1. IT INFRASTRUCTURE OF INDIAN HOSPITALS BY: POOJA PANCHAL MBA(PHI) Ist Sem. JamiaHamadard

2. Structure of Healthcare services in India

3. Use Of IT In India

4. Where IT Needs To Be Implemented Elec. Med. Record I/P Lab System Pt. Reported Data (On-Line Dx) (QOL Data) (Compliance) MD Office Interface Office Billing System Pt. Registration System Hospital Interface Radiology System Master Interface Engine O/P Lab System Hosp. Billing System O/P Pharmacy Systems I/P Pharmacy System Home Health System

6. Along with newer technological trends appearing on the Indian scene, several positive developments in the last couple of years have driven the adoption of IT in healthcare delivery.

8. In India, it estimates that IT spent on healthcare will reach $315 million (Rs 1,260 crore) by 2011.

9. Healthcare sector is always criticised as a laggard when compared to other sectors in accepting IT. However the scenario is changing as more and more hospitals are realising the advantages of IT enabling their hospital.

10. Commercial IT systems for administrative functions related to patient care introduced in the late 1990s in India have become the most widely installed type of hospital IT.

12. There are an estimated 2,000 CIS installations in over 550 hospitals in India.

13. Laboratory and Pharmacy Informatics account for the bulk of the 70 – 100 installations detected per year, followed by ICU and operating theatre, with relatively lower demand for prenatal/ neonatal/ maternity CIS.

14. Indian market for HIS and CIS reached about USD 14 million in 2008,with HIS representing over 70% of revenue and CIS representing the remaining 30%.

17. HL7(Health Level 7)

18. UMLS(Unified Medical Language System)

19. SNOMED(Systemized Nomenclature of Medicine)

20. HIPAA(Health Instruments Portability And Accountability Act) In India, DIT, MCIT is leading the initiative of laying standards for health informatics from Indian Context.

22. Most important tool.

23. The benefits of CDSS are immediate minimisation of medical errors and availability of clinical analytics.

24. Designed to assist physicians and other health professionals with decision making tasks. It links health observations like patient data with health knowledge like established clinical protocols to help doctors take right decisions for improved healthcare.

26. A process of electronic entry of doctor's instructions for the treatment of patients under his or her care

27. Orders are communicated over a computer network to the staff (nurses, pharmacists) or to the departments (pharmacy, laboratory or radiology) responsible for fulfilling the order

29. 3-D training is an alternative to actual training

30. Done in a virtual environment

31. With the advent of laparoscopic and robotic surgery, this offers a great potential of training future surgeons

32. Advanced virtual training is also available today for simpler procedures like vascular access

34. Plans to integrate their information systems across their network of 42 hospitals.

35. Will also introduce HIPAA standards in its systems for EHR implementations.

36. The growing IT budget at Apollo constitutes around 4.5 per cent of its operational expenses. Apollo has been already started the Telemedicine programme all over the India called as ATNF (Apollo Telemedicine Networking Foundation). Also Indian Government supported it and started its own programme in rural India.

38. Initially relying more on paper and verbal inputs so led to leakage in revenue, lack of information flow and time was wasted in doing routine repetitive tasks.

39. In 1999, RHC started revamping the IT infrastructure of the hospital and implemented HIS, RIS, PACS, EMR, ERP and telemedicine as some of the IT solutions.

40. PACS enabled it to improve patient care by streamlining clinical processes and creating a seamless flow of information.

41. HIS system has unique medical record number to identify a patient.

42. Telemedicine technology allows to extend the distance at which patient consultation occur.

43. EMR allowed protection for medical information and improve data sharing without any threat to patient privacy.

44. Today, activities related to patient billing, consulting charges, payments to be made to vendors are all recorded electronically.

45. Critical patient information like lab results, radiology images, medications available on-line, led to reduction of file movements and has helped the doctors to take decisions on time.

47. It is building a mobile-cum-wireless communication framework on IP enabled PBX to connect the nurses, doctors and patients.

48. Nurses can use handheld devices to input patient data within the hospital's network, removing the process of taking handwritten notes and then inputting the data by hand.

49. Patients can also communicate easily with the doctors and nurses faster.

51. It has invested funds for the implementation of a PACS system which will allow images from radiology, CT, MRI to be available on all computers within the organisation.

52. It is planning a RFID tagging system for its fixed asset management system.

53. Soon the Hospital would also introduce PACS for enterprise-wide imaging.

55. Max Healthcare's hospitals are spread across eight locations within the boundaries of Delhi.

56. The main purpose for opting IT solution was to get all these hospitals at various locations connected to each other with a centralised system making it convenient for both the hospital and the patients.

57. They felt a need of having such a system which could make the health analytic to understand the disease trend and decide the medicine, required treatment to be provided to the patient, thus reducing the occurrences of medication error.

58. IT implementationsThe 'lease line connectivity' is a service through which all the hospitals can remain connected to the data server. 'Bharti' is the lease line connectivity service provider for Max. The speed of the connectivity was upgraded from 512 kbps to 4 mbps since the last two years. 'PACS' is incorporated in MAX through this data.

60. The KLES HOSPTIAL & MRC’s IT Department provides support for the use and development of information and communications technologies to facilitate and expediate the patient services.

61. Servers: Application Server Mail Exchange server Data base server Anti-Virus and Firewall Server Web Server These servers include Dicom with Telemedicine Application with a dedicated Data base server. These dedicated servers cater certain specified programs and also meet a health working environment. Three tier architecture is created with the introduction of new HIS/HIMS software where about 27 different modules have been created to integrated the entire Hospital Services to be delivered through system based management.

63. Did the first attempt by implementing CDAC .

64. CDAC took the challenge of implementing HIS software with domain knowledge.

65. It has 14 modules covering all aspects of patient management and patient related administration.

66. The Institution has been able to oversee a smooth transfer of a 100% manual system to a 100% computerized one over a 2-year period.

67. It was the first fully computerized hospital in the country with all patient related activities taking place online and continues to be only one in the Government sector. Telemedicine Infrastructure at SGPGIMS showing the Intra-hospital telemedicine network of the operation theatre for real time interactive tele-surgical conference Workstation

68. Products developed In Health Informatics in Indian Hospitals Talbros : TACL - IT Division OPD Services: B.O.O. basis (Built, Operate & Own) TACL -IT Division has been offering its services to Directorate of Health Services, Govt. of NCT of Delhi for the computerization of its OPD Services on B.O.O. basis. This is a particularly challenging project as the people we are dealing with are already under huge stress because of the state of their health.

69. Some of the Hospitals under the Government of Delhi which have been automated by TACL -IT Division are: Dr. Hedgewar Arogya Sansthan Acharya Sri Bhikshu Govt. Hospital Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel Hospital Bhagwan Mahavir Hospital Baba Saheb Ambedkar Hospital Attar Sain Jain Eye &Gen. Hospital Guru Govind Singh Govt.Hospital Lal Bhadur Shastri Hospital Maharishi Balmiki Hospital Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital Maulana Azad Dental College & Hospital Deen Dyal Upadhya Hospital

71. Sanjeevani- Telemedicine solution

72. E-SUSHRAT-Hospital management information system

73. Tejas-Software suit for oncology

74. Auysoft-Decision support system for ayurveda

75. E-Chavi-Picture archival communication system

76. Medical standards libraries

78. Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi

79. Mahatma Gandhi Institute Of Medical Science, Sevagram,Maharashtra

81. SETBACKS Though IT has been established in many Indian Hospitals but yet we have certain limitations for its complete implementations in India. These are as follows: Policy: There are no clearly articulated/ communicated government policy on IT adoption in public hospitals. Government funding for HIT is nearly non-existent. Computer literacy: Limited computer literacy of staff. Infrastructure:Infrastructure to support HIT adoption is underdeveloped. Co-ordination: Coordination between public and private sector is yet to emerge. Legacysystems: Patient health records are paper based in most hospitals (except for large, private hospitals). Standards: HIT systems developed locally do not follow standards for information representation and exchange. This is complicated further by the multitude of languages used across the country. Privacy: Confidentiality of patient health information is still being debated and the apex court is yet to come out with an opinion on this.