PLC and SCADA project ppts

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Submitted By:
PRIYA HADA
B.Tech. VII Semester ECE
A Presentation
on Summer Training in
PLC & Scada

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IT IS ALSO AUTOMATION
Feedback(Eyes)
Processor (Brain)
controlling unit(Hand)
When Human Operator can operate the machine ,taking Feedback of a
Machinery performance and he can change or adjust according to requirement,
that why it also called as Automation.
Thus ,we can define Automation
Any systematic operation required intelligence and as well as
monitoring action.
Output
action unit
(Leg)

3. Name of InstitutionAutomation
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It is the use of control systems and information technologies to
reduce the need for human work in the production of goods
and services.
ADVANTAGE:
Replacing human operators in tasks that involve hard work.
Trouble shooting aids make programming easier.
Performing tasks that are beyond human capabilities.
Automation may improve in economy of enterprises.
DISVANTAGE:
 Unemployment rate increases
 Technical Limitation
 Security Threats
 High initial cost.

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Programmable Logic Controller
 It is industrial computer that perform
discrete or sequential logic.
 It was developed to replace mechanical
relays, timers, counters.
 Reduce the changeover time. Reliability
in operation.
 Flexibility in control and programming
techniques. Online offline modifications.
 Small physical size, shorter project time.
 Speed of operation. Ease of maintenance
and troubleshooting.
 Ability to communicate and networking
with computer system in plant.
 Documentation and security.
Micrologix 1000
Programmable
Controller

5. Name of InstitutionSimple PLC
network
digital inputs
digital
outputs
analog inputs /
outputs
CPU1 CPU2
redundant
field bus
connection
inputs/o
utputs
serial
connections

6. Name of InstitutionGlobal players
Source: ARC Research, 2005-10

7. Name of InstitutionKinds of PLC
Compact:
•Fixed casing, Fixed number of I/O (most of them binary).
•No process computer capabilities (no MMC).
•Can be extended and networked by an extension (field) bus
•Sometimes LAN connection (Ethernet).
Modular PLC:
•High processing power (several CPUs),Large choice of I/O boards.
•Interface boards to field busses, Cost effective if the rack can be filled.
•Mounted on DIN-rail, 24V supply.
•Not water-proof, no ventilator.
Soft PLC:
•PC as engineering workstation
•PC as human interface (Visual Basic, Wonderware)
•PC as real-time processor

8. Name of InstitutionPLC System
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9. Name of InstitutionArchitecture of a PLC
INPUT
DEVICES
PLC OUTPUT
DEVICES
POWER
SUPPY
MEMORY INTERFACE
(24V DC,120V AC)
(Toggle or Push
buttons, proximity or
pressure sensors)
(Displays &
Monitors)
(External memory
module)
(SCADA or HMI)

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COMPUT
ER PLC
DOWNLOAD
UPLOAD
 DATA TRANSMISSION - SERIAL
 SYSTEM(PORT) PLC(PORT)
RS 232 DF port
Baud Rate - 9.6 Kbps to 19.2 Kbps
Driver software - RS Linx Classic, RS 232 & DF Drivers
Programming software - RS Logix 500

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Working
 Source mode: +ve supply is given to the PLC.
 Sink mode: -ve supply is given to the PLC.
The sink and source modes mainly define the way in which the I/O is connected to the
I/O of the PLC.

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PLC
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
MOTOR
LAMP
CONTACTOR
PUSHBUTTONS
INPUT AND OUTPUT MODULE

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L1 L2
P. B SWITCH
INPUT MODULE
WIRING DIAGRAM
LADDER PROGRAM
I:2
0
I= Input
Module
slot # in rack
Module
Terminal #
Allen-Bradley 1746-1A16
Address I:2.0/0
INPUT MODULE

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Ladder logic
Ladder logic is the oldest programming language for PLC
- based on relay intuition of electricians.
- widely in use outside Europe.
Rung 0
Rung 1
Rung 2
Input instructions (conditions)Output (actions)
Programming in PLC

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 ADDRESSING FORMAT : Identifier: slot address(if any).word
address/bit
 DATA FILES: Micrologix 1000 contain the status information
associated with the external I/O and all other instructions we use in
our main and subroutine ladder program files.
 These files are organized by the type of data they contain. Data file
types are:

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PLC TIMER/COUNTER
FUNCTION
Timer
Counter

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MATH INSTRUCTIONS

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PROGRAMMING
Normally Open
(NO)
Normally Closed
(NC)
Coil
Boxes
The normally open (NO) is true when the
input or output status bit controlling the contact
is 1.
The normally closed (NC) is true when the
input or output status bit controlling the contact
is 0.
Coils represent relays that are energized
when power flows to them. When a coil is
energized it causes a corresponding output to
turn on by changing the state of the status bit
controlling the output to 1.
Boxes represent various instructions or
functions that are executed when power flows
to the box. Some of these Functions are timers,
counters and math operations.

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AND OPERATION : In the rung
above, both inputs A and B must be true
(1) in order for the output C to be true (1).
Rung
A B C
A C
A
B
OR OPERATION : either input A or
B is be true (1), or both are true, then
the output C is true (1).
NOT OPERATION : that if input
A is be true (1),then the output C is
true (0) or when A is (0), output C is 1.

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Applications
 Material Handling
 Packaging Applications
 General Industrial
Machinery & Conveyor
 Printing
Food and Beverage
Pharmaceutical
Water Wastewater / SCADA
Clutch/Brake control
Position Control - Pick-and-place

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SCADA
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
Supervisory means Monitoring
entire system through
GUI representation
of working Status ,of the
entire system
Control means Controlling
the entire System such as
ON/OFF operation ,
Speed controlling,
temperature Controlling
Data Acquisition
mean collecting
data Information from
Different controller,
Sensor , Drives ,
Motor which are
connected at distance
through wire ,
Ethernet , wireless

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PLC is just like a Black Box, internal operation of its user can’t see until
the entire process complete or halt the System…Thus we required
Representation of the entire process……..

24. Name of InstitutionWHAT IS INTOUCH?
• Wonderware InTouch provides a single
integrated view of all your controls and
information resources. Intouch enables
engineers, supervisors, operators and managers
to view and interact with the working of entire
operation through graphical representations
of their production processes
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25. Name of InstitutionWhy SCADA?
Saves Time and Money
• Less traveling for workers
• Reduces man-power needs
• Increases production efficiency of a
company
• Cost effective for power systems
• Saves energy
 Reliable
 Supervisory control over a
particular system

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GENERAL TERMINOLOGY
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TAG
ANALOG TAGS
DISCRETE TAGS
SYSTEM TAGS
STRING TAGS
TOUCH PUSH BUTTONS
COLOUR LINKS
VISIBILITY
BLINK
ORIENTATION
DISABLE
VALUE DISPLAY LINK
PERCENTAGE FILL
APPLICATION SCRIPT
WINDOW SCRIPT
KEY SCRIPT
CONDITION SCRIPT

27. Name of InstitutionTAG’s
 It is the address of the memory
location where signals are being
saved.
 We define a TAG in order to use
it in the SCADA
software(Intouch wonderware).
 TYPES : 1) Analog 2) Digital 3)
Strings
 These are further associated with
either “Memory” or “I/O” type
tags.
 PC-SCADA – Memory
analog/digital/string tag
 PLC-SCADA - I/O
analog/digital/string tag

28. Name of InstitutionFeatures & Software
FEATURES
 Dynamic process graphic
 Alarm triggering
 Database connectivity
 Real time trend and historical trend
view
 Security & Recipe management
 Device connectivity
SOFTWARES
 Wonderware- Intouch
 Rockwell- RS view32
 Siemens- winCC

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Dynamic process graphic

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• Using this feature, one can develop graphics which can resemble
the plant.
• The graphic can include Reactor, Valves, Pumps, agitators,
conveyors as well as other equipment and machinery used in the
plant.
• The status of the equipment running / stopped can be shown
using different color / animations.
• Typically the SCADA Software will have many ready to use
symbols for proper representation which can be used in any type
of industry.
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31. Name of InstitutionAlarm triggering

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Every plant need proper monitoring and control of the process
parameters.
 Alarms represent warnings of process conditions that could
cause problems, and require an operator response.
Generally alarms are implemented by using the lamps or
hooters in field but in SCADA it can be represented using
animation.
In many SCADA software, four type of alarm limits are used ie
HI, HIHI,LOW, LOW LOW.

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We can also monitor the Real time operation and the process
on Graph .
TREND

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This facility is used for representing the data in graphical form.
Typically the trends plots the value with reference to the time.
Real-time data will plot the real-time value fixed period of time
while historical data stored value which can be viewed on demand.
Depending upon the storing capacity of the hard-disk on can
specify the no of days the data can be stored .
Some SCADA software show real-time and historical trends in
single graphics while few others use separate tools..

35. Name of InstitutionSECURITY
 Every SCADA Software has various levels of security for
securing the application by avoiding unauthorized access.
 Depending upon the access level given the operator / engineers
is allowed to do the task. In the most of the case, operators are
allowed only to operate the plant while maintenance engineers
can do the application modifications.
 The security can be given for individuals as well as for groups.
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36. Name of InstitutionRecipe Management
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In many case we use the same plant for manufacturing different
product range. for example an oil blending plant can manufacture
power oil, transformer oil, automobile oil.
The recipe management is facility is used to maintain various
recipes of different products and implement it on the process.
The recipe can be stored in a single server and it can be fetched
by any client server from any area to run the process.

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In Industry SCADA were designed on Computer System , and display
may be on computer screen, LCD Display or Projector

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