3. Starter Imagine you are from a country trying to start a war with Britain….. 1. Where would you station your troops? (i.e. in a nearby country?) 2.What city / cities would you target, and why? 3.Is Britain an easy / difficult target to attack? Justify your answer 4. Are there any particular public figures you’d target?

4. Learning outcome By the end of the double period we will have….. Evaluated how close the world came to WWIII because of the Cuban missile crisis

5. Task 1 – what can you gather from the source alone?

6. Think C.U.B.A. C haracters involved: U nderstanding events – what is going on? B ody language and expressions of characters A ny other things of significance or interest?

7. Quick 6 mark question – 10 minutes. What is the message of this cartoon? Use details from the cartoon and your own knowledge to explain your answer. Level 1 – simple surface reading of the cartoon. Two men having an arm-wrestle. (say what you can see – catch phrase style) 1-mark Level 2 – interprets events taking place in the cartoon. (attaches meaning to what is taking place) 2-3 marks Level 3 – interprets events taking place in the cartoon and supports these with details from the cartoon or interprets events and supports these with own knowledge. 4-5 marks Level 4 – Interpretation of events supported by details from the cartoon and from own knowledge. 6-marks

8. How are we going to work today? A3 sheet

10. Let’s view a brief summary I want you to watch this clip from and just view it with this question in mind…is it fair and balanced ?[use Post-it]

11. Cuban missile crisis

12. What is the message of this cartoon published in 1962? [6]

14. Question Feedback [6] marks –- not bad answers, but the key to sources and understanding them = date. They are chosen for a REASON

15. Who had the most nuclear bases?

16. How dangerous were missiles on Cuba?

17. Cuban missile crisis: where did it take place?

18. Cuban missile crisis

19. Cuban missile crisis 16:06:1997

20. Cuban missile crisis: where? Life expectancy = Florida No citizen wears glasses!

22. Cuban missile crisis: where? Sum up on your A3 sheet where exactly Cuba is in relation to USA and USSR

23. Cuban missile crisis: short term causes? The 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion was an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Communist government of Fidel Castro. The Americans, keen to get rid of Communist Castro, provided weapons and planning advice to Cuban exiles who wanted to take control of the country. The invasion failed and the American backing was discovered. America was left with ‘egg on its face’ and Castro practically cut all links with the USA and its government. Over the following year Castro and Khrushchev became closer, both massively suspicious of US intentions.

24. Castro.

25. Cuban missile crisis: who? Name DOB Political beliefs Misc. information Fidel Castro 13:08:1926 Communist Lead revolution in Cuba in 1959 and has been Prime Minister ever since. Recently has been very ill JFK 29:5:1917- 22:11:1963 Democrat Youngest ever President, part of the Kennedy Political family. Assassinated in 1963 CV

26. Cuban missile crisis :JFK

27. Cuban missile crisis: who? Name DOB Political beliefs Misc. information Nikita Khruschev 17:04:1894-11:09:1971 Communist In charge of Russia during the Bay of Pigs and Cuban Missile Crisis. Eventually the army helped remove him from power CV Source A Letter from Kruschev to Kennedy “ Your rockets are situated in Britain, in Italy and are aimed at us. You are worried by Cuba. You say it worries you because it is…..90 miles from….America. Turkey is next to us. I therefore make this proposal…we agree to remove our missiles from Cuba…you will remove your missiles from Turkey.” Source B Letter from Kruschev to Kennedy “ I have received your message of 27th October. The Soviet Government(USSR) has given a new order to get rid of those missiles which you have described as offensive…and return them to the Soviet Union.”

28. Domesday clock.

29. Cuban missile crisis: timeline of events For fourteen days during October 1962, the world held its breath as John F Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev tried to reach a compromise and avoid nuclear war. Ernest May investigates how Kennedy demonstrated his leadership skills during the crisis. Early on Tuesday 16 October 1962, John F Kennedy's national security assistant, McGeorge Bundy, brought to the President's bedroom some high-altitude photographs taken from U-2 planes flying over Cuba. They showed Soviet soldiers hurriedly and secretly setting up nuclear-armed missiles. For some time previously the Soviets had openly been sending weaponry to Cuba, including surface-to-air anti-aircraft missiles (SAMs). To deflect any criticism about this from the Republicans, who were busy campaigning for the November congressional elections, Kennedy had said he would not protest about such defensive weaponry being installed in Cuba, but warned that if the Soviets ever introduced offensive weapons, 'the gravest issues would arise.' Since Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev had promised repeatedly not to send offensive weapons to Cuba, and America's top intelligence analysts had predicted that he would keep his word, Kennedy felt safe in voicing this warning. The U-2 photographs, however, showed that Khrushchev had been lying. The 'gravest issues' were at hand. The United States at the time had more than 25,000 nuclear weapons in their arsenal. The Soviet Union had not quite half as many. Kennedy's predecessor, Dwight Eisenhower, had calculated in 1960 that, if a crisis led either side to fire nuclear weapons, all humans in the northern hemisphere could perish. 'Gravest issues' indeed.

34. Cuban missile crisis: timeline of events

35. Cuban missile crisis: timeline of events JFK declares a naval blockade of Cuba Sunday October 21 st 1962 JFK meets with Army chiefs of staff to discuss military options Friday October 19 th 1962 JFK meets with Soviet foreign minister – who denies there are any USSR missiles in Cuba Wednesday October 17 th 1962 President Kennedy convenes his Executive Committee to discuss the US’s options Tuesday October 16 th 1962 A U-2 reconnaissance aircraft reveals several nuclear missiles in Cuba Monday Oct 15 th 1962 Event Date

36. Cuban missile crisis: timeline of events JFK signs the Limited Test Ban Treaty 1963 JFK terminates the quarantine line Wednesday November 21 st 1962 JFK orders USSR ships to remain on quarantine line, and still authorises spy plane flights Monday October 29 th 1962 The crisis is over. Khruschev announces dismantling of missiles on Cuba. Sunday October 28 th 1962 US spy plane shot down over Cuba. USSR letter reiterates they will leave Cuba but requests US remove their weapons from Turkey Saturday October 27 th 1962 Event Date

37. Cuban missile crisis: timeline of events USSR sends a letter to JFK stating they would remove their missiles if USA publicly states they will not invade Cuba Friday October 26 th 1962 US Ambassador Stevenson confronts the USSR at the UN, but they ignore him. The US put their military to DEFCON-2 the highest in history! Thursday October 25 th 1962 Soviet ships reach the quarantine line but are told to hold their position by Moscow JFK concludes that if America attacks, then they will be attacked from Cuba Wednesday October 24 th 1962 Diplomatic discussion at the UN Tuesday October 23 rd 1962 JFK addresses the US people, Castro mobilizes Cuban forces Monday October 22 nd 1962 Event Date

40. Which source is the most accurate in explaining the Cuba Missile Crisis in 1962? [12]

41. Essay Plan

42. Which source is the most accurate in explaining the Cuba Missile Crisis in 1962? [12] Level 1 [1-4] Simplistic statements. May refer to one, or both sources or may simply write from own knowledge. Level 2[3-7] Argues ONE source over the other is more important. Will examine detail in source (s) - but may mention historical context of Cuba missile crisis. Level 3[6-11] Examines BOTH sources - providing evidence to explain why both could be classed as most accurate. Must mention the context with detail of the Cuba Missile Crisis. Level 4[10-15] Examines both sides and SUPPORTED conclusion. Must included detailed analysis re- the crisis in 1962.

43. Action Have you done this? Completed an essay plan Talked about when the Cuban missile crisis was In your introduction offered a balanced answer – both sources have their own merits Analysed in detail both the sources Returned to the question of which one is most accurate at the end of each paragraph Completed a conclusion – in which you discuss which one is the MOST accurate Added bits of your own knowledge

44. A bit of Bush.

45. A bit more of Bush.

46. What are we looking at next?