generated by home-based seniors to detect early onset of
                     dementia, Alzheimer's disease

1 For example, potential dementia or Alzheimer’s disease.                          Source:   ORCATECH, “Algorithms for Long-Term Change,”
2 Research funded by National Institute on Aging grants                                      available http://www.orcatech.org, accessed August 11,
  AG024978, AG024059, AG008017.                                                              2009; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Preventing Disease

                            Unearthing Latent Risks with Predictive Modeling
                                       CMM1 Identifies At-Risk Patients in (Near) Real-Time

                               Rad         ADT
                                                 Automated algorithm                                                    If proper care
                                     CMM         pulls patient data to                                                  outstanding, alert sent
                                                 generate list of those at                                              to pharmacy, nursing
                                                 risk for pneumonia                                                     unit to assess patient
                              Lab          Rx


                 Patient Admission               Risk Assessment                 System Verification                            Clinical Alert

                                                                                   CMM
                                                                                                         Rx
                                                                              CMM validates findings
                    Elderly patient                                           by querying pharmacy
                    admitted for                                              to check if appropriate
                    hip fracture                                              medications dispensed

                   Case in Brief
                   Sutter Medical Center, Sacramento
                   • 306-bed hospital located in Sacramento, California
                   • Developed Core Measure Manager (CMM) to identify at-risk pneumonia patients


                                                          Source:   Niemi K, et al., “Implementation and Evaluation of Electronic Clinical Decision Support for Compliance with
                                                                    Pneumonia and Heart Failure Quality Indicators,” American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 2006 (66)
1   Core measure manager.                                           4: 389-397; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Seeking to Eradicate Heart Disease
               Tolman Health1 Leverages EHR for Community-Wide CV Prevention Effort
        Generating the health profile of a community…              …to improve targeting of interventions

                                                                         Advanced Diagnostics

                                                                     Calcium                                CT
                                                                     Scoring                                Angiography


                                                                 Primary/Secondary Prevention Efforts

         Remote           Genetic       Medical                      Weight                                 Medication
      Monitoring Data   Information     History                      Management                             Management
                                                                     Classes



                  Case in Brief
                  Tolman Health System
                   • Five-hospital health system located in the Midwest
                   • Partnering with public health agency, community organizations on wide-scale
                     cardiovascular disease prevention initiative for a local community



1 Pseudonym.                                                                   Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
3. Migrating to a New Business Model
Shouldering the Cost, Sharing the Benefits


Distribution of Ongoing IT Costs by Stakeholder          Distribution of Net Benefits by Stakeholder


                                 Payers and Other
                            3%
                                   Stakeholders                                                             Payers and Other
                                                                                                              Stakeholders




                                                                            39%                         61%

                                                    Health Care
                      97%
                                                     Providers


        Health Care
         Providers




                                                        Source:   Walker J, “The Value of Health Care Information Exchange and Interoperability,”
                                                                  Health Affairs, January 19, 2005; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Leveraging IT to Develop New Product Lines

                                             Striking into the Insurer’s Domain
                                 Wellness Services Distinguished by Robust Analytical Foundation
                            Differentiating on Data-Driven Approach        Continuously Refining Risk Stratification

                                                                                    Claims          Pharm
                                            Electronic care
                                            management system
                                                                                     HRAs1            CIS2
                        n

                      Σk=1
                             (x1 – μ)2
                                 n
                                            Proprietary algorithms for
                                            medication management



                                     Data   Data mining infrastructure,
                                     Mart   predictive modeling software


                     Case in Brief
                     Clarian Healthy Results
                      • Separate subsidiary within Clarian Health, an integrated delivery network based in
                        Indianapolis, Indiana
                      • Developed corporate employee wellness division based on the data-driven success of
                        own internal wellness program

1   Health risk assessments.
2   Clinical information systems.                                                        Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Delivering ROI to Employers
       Clarian’s Healthy Results Division Reining in Employee Health Costs


Total Contracts and Covered Lives                 Medical Claims Expense Growth
Healthy Results Contracting Success                 Representative Client Results


                                30,000

                                                     8.0%
                                                                                 6.1%

                        4,500

           13
   4

 Total Contracts        Covered Lives             Pre-Contract                Year One


            2008           2009




                                                             Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Pursuing Risk-Based Contracting

                          Making the Case for a Capitated Contract
                   Health System Highlights IT-Driven Care Management Capabilities



                         Health IT Assets                                Hospitalizations per 1,000
                                                                             Diabetic Patients
                                 Chronic Disease
                                 Management System
                                                                            370
                                 Remote Monitoring,                                                 315
                                 Telehealth


                                 Physician Performance                     2005                    2007
                                 Monitoring


               Case in Brief
               Sproul Health Network1
               • Three-hospital health system located in the Midwest
               • Demonstrated success in using health IT for population health management
               • Supporting system efforts to transform business model and negotiate capitated contracts

1 Pseudonym.                                                                      Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
Realizing the Clinical and Strategic Value of IT




                                                                    Advanced
                                                                    Analytics
Impact
on Care                                          Patient-Provider
Delivery                                           Connectivity


                               Integrated
                              Information
                                Exchange
            Point of Care
           Decision Support

                                            IT Investment



                                                                     Source:   Innovations Center interviews and analysis.

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The Information-Powered Health System

  • 1. The Information-Powered Health System Transforming Care Delivery with Data
  • 2. Conflict of Interest Disclosure David Katz, MD, JD • Salary: Yes • Royalty: NA • Receipt of Intellectual Property Rights/Patent Holder: NA • Consulting Fees (e.g., advisory boards): NA • Fees for Non-CME Services Received Directly from a Commercial Interest or their Agents (e.g., speakers’ bureau): NA • Contracted Research:NA • Ownership Interest (stocks, stock options or other ownership interest excluding diversified mutual funds): Stock Holder • Other: NA
  • 3. Road Map for Discussion 1 Health IT Takes Center Stage 2 Transforming Care Delivery with Data • Meeting the Meaningful Use Mandate • Building the Foundation for Analytics • Delivering Information-Powered Care 3 Migrating to a New Business Model
  • 4. 1. Health IT Takes Center Stage
  • 5. Market Force #1 – The New Health IT Mandate A Massive Infusion of “Obama Bucks” Health IT Funding in Stimulus Bill Designed to Accelerate EHR Adoption Breakdown of Health IT Funding in 2009 HITECH Act1 $2 B $36 B $34 B Provider EHR Office of the National Total Incentives Coordinator for Health IT Hospital Health Information Incentives Exchange Grants Physician IT Support for Incentives Critical Access Facilities 1 Health Information Technology for Economic Source: American Reinvestment and Recovery Act, 2009; and Clinical Health Act. Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 6. Market Force #2 – Payment Reform Health IT Only One Piece of the Larger Reform Agenda Timing and Impact of Health Reform Proposals Expanding Coverage Promoting Efficiency Reducing Demand Capitation Comparative Effectiveness Stimulus IT Incentives Disease Management Outcome- Medical Based Homes Penalties Impact Episode- on Based Bundled Provider Payments Payments Business At-Risk Quality Bonuses Reduced DSH Employer Payments Mandate Public Individual Plan Mandate Time Source: IT Insights interviews and analysis.
  • 7. IT Backbone Essential to Transforming Care Delivery Evolutionary Path of Payment Models Extensive Capitation/ Shared Savings Episodic Level of Bundling Clinical IT Integration Pay for Performance Minimal Hospital Care Continuum Span of Accountability Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 8. 2. Transforming Care Delivery with Data • Meeting the Meaningful Use Mandate • Building the Foundation for Analytics • Delivering Information-Powered Care
  • 9. The Information-Powered Health System I. Meeting the II. Building the III. Delivering Meaningful Use Foundation for Information- Mandate Analytics Powered Care Preventing Disease Elevating Care at the Bedside Synthesizing Clinical Data Exchanging Supporting Hospital Data Across the Chronic Care Performance Continuum Management Reinforcing Ensuring Upskilling the Core Clinical Data Quality Analytics Systems Team Maximizing CPOE Utilization Time Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 10. Meeting the Meaningful Use Mandate Unbundling the Mandates for Inpatient EHR Systems Four Key Challenges to Achieving Meaningful Use Compliance Installing the Full Suite of Inpatient Systems Looking Beyond Our Four Walls I. Clearing the Hurdle for II. Securing CPOE III. Integrating Across IV. Connecting Patients Core Clinical Systems Adoption the Continuum to Providers Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 11. Meaningful Use Mandate #1 Clearing the Hurdle for Core Clinical Systems Looming Penalties Accelerating Replacement of Outmoded IT Systems Common Concerns in Achieving Meaningful Use Compliance Lacking Key Components Certification in Question Insufficient Legacy Systems • Clinical system missing some • Homegrown system • Legacy systems lack or all ancillary systems functionalities insufficient to integration capabilities to meet meaningful use aggregate data for reporting • Documentation system lacking, unable to interface • Core system unable to gain • Older software lacking with existing systems CCHIT1 certification necessary functionality • Central data repository not • System architecture • Vendor no longer supports present or without incompatible with needed upgrades, is out of business interoperability functionalities components 1 Certifying Commission for Health Information Technology. Source Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 12. Meaningful Use Mandate #2 Securing CPOE Adoption Few Hospitals with CPOE, Even Fewer with Strong Utilization Percentage of Hospitals Percentage of Orders Entered by with CPOE in Place Physicians in Hospitals with CPOE Third Quarter 2009 n = 199 57% 27% 11% 8% 8% 20% or Less 30% - 50% 60% - 80% 90+% Entered by Entered by Entered by Entered by Physicians Physicians Physicians Physicians Source: HIMSS Analytics EMR Adoption Model, August 2009; College of Health Information Management Executives, “Summary of CHIME Member Survey on Adoption of CPOE,” July 2009, available at www.cio-chime.org; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 13. Rethinking Traditional Staffing to Ensure Successful Adoption Hospitals Leveraging Informaticists to Ease Transition to Digital Medicine Key Components of CPOE Process Redesign Success at Hollop University Health System1 Hired Chief Medical Recruited Team Incented Physicians 1 2 3 Information Officer of Informaticists to Actively Participate Addition of physician Informaticists serve as liaison Existing program providing executive builds between clinical, IT staff compensation to clinicians who credibility with physicians ensuring system compatibility work on quality improvement and other clinical leaders with true care delivery process expanded to include contribution to designing digital care pathways Case in Brief Hollop University Health System • Eight-hospital health system located in the Midwest • Leadership identified conversion of care processes from paper to digital as a key challenge • Added new staff, provided incentives for physician participation to address problems with conversion 1 Pseudonym. Source: Innovation Center interviews and analysis.
  • 14. Meaningful Use Mandate #3 Integrating Providers Across the Continuum Two-Way Data Flow the New Standard for Hospital-Physician Connectivity “An Antiquated Approach” “The Basic Option” “The Emerging Baseline” Bi-directional Exchange Provider Portal Patient health Value records updated in Fax Transmission acute care and ambulatory settings Physicians provided with read-only Medical records, access to inpatient diagnostic results EHR faxed to providers Level of Integration Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 15. Building Virtual Integrated Networks Health Systems Leveraging Integration Engines to Facilitate Data Exchange Array of Provider-Led Integration Initiatives Seven-hospital Spectrum 42-hospital Catholic Health using Medicity Novo Healthcare West Three-hospital Exempla Grid solution to connect with funding multiple Healthcare linking to independent practices regional integration ambulatory EHRs using initiatives Medicity Novo Grid 20-hospital UPMC1 partnering with dbMotion to 300-bed Silver Cross integrate clinic-based EHRs Hospital installed 500-bed Hoag Mirth integration Memorial creating engine to integrate network with over lab data for physician 1,000 independent offices practices Source: Howard, AJ, “The Hospital as the Network Hub,” Health Data Management, 1 University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. August 2008; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 16. Meaningful Use Mandate #4 Connecting Patients to Providers Next-Generation PHRs Beginning to Emerge Key Features of Milliways Regional Hospital1 Personal Health Record EMR Driven Easy Portability Branding Value PHR is updated with Patient can authorize PHR is accessed via information from access to record for hospital-branded the hospital’s EMR any physician with website, building access to HealthVault greater patient loyalty Case in Brief Milliways Regional Hospital • 2,500-bed hospital located in the Southwest • Developed PHR in partnership with Microsoft HealthVault • Piloted with cardiac surgery patients, ultimately to be offered to all hospital patients 1 Pseudonym. Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 17. Banking on Clinical IT to Elevate Performance Maximizing Leveraging Clinical Administrative Systems Information Systems Potential Revenue Cycle Performance Management Gap Impact on Staffing Performance Productivity Supply Chain Management IT Sophistication Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 18. The Information-Powered Health System I. Meeting the II. Building the III. Delivering Meaningful Use Foundation for Information- Mandate Analytics Powered Care Preventing Disease Elevating Care at the Bedside Synthesizing Clinical Data Exchanging Supporting Hospital Data Across the Chronic Care Performance Continuum Management Reinforcing Ensuring Upskilling the Core Clinical Data Quality Analytics Systems Team Maximizing CPOE Utilization Time Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 19. Technical Hurdles Hindering Analysis Common Challenges to Developing a Robust Analytics Platform Inconsistent Data Quality Siloed Information Systems Time-Consuming Reporting “Jonathan Smith” ICU CIS1 ADT “Jon Smith” Pharm Billing Registration PENDING COMPLETE “Smith, Jon H.” Pharmacy Data not consistently Data locked in disparate Report generation technically documented, lack of systems, unable to challenging, limiting widespread standardized definitions aggregate for analysis adoption of analytics 1 Clinical information systems. Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 20. Establishing the Data Quality Baseline Build a Dedicated Data Management Infrastructure Committees Tackle Nettlesome Data Quality Issues Enterprise Data Steering Committee • Ensures alignment of data management efforts • Supervises data committees and workgroups Data Quality Metric Management Systems Integration Committee Committee Committee • Conducts data quality audits • Constructs data dictionary • Manages data extraction, • Evaluates structured • Defines enterprise metrics transformation, and documentation • Supervises core measure loading • Supervises data stewards workgroup • Supervises data warehouse workgroup Case in Brief Zellerbach Health System1 • 400-bed hospital located in the Northeast • Identified need for comprehensive data management strategy to improve reliability and usefulness of clinical data 1 Pseudonym. Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 21. Aggregating Data for Meaningful Analysis Divergent Approaches to Pooling Clinical Data Data Warehousing Strategy Data Mart Strategy Central repository to support diverse analyses Discrete solutions to analyze specific questions Ancillaries ADT CIS1 Ancillaries ADT CIS1 Enterprise Data Diabetes Pneumonia Surgery Warehouse Data Mart Data Mart Data Mart 1 Clinical information systems. Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 22. Significant Cost Differential Between Approaches Data Mart the Low-Cost Option, but Not Without Limitations Data Infrastructure Costs Potential Drawbacks to Data Mart Strategy Average 300-Bed Hospital Data Specificity $1.5 M Requires greater understanding of specific data elements needed for desired analysis Analytical Scope $190K - $560K Limits scope of analysis to $70K - $450 K data elements defined $295K during development Pattern Recognition Technology Labor Fails to identify dependent relationships extending beyond the scope of the mart Data Marts Data Warehouse Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 23. Push Analytics to the Front Line Success Dependent on Ensuring Accessible Information for Key Decision Makers Normalizing the Data Creating Effective Analytical Tools Role-Based Critical Dashboards Alerts Data Repository Source Drill-Down Pre-programmed Systems Reports Queries Expanding Data Access Technical Staff Clinical Leaders Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 24. No Shortage of Vendor Solutions Representative Vendor Offerings Business Objects Integrated enterprise data warehouse platform that includes query, analysis, dashboard, and predictive analytics capabilities; provides performance management tools related to financial consolidation, spend analytics, and business planning Compass Tools Web-based BI tools providing robust data collection, real-time decision support, advanced analytical capabilities, and dedicated advisor support; includes financial, operational, and clinical analytical solutions PowerInsight Enterprise data warehouse built on the Cerner Millennium data model that includes Web-based dashboards with enterprise-wide view of performance measures; includes 600 predefined performance measures across four topic areas: clinical, regulatory, operational, and financial Source: Cerner, available at http://www.cerner.com, accessed June 23, 2009; SAP, available at http://www.sap.com, accessed June 23, 2009; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 25. Organizational Hurdles Hindering Analytics Common Challenges to Staffing the Analytics Effort Widening Skills Gap Redundant Unfocused Analytical Efforts Analytical Initiatives Staff Skills     MRSA MRSA  Report Report Lack of clinical expertise or Lack of staff cooperation or Ad hoc analytical efforts background limits analytical integration results in limit impact, potential sophistication of clinical redundant, potentially misalignment with strategic data sources contradictory analyses priorities Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 26. Cultivating Internal Analytics Expertise Requiring More Advanced Analytical Expertise Range of Informatics Specialists Implementation- Analytics- Focused Focused Health Informaticist Medical Informaticist Bioinformaticist EBM Role Intermediary between Internal “developer” of Clinical expert who clinicians and IT team in analytic tools that improve leverages genetic data to development of clinical IT the clinical decision-making improve disease systems process detection and prevention Background • Physician • Physician • Physician • Nurse • Nurse • Biostatistician • Computer programmer • Computer programmer Training Master’s degree in clinical Master’s degree in clinical Master’s degree, PhD in informatics informatics bioinformatics Typical • Deploy EHR systems • Build decision support • DNA sequencing Projects • Develop CPOE systems tools • Genetic modeling • Develop evidence-based care systems Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 27. Taking Staff Competencies to the Next Level Data and Information Management Enhancement (DIME) Program Overview Walking in Their Shoes Elevating Communication Competencies • Shadow physicians, business leaders for • Participate in Toastmasters to improve eight half days to better understand communication and presentation skills clinical operations across care continuum • Train with communications coach on • Identify how users interact with systems conveying complex analyses and and analytical needs improving active listening skills to better understand, identify client needs Case in Brief Kaiser Permanente Northwest • Integrated delivery system based in Portland, Oregon • Developed robust skills training for analytical staff to foster internal development of advanced analytical talent Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 28. Upskilling the Analytics Team Supplementing Baseline Analytical Skills with Advanced Training Ongoing Analytics Training at Kaiser Permanente Northwest Advanced Technical Training Professional Engagement Σ n Learn advanced business Participate in professional (x1 – μ)2 intelligence tools, societies, conferences; attend n k=1 simulation modeling vendor-sponsored user summits Ongoing Development Continuing Education Attend doctoral courses in Individual Develop annual individual Development dynamic simulation modeling at Plan development plan for ongoing local university skills advancement Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 29. Consolidating Clinical Improvement Expertise Overcoming Organizational Silos Previous Organizational Model Reorganized Department Structure CNO CIO COO Clinical Improvement Department Provide advanced analytical services for entire system Serve as internal consultants on process improvement, Quality Clinical Performance Lean redesign Improvement Informatics Acceleration Deliver quality improvement education sessions to staff Case in Brief Haas Health1 • Five-hospital health system located in the West • Reorganized departments to reduce duplication and leverage synergies • between staff to enhance performance improvement efforts 1 Pseudonym. Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 30. Creating a One-Stop Clinical Improvement Shop Benefits of an Integrated Model Acting as the Single Source of Truth for Data • Consistent data collection, analysis methodology ensures data reliability, validity Clinical • Specialized informaticists ensure Informaticists high-quality analysis Increasing Impact of Analytical Initiatives Performance Quality • Adept staff able to quickly translate Acceleration Staff Improvement Staff findings into actionable improvement • Continual monitoring, refinement of process ensures sustained gains Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 31. The Information-Powered Health System I. Meeting the II. Building the III. Delivering Meaningful Use Foundation for Information- Mandate Analytics Powered Care Preventing Disease Treating Disease Synthesizing Clinical Data Exchanging Managing Hospital Data Across the Disease Performance Continuum Reinforcing Ensuring Upskilling the Core Clinical Data Quality Analytics Team Systems Maximizing CPOE Utilization Time Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 32. Treating Disease Combating Pneumonia with Analytics Vanderbilt Developing Next-Generation Treatment Algorithms Data Aggregation Automated Algorithms Staff Alerts Ms.Wu VAP Bundle EHR vs. Pulls data from nurse Identifies gaps in documented Displays overdue documentation, CPOE, care against recommended treatments in color-coded and respiratory therapy VAP1 management bundle dashboard on ICU computer systems into EHR screensaver and EHR Case in Brief Vanderbilt Medical Center • 600-bed academic medical center located in Nashville, Tennessee • Developed automated electronic dashboard to display real-time patient status for compliance with evidence-based ventilator management bundle Source: Starmer J, et al., “A Real-Time Ventilator Management Dashboard: Toward Hardwiring Compliance with Evidence-based Guidelines,” American Medical Informatics Association Annual 1 Ventilator-associated pneumonia. Symposium Proceedings Archive, 2008; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 33. Automating Best Practice Yields Impressive Results VAP Dashboard Pilot Results Next Areas of Focus at Vanderbilt October 2007 – August 2008 VAP Rate Estimated Cost Reduction Reduction Catheter Patient Falls Associated UTIs1 (41%) ($1.9 - $3.5 M) Blood Stream Pressure Ulcers Infections Source: Govern P, “ICU Teams Drastically Reduce Vent-Related Pneumonia Rates,” Reporter, February 13, 2009; 1 Urinary tract infections. Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 34. Managing Disease Supporting the Front Lines of Care Health Information Exchange Supports Analytical Platform for Care Management Care Management Proactive Patient Decision Support Outreach Bowles Health • Disease registry to manage Information • Notifications to remind chronically ill population Exchange1 overdue, non-compliant • Treatment alerts to patients maximize patient visits • Patient education, self- • Quality reporting tools to management tools to identify opportunities for increase compliance PMS2 EHR Lab eRX improvement • Health coaching to reinforce care plan Case in Brief Bowles Health Information Exhange • Not-for-profit health information exchange located in the East • Leverages claims data mining software to generate customized disease dashboards for participating physicians, enhance outreach to chronically-ill patients 1 Pseudonym. 2 Practice management system. Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 35. Pinpointing Gaps in the Chronic Care Continuum Data Mining Tool Facilitates Tracking of Chronically Ill Patients Member Hospitals Data Mining Infrastructure Sample Reports Readmissions Report Regional Claims Master Database Patient ED Utilization Index Report Chronic Care Continuum Gap Assessment Project in Brief Dallas Fort-Worth Regional Enterprise Master Patient Index • First-of-its-kind regional patient index created by the Dallas-Fort Worth Hospital Council Education and Research Foundation using QuadraMed software • Facilitates tracking of readmissions patterns, ED utilization, and other service utilization by specific patients across 75 hospitals in the North Texas region Source: Dallas-Fort Worth Hospital Council; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 36. Next-Generation Remote Monitoring Wiring the Patient Home to Continuously Monitor Patient Health Hallway sensors monitor gait and mobility Sensors capture variations in mobility Computer kiosk assesses cognitive function Case in Brief Oregon Center for Aging and Technology (ORCATECH) • Part of the Oregon Health & Sciences University located in Portland, Oregon • Established in 2004 to provide an infrastructure for developing technologies to support independent aging • Partners with senior living communities to provide living laboratories for testing home-care technologies Source: Oregon Center for Aging and Technology (ORCATECH), available at www.orcatech.org, accessed August 11, 2009; Kaye J, “Technology and the Aging Brain: New Approaches to Understanding Change,” ORCATECH; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 37. Detecting the Subtle Signs of Cognitive Decline Collecting Data on Daily Routines Analyzing the Data to Assess Risk Indications of Normal Aging Daily Computer Early Warning Long-Term Change Mobility Use Signs Algorithm Evidence of Cognitive Decline1 Medication Sleep Adherence Patterns Study in Brief • ORCATECH research funded by National Institute on Aging and Intel Corporation2 • Leveraging longitudinal data generated by home-based seniors to detect early onset of dementia, Alzheimer's disease 1 For example, potential dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. Source: ORCATECH, “Algorithms for Long-Term Change,” 2 Research funded by National Institute on Aging grants available http://www.orcatech.org, accessed August 11, AG024978, AG024059, AG008017. 2009; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 38. Preventing Disease Unearthing Latent Risks with Predictive Modeling CMM1 Identifies At-Risk Patients in (Near) Real-Time Rad ADT Automated algorithm If proper care CMM pulls patient data to outstanding, alert sent generate list of those at to pharmacy, nursing risk for pneumonia unit to assess patient Lab Rx Patient Admission Risk Assessment System Verification Clinical Alert CMM Rx CMM validates findings Elderly patient by querying pharmacy admitted for to check if appropriate hip fracture medications dispensed Case in Brief Sutter Medical Center, Sacramento • 306-bed hospital located in Sacramento, California • Developed Core Measure Manager (CMM) to identify at-risk pneumonia patients Source: Niemi K, et al., “Implementation and Evaluation of Electronic Clinical Decision Support for Compliance with Pneumonia and Heart Failure Quality Indicators,” American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 2006 (66) 1 Core measure manager. 4: 389-397; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 39. Seeking to Eradicate Heart Disease Tolman Health1 Leverages EHR for Community-Wide CV Prevention Effort Generating the health profile of a community… …to improve targeting of interventions Advanced Diagnostics Calcium CT Scoring Angiography Primary/Secondary Prevention Efforts Remote Genetic Medical Weight Medication Monitoring Data Information History Management Management Classes Case in Brief Tolman Health System • Five-hospital health system located in the Midwest • Partnering with public health agency, community organizations on wide-scale cardiovascular disease prevention initiative for a local community 1 Pseudonym. Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 40. 3. Migrating to a New Business Model
  • 41. Shouldering the Cost, Sharing the Benefits Distribution of Ongoing IT Costs by Stakeholder Distribution of Net Benefits by Stakeholder Payers and Other 3% Stakeholders Payers and Other Stakeholders 39% 61% Health Care 97% Providers Health Care Providers Source: Walker J, “The Value of Health Care Information Exchange and Interoperability,” Health Affairs, January 19, 2005; Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 42. Leveraging IT to Develop New Product Lines Striking into the Insurer’s Domain Wellness Services Distinguished by Robust Analytical Foundation Differentiating on Data-Driven Approach Continuously Refining Risk Stratification Claims Pharm Electronic care management system HRAs1 CIS2 n Σk=1 (x1 – μ)2 n Proprietary algorithms for medication management Data Data mining infrastructure, Mart predictive modeling software Case in Brief Clarian Healthy Results • Separate subsidiary within Clarian Health, an integrated delivery network based in Indianapolis, Indiana • Developed corporate employee wellness division based on the data-driven success of own internal wellness program 1 Health risk assessments. 2 Clinical information systems. Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 43. Delivering ROI to Employers Clarian’s Healthy Results Division Reining in Employee Health Costs Total Contracts and Covered Lives Medical Claims Expense Growth Healthy Results Contracting Success Representative Client Results 30,000 8.0% 6.1% 4,500 13 4 Total Contracts Covered Lives Pre-Contract Year One 2008 2009 Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 44. Pursuing Risk-Based Contracting Making the Case for a Capitated Contract Health System Highlights IT-Driven Care Management Capabilities Health IT Assets Hospitalizations per 1,000 Diabetic Patients Chronic Disease Management System 370 Remote Monitoring, 315 Telehealth Physician Performance 2005 2007 Monitoring Case in Brief Sproul Health Network1 • Three-hospital health system located in the Midwest • Demonstrated success in using health IT for population health management • Supporting system efforts to transform business model and negotiate capitated contracts 1 Pseudonym. Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.
  • 45. Realizing the Clinical and Strategic Value of IT Advanced Analytics Impact on Care Patient-Provider Delivery Connectivity Integrated Information Exchange Point of Care Decision Support IT Investment Source: Innovations Center interviews and analysis.