Pearson 6th Earth Science

1. WEATHERING and SOIL

3. A.______________- water freezes in cracks and expands Ice wedging

4. B. ____________ - roots grow under and into other materials C.____________-digging can expose new rock surfaces to weathering Plants Animals

5. Vegetation growing in Joints

8. This is a picture of the Half Dome. The rock is peeling away from the mountain in layers just like an onion. This is exfoliation.

9. 5. ________ weathering; process that causes chemical changes to occur ; caused by the action of water, oxygen, CO ², living organisms and acid rain chemical

11. B. _________- oxygen combines with metallic materials (such as iron) to form rust. oxidation

12. C. ______________- organisms that break down the remains of dead organisms (fungi, bacteria, worms) decomposers

13. permeability 6. ___________ rocks with a _______ density; many spaces low

14. impermeability 7.________________rocks with a ____ density; tightly packed high

15. Look at the 2 examples of WEATHERING Chemical Mechanical Are these mechanical or chemical?

16. 8. Rates of weathering A._____________- eventually break down. All rocks

17. B. _________- rocks decompose ______ if they crystallize fast. (Ex. Marble will decompose faster than granite). Igneous faster

18. C. Sedimentary rocks decompose faster in _______ climates. humid

19. D. __________and ____________ speed up chemical weathering. Heat moisture

22. 11. __________- layer of solid rock beneath the soil layers bedrock

23. 12._______ - decayed organic matter . humus

24. 13.- ______ ________ different layers of soil . soil horizon 14. _____ _______ - vertical layering of all soil horizons . soil profile topsoil subsoil

26. 15. ____- soil made up of equal parts of clay, sand, and silt; great for growing plants loam

28. C. __________________ -the removal of plants, trees, etc. for lumber, farming and grazing. deforestation

29. D. ______________ Overgrazing

30. E. _____________________ Urban construction

31. 17. Soil Conservation Techniques

33. B. _________ - building step-like levels on a hill. terracing

35. D. ______________ - planting trees to block the wind. shelter belt

36. E. _____________ ____________-not allowing animals to eat too much of any one pasture area. F.__________________- leaving plant stalks to be tilled under in the spring when planting. Proper grazing management No till-farming

37. G. Use of _____, ____________, _____, _________ or ____________ to slow erosion. H.____________- planting trees on barren areas mulch concrete walls stone wood mats plastic coverings reforestation

40. 19. ___________- area of the Midwest where in the 1930’s the soil was ruined by poor farming techniques Dust Bowl

43. The End