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Common Laboratory procedures: Nursing Responsibilities and Implications pinoynursing.webkotoh.com
3 Phases of Diagnostic testing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Related Nursing Diagnoses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Blood tests
BLOOD TESTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Complete Blood Count ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Normal values for CBC ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Table. 11.2
 
CBC PARASITIC infection  Increased Eosinophils CHRONIC bacterial infection VIRAL infection Increased Lymphocytes ACUTE bacterial infection Increased Neutrophils More than 10, 000 Increased WBC (Leukocytosis) 5-10,000 cell/cm3 Normal WBC count
Serum Electrolytes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Serum Electrolytes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Blood Chemistry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Blood Chemistry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Blood Chemistry SLE diagnosis Anti-DNA antibody For Rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatoid factor Gout detection Uric acid Identifies Cardiac damage or muscle damage CK-MB, LDH and Troponin Liver function test SGOT/SGPT Purpose Enzymes/acids
Blood Chemistry Measures Platelet function Bleeding time 1-9 minutes Same as PTT, measures effectiveness of HEPARIN (more specific than PTT) aPTT 30-40 seconds The BEST single screening test for coagulation disorders PTT 60-70 seconds Measures the effectiveness of Warfarin PT 12-16 seconds Purpose Coagulation studies
Blood Chemistry To detect hyperlipidemia Blood lipids Cholesterol= 150-200 mg/dL Triglycerides= 140-200 mg/dL Measures the rate at which the RBCs settle out of the anti-coagulated blood Elevates in inflammation auto immune diseases  ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) 10-20 mm/hour Purpose Others
Diabetes Mellitus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Diabetes Mellitus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Diabetes Mellitus ,[object Object],[object Object]
Diabetes Mellitus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Arterial Blood Gases ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Normal ABG values ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ABG interpretation Metabolic >26 Metabolic <22 22-26 mEq/L HCO3 Respiratory <35 Respiratory >45 35-45 mmHg paCO2 95-98% SaO2 95-100 mmHg paO2 Above 7.45 Below 7.35 7.35-7.45 pH Alkalosis Acidosis Normal Value
Urine exams
Urine Analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Routine Urinalysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Urine Culture: Normal is <100,000  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Special Urine Collection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Timed-urine collection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Catheter specimen  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Stool Exams
Stool Analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
General Nursing consideration for stool collection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Occult Blood: Guaiac Test ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sputum Exams
Sputum Analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sputum examination ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Visualization:  DIRECT  and INDIRECT
VISUALIZATION PROCEDURES ,[object Object],[object Object]
Visualization procedures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
GI tract Visualization
GIT Visualization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
GIT Visualization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
GIT Visualization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
GIT Visualization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
Gallbladder ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
IV Cholecystogram ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Oral Cholecystogram ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ,[object Object],[object Object]
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiogram ,[object Object]
 
Ultrasound of the liver, gallbladder and pancreas ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
urinary visualization
Urinary Visualization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
Urinary Visualization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Pulmonary test
Pulmonary visualization ,[object Object],[object Object]
Bronchoscopy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
Pulmonary function test ,[object Object]
 
 
LUNG VOLUMES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LUNG CAPACITIES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pulmonary &quot;Volumes” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pulmonary &quot;Volumes” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pulmonary &quot;Capacities:&quot; ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pulmonary &quot;Capacities:&quot; ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Heart exams
Cardiac Visualization ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Cardiovascular System LABORATORY PROCEDURES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
2 D-echocardiogram
Angiography ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
arteriography
Cardiac Catheterization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Spinal column
Myelography ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Myelography
Arthroscopy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Arthrogram ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Electromyelography ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Scans
CT scan ,[object Object],[object Object]
 
MRI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MRI
PET scan
Bone Scan
Aspiration and Biopsy
ASPIRATION AND BIOSPY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lumbar Puncture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lumbar Puncture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
Abdominal Paracentesis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Abdominal Paracentesis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Thoracentesis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thoracentesis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thoracentesis
 
Bone marrow Biopsy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bone marrow Biopsy ,[object Object],[object Object]
Liver Biopsy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Liver Biopsy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Papanicolau Smear ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Others
The Cardiovascular System LABORATORY PROCEDURES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
What the waves represent? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
LABORATORY PROCEDURES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LABORATORY PROCEDURES ,[object Object],[object Object]
LABORATORY PROCEDURES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Tubes and drainage
Tubes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Salem Sump tube
 
T-tube
Drainage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hemovac
Jackson-Pratt
Penrose
Asked in the local boards ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DRE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Snellen’s Chart: test for visual acuity  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Snellen’s Chart: test for visual acuity  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Weber’s test ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Weber’s test ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rinne’s Test ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rinne’s Test ,[object Object],[object Object]
Rinne’s Test ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rinne’s Test ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Weber
Rinne’s
Rinne’s
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
END

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Common Laboratory Procedures