English Review of some subjects

1. Teacher: Pedro Henrique

2.  Normally we use the verb to be to show the
status or characteristics of something or
someone. It says what I am, what you are or
what something is.
 The verb to be in the Present tense have three
forms: AM, IS and ARE.

3.  We use AM only in the first person of the
singular, I. example: I am a teacher.
 We use IS in the third person of the singular,
He, She and IT. Example: She is beautiful.
 HE is a great friend.
 We use are to the second person of the singular
You, and to all the other personal pronouns of
the plural, We, You and They. Example: They
are very smart.
 We are friends.

4.  We can use the verb to be in the contract form,
in the affirmative or negative, but we can not
use it in the interrogative in the contract.
 Remember that the not will always come after
the verb to be, and not to the other verb.
 And in the interrogative we just change the
verb, putting it in the first place, see in the
models.

5. Personal
Pronoun
Verb to
be
Personal + verb to be
Contract Form
I AM I AM I’M
YOU ARE YOU ARE YOU’RE
HE IS HE IS HE’S
SHE IS SHE IS SHE’S
IT IS IT IS IT’S
WE ARE WE ARE WE’RE
YOU ARE YOU ARE YOU’RE
THEY ARE THEY ARE THEY’RE

6. Personal +
verb to be
Personal + verb to be+
not
Contract form
I AM I AM NOT I’M NOT I’M NOT
YOU ARE YOU ARE NOT YOU’RE NOT YOU AREN’T
HE IS HE IS NOT HE’S NOT HE ISN’T
SHE IS SHE IS NOT SHE’S NOT SHE ISN’T
IT IS IT IS NOT IT’S NOT IT ISN’T
WE ARE WE ARE NOT WE’RE NOT WE AREN’T
YOU ARE YOU ARE NOT YOU’RE NOT YOU AREN’T
THEY ARE THEY ARE NOT THEY’RE NOT
THEY
AREN’T

7. Personal + verb to be Interogative
I AM AM I…..?
YOU ARE ARE YOU…..?
HE IS IS HE……?
SHE IS IS SHE……?
IT IS IS IT……..?
WE ARE ARE WE……?
YOU ARE ARE YOU………?
THEY ARE ARE THEY………….?

8. The English Grammar in pieces

9.  We use the simple present to express actions: In
the progress now, Repeated actions, Facts or
generalizations or Scheduled events in the near
future.

10.  Verb + s/es/ies in the 3rd person of the
singular. Examples:
 I’m nineteen years old. (verb to be, am in the
contract form)
 He lives in London. (verb to live, for the 3rd person of
the singular)
 They live in New York. ( verb to live, for the 3rd
person of the plural)

11.  There are some rules to change the verbs, and
they are:
 Verbs ended with (ss, sh, ch, x, z, o) we put the ES at the
final of the verb, examples:
 She watches TV in the afternoon.
 Verbs ended with ( consonant +y) we put the IES at the
final of the verb, examples:
 He studies to the final exam with his friends.
 To the other verbs we put the S at the final.
 It stays in the middle of the path.

12.  The verb To Be, the verb To Have, the Modal
Verbs and the verb There To Be, don’t suffer
changes in the simple present!!!

13.  We make the use of the auxiliary verb
DO/DOES. For the 3rd person of the singular we
use Does, and the other personal pronouns Do.
Personal
Pronoun
Auxiliary Verb Contract Form
I Do not Don’t
You Do not Don’t
He Does not Doesn’t
She Does not Doesn’t
It Does not Doesn’t
We Do not Don’t
You Do not Don’t
They Do not Don’t

14.  We make the use of the auxiliary verb DO/DOES.
For the 3rd person of the singular we use Does,
and the other personal
pronouns Do and we do
the same change of the
verb to be.
Personal
Pronoun
Auxiliary Verb
I Do I……?
You Do You….?
He Does He...?
She Does She...?
It Does It...?
We Do We...?
You Do You...?
They Do They...?

15. The Present Continuous Tense

16.  Use the Present Continuous with Normal
Verbs to express the idea that something is
happening now, or to an action that is still in
progress now, to show the close future or to
indicate recurrence of an action.

17.  It’s formed by the verb to be + the verb in the
present + ING.
 I am watching TV. He is washing the car.
 Look in the first sentence we have the verb to be, followed
by the verb (to watch) add of ING ate the final.
 Some verbs are exceptions, the verbs:
 Ended with E. We take of the E and add ING.
 To love. “ She is loving the course.”
 The verb “to be” is an exceptions, you only add ING.
 He is being a jerk with her.

18.  The verbs ended with double EE, we only add ING.
 She is seeing the shrink.
 The verbs ended with Consonant, Vowel, Consonant,
we double the last consonant and add the ING.
 They are running on the streets.
 The verbs ended with IE, we take of the IE and add
Y+ING.
 The witness is lying to the police.
All the other verbs is only ad ING at the final of the verb!

19.  Examples:
 You are learning English now.
 You are not swimming now.
 Are you sleeping?
 I am sitting.
 I am not standing.

20.  Examples:
 I am studying to become a doctor.
 I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.
 Are you working on any special projects at work?
 Aren't you teaching at the university now?
 They are used normally in daily talking, as a family
dinner or chat with friends.

21.  Examples:
 I am meeting some friends after work.
 I am not going to the party tonight.
 Is he visiting his parents next weekend?
 Isn't he coming with us tonight?
 This is a way of talk about something that will
happening soon.

22.  Examples:
 She is always coming to class late.
 He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up.
 I don't like them because they are always complaining.
 This is a manner of say that something happens in a
great frequency of time, remember of use “always” or
“constantly” between the verb to be and the other verb.