2-1 The Nature of Matter

1. Biology
Unit 1: The Nature of Life
Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life
2-1: The Nature of Matter
2-2: Properties of Water
2-3: Carbon Compounds
2-4: Chemical Reactions and Enzymes
Ms. Petrucci
Biology

2. Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life
• Vocabulary
• 2-1
◦ Atom
◦ Nucleus
◦ Electron
◦ Element
◦ Isotopes
◦ Compound
◦ Ionic Bond
◦ Ions
◦ Covalent Bond
◦ Molecule
◦ Van der Waals forces
• 2-2
◦ Cohesion
◦ Adhesion
◦ Mixture
◦ Solution
◦ Solute
◦ Solvent
◦ Suspension
◦ pH Scale
◦ Acid
◦ Base
◦ Buffer
• 2-3
o Monomer
o Polymer
o Carbohydrate
o Monosaccharide
o Polysaccharide
o Lipid
o Nucleic Acid
o Nucleotide
o Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
o Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
o Protein
o Amino acid
• 2-4
o Chemical Reaction
o Reactant
o Product
o Activation Energy
o Catalyst
o Enzyme
o Substrate

3. Tell me as much as you can
about the following equation:
C6H12O6 + 6O2
 CO2 + H2O

4. 2-1 The Nature of Matter
Why should we study chemistry in Biology?
Wouldn’t you want an architect to understand building materials?
Same idea applies to geneticists, ecologists, zoologists, botanists,
biologists, and etc.

5. Matter
 Cells are made of Matter
 Matter is anything composed
of atoms
◦ Takes up space
◦ Has mass

6. Atoms
 The study of chemistry begins with the
basic unit of matter…the atom
 Democritus first used word “atomos”,
meaning indivisible

7. Atomic Structure

8. Elements and Isotopes

9. Isotopes

10. Isotope Identification

11. Radioactive Isotopes
Nuclei are unstable
and break down.
Do radioactive
isotopes have
a purpose?

12. Compounds
 Two or more atoms are bonded together
 Chemical bond
 Molecule
 Chemical Formula
H2O
• Physical & Chemical
Properties
 very different from the
the elements from which they are formed.
Hydrogen & Oxygen are gasses but combine
to form liquid water

15. Chemical Bonds
 Ionic Bonds
 Covalent Bonds
 Hydrogen Bonds
 Van Der Waals forces

16. Three Types of Bonds
 Ionic
 Covalent
 Hydrogen

18. Bonding Interactive
 Let's Bond