Microservices in a Monolith World - Shortened Version

1Microservices in a Monolith World | Phil Wilkins | May 2018 © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.
Micro-Services in a Monolith
World
Phil Wilkins
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Oracle-integration.cloud /
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4Microservices in a Monolith World | Phil Wilkins | May 2018 © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved. 4
• Technical Enterprise Architect specializing in
Integration and PaaS.
• Started out as a developer working on UI for Radar
• Moved into integration solutions –using Open Src
Tech e.g. JBoss App Server & Fuse, Apache Camel etc.
• Worked in end user companies, ISVs & consultancy.
• Worked with Oracle tech for ~10yrs covering on-prem
and cloud.
About :: Phil Wilkins
Supported the
development of a
variety of books
Packt – Erl et al
Articles published
in a range of
Journals
Published 1st Oracle
iPaaS Book
Implementing ICS
PaaS Community
Jan, 2017
TOGAF 9 Certified
2013
• co-authored a book on Oracle Integration Cloud, contributing a new book on API Platform &
contributions to development of more than a dozen other titles ranging from Apache Camel to
Cloud Computing Design
• Active blogger have had a number of articles published in various journals.
• Organizer of London Oracle Developer Meetup & Drones with APIs OS Project
Implementing API
Platform
& PaaS Community
Award
April & May 2018

5Microservices in a Monolith World | Phil Wilkins | May 2018 © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved. 5
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6Microservices in a Monolith World | Phil Wilkins | May 2018 © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved. 6Microservices in a Monolith World | Phil Wilkins | May 2018 © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved. 6
01
02
03
04
05
What do we mean by
Microservices?
How can monolithic containers
be made to help me ?
Use of WebLogic
What could my development
approach look like?
Take Aways
Agenda

What do we mean by
Microservices?

8Microservices in a Monolith World | Phil Wilkins | May 2018 © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved. ‹#›© 2017 Capgemini. All rights reserved.
What do we really mean by Microservices?

An architecture that structures the application as a set of loosely coupled, collaborating
services … Each service implements a set of narrowly, related functions.
Services communicate using either synchronous protocols such as HTTP/REST or
asynchronous protocols such as AMQP. Services can be developed and deployed
independently of one another…
- Chris Richardson, microservices.io
Microservices are small, autonomous services that work together.
—Sam Newman, Thoughtworks
Loosely coupled service-oriented architecture with bounded contexts.
—Adrian Cockcroft, formerly Netflix, now VP Cloud Architecture Strategy at AWS
What do the thought leaders say ….

Monolith, Microservices & Mini Apps …
some characterization
Diagrams based on Microservices by James Lewis
- Thoughtworks
https://martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html
Monolith Microservices Mini/Micro Apps

Are you going to miss the point?
• Paraphrase Martin Fowler – best way to do
microservices is build the monolith first
• Microservices is as much organization, people and
design as it is tech
Why Microservices?
• It’s the thing to do,
• We want new toys,
• It will keep the development team happy,
• It’s the only way to develop in the cloud
• My ability to deliver is too slow (or I need
my development to go faster),
• I need lower coupling and modularity to
help re-use,
• I need ways to scale my solution in
different ways,
• Things need to be elastic and more
dynamic at runtime,
• I need to find ways to future proof my
current investments,

Understanding the Premium & Debunk
some Myths
App Server /
Runtime Platform
App
Host Servers
Bare Metal with a
hypervisor or just a
cluster of servers with
an OS such as Linux
Container Mgmt
Kubernetes / Istio
Microservice Mesh /
Mesos etc
ContainerContainer
Container solution such
as Docker
App Svr App Svr
Simple server process to
execute app logic e.g.
Apache
Service
Service
Service
Application Logic –
discrete unconnected
solutions and potentially
Polyglot in nature
Enterprise
class app
server offering
many features
such as
WebLogic –
very capable
but also very
complex. Large
footprint
unless stripped
down
App – multiple
Jars running
on a single OS
process that is
multithreaded
TomakeachangesafelyIneedtounderstand
allofthisHost Servers
Monolith Microservices
Whenatscale
specialismallowsthis
To make a change safely I need
to understand all of this

Build on - Martin Fowler
https://martinfowler.com/bliki/MicroservicePremium.html
The micro apps approach will
incur overhead, but less than all
out microservices

How we can achieve the
Microservice goals using
WebLogic ?

15Microservices in a Monolith World | Phil Wilkins | May 2018 © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved.© 2017 Capgemini. All rights reserved.
Why try microservices on WLS?
• Organisational Investment & Culture
• Broad adoption of WLS can be a significant
investment - desire to maximise investment (or
desire not to have $$$ spent seen as redundant)
• Minimize vendors - encourages big vendor with
broad offering rather than specialist orgs.
• Mindset of the decision makers – prefer tried and
tested technologies
• Open Source vs Closed Source
• Really supported vs unsupported or self supported
(often perception issue)
• Often closed source offerings – hardened or pre-
integrated versions of open source e.g. JMS or JNDI
• Open source licensing – still can bite – particularly
when thinking about monetization
• Typical tech associated with Microservices can be seen
as too big a change for some – resistant to big change
• Vertical Alignment
• Exploit defined markets & partnership relationships (big vendor partner
may help sell)
• Vendor relationship
Martin Fowler

WebLogic with Docker
WLS in Docker …
• WLS certified with Docker as 12.1.3 BUT…
• Mean it’s a microservice?
maybe
• Same mistakes can be made
• It does allow us to simplify
deployment
• It does allow us create separation
WLS in Docker is a winner for…
• Accelerating development
• Likely to develop deploQuick to start using
• My development environment can be anywhere – any
host OS, in ANY cloud
• No installation processes needed
• Deployment processes using WLST – making switch to
production grade deployment better
• But what about license costs beyond the OTN
agreement?

WebLogic as a Micro App Platform
Server 1
Single
DomainWLS Svcs
Coherence
JMS AQ
JNDI
Servlet
Node
Mgr
• WebLogic 12.2.1 also introduced idea
of Partitions …
• Thread management allowing QoS
control – through resources
• Resources can have access at
• Domain level – i.e.
everywhere
• Partition level – shared with
no one
• Although core processes are
shared e.g.
• Node Manager
• JMS threads
• Coherence processes
Managed
Svr
App 1
Domain
Partition 1
Admin
Svr
• Our microservice simile
• We’ve taken to call a MicroApp
as it resides in an App Server –
and avoids ‘contentious
disputes over what a
microservice must look like’

Server 1
WebLogic as a Micro App Platform
Single
Domain
Node
Mgr
• To add extra microapps we add new
partitions
• Footprint grows by threads
allocated & some JVM Memory
• Configuration in the partitions is
isolated
• We might have to enable
additional shared services e.g.
JMS & coherence at the domain
or sever level
Managed
Svr
App 1
Domain
Partition 1
App 2
Domain
Partition 2
WLS Svcs
Coherence
JMS AQ
JNDI
Servlet
Admin
Svr

The roll of messaging
Messaging important to establish …
• Asynchronous communication
between services
• Lower coupling …
• Support for moving from
Orchestration to Choreography –
dumb pipes smart endpoints
Orchestration
The mechanics
with the
channel direct
traffic node to
node
Choreography
The channel is a
simple dumb
pipe, everyone
listens and
decides what to
do
To be polyglot friendly your messaging needs both
invocation interface spec e.g. JMS and a wire level
specification e.g. AMQPP, Apache Avro
JMS?

The is Kafka right ?
JMSProducer
Consumer
Consumer
Consumer
Storage
Why is JMS not so great?
• No wire level spec – so Polyglot an issue
• Often implemented with DB storage making
it relatively slow and single node dependency
• Kafka resolves by using HDFS
But there are transition options …
1. JMS only with topics
2. Kafka + JMS client
3. Future refactor JMS client out – 1 service
at a time
KafkaProducer
Consumer
Consumer
Consumer
HDFS
Consumer

How does my Development process work?
Adapt the design approach ….
• Start to embody the design concepts
• Keep it small, keep it decoupled
• Design to do 1 thing well, if there’s a different API
for it, then its another service
• Use Bounded Contexts and stay inside your
boundaries.
• Many Microservice patterns are solution agnostic
– and you can find comparable solutions built in a
monolithic style
Chris Richardson
Microservices.io
(Microservice Patterns)
Difficult to
realize in an
monolithic
platform
Would require
new capability

Fine in theory, but to make it work in
practise …
Spring Boot to the rescue
• Spring Boot leverages Spring platform in an
‘opinionated manner’ i.e.
• Works with Spring elements that are commonly
used together
• Derives dependencies based on provided info for
project types,
• Provide Spring Boot with configuration and it will
create the Java framework for you and allow
deployment to …
• Apache Tomcat, Apache Jetty
• Undertow, Netty,
• WebLogic, Websphere …
• Spring Boot is recognised as a framework for building ‘typical’ container
centric microservices
• As Spring is proven with WLS, once you microservice is, swap your
dependencies to the WLS versions – Build & DEPLOY!
Word of Warning – changing dependencies for WLS can be tricky, is not for the Java newbie

23Microservices in a Monolith World | Phil Wilkins | May 2018 © 2018 Capgemini. All rights reserved. 23© 2017 Capgemini. All rights reserved.
Make the right choices and you set yourself on
a journey to transition without too much pain.
A less disruptive transition may be more
palatable
Microservices is a design style NOT
tech – so design microservices even
if you have to run on a monolithic
platform
A few things to keep in mind when looking at
adopting or adapting this approach …
Microservices don’t come without cost & can be
difficult – so need to take on for the right reasons
If we knew what it was we were
doing, it would not be called
research, would it?
Albert Einstein
Takeways

Thankyou
Presentation Title | Author | Date

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