The document discusses the origins and classifications of Arab tribes prior to Islam, dividing them into three groups: ancient Arabs of unknown history, pure Arabs descended from Qahtan, and Arabized Arabs descended from Ishmael. It describes the major tribes within the Himyar and Kahlan groups. The document also provides background on Abraham's journey from Ar to Harran, Palestine, and Egypt and his family connections that tie the Arabized Arabs back to him.

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Gfhhp)
Location and Nature of Arab Tribes
Beyond a shadow of doubt, the biography of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
manifestedly represents an exhaustive embodiment of the sublime Divine Message
that he communicated in order to deliver the human race from the swamp of
darkness and polytheism to the paradise of light and monotheism. An image,
authentic as well as comprehensive, of this Message is therefore only attainable
through careful study and profound analysis of both backgrounds and issues of such
a biography. In view of this, a whole chapter is here introduced about the nature
and development of Arab tribes prior to Islam as well as the circumstantial
environment that enwrapped the Prophet's mission.
Linguistically, the word "Arab" means deserts and waste barren land well-nigh
waterless and treeless. Ever since the dawn of history, the Arabian Peninsula and its
people have been called as such.
Arab Tribes
Arab kinfolks have been divided according to lineage into three groups:
1. Perishing Arabs: The ancient Arabs, of whose history little is known, and of whom
were ‘Ad, Thamûd, Tasam, Jadis, Emlaq, and others.
2. Pure Arabs: Who originated from the progeny of Ya‘rub bin Yashjub bin Qahtan.
They were also called Qahtanian Arabs.
3. Arabized Arabs: Who originated from the progeny of Ishmael. They were also
called ‘Adnanian Arabs.
a. Himyar: The most famous of whose septs were Zaid Al-Jamhur, Quda‘a and
Sakasic.
b. Kahlan: The most famous of whose septs were Hamdan, Anmar, Tai’, Mudhhij,
Kinda, Lakhm, Judham, Azd, Aws, Khazraj and the descendants of Jafna — the kings
of old Syria.
The Arabized Arabs go back in ancestry to their great grandfather Abraham [AWS]
from a town called "Ar" near Kufa on the west bank of the Euphrates in Iraq.
Excavations brought to light great details of the town, Abraham’s family, and the
prevalent religions and social circumstances. [Tafheem-ul-Qur'an, 1/553]
It is known that Abraham [AWS] left Ar for Harran and then for Palestine, which he
made headquarters for his Message. He wandered all over the area. When he went
to Egypt, the Pharaoh tried to do evil to his wife Sarah, but Allâh saved her and the
Pharaoh’s wicked scheme recoiled on him. He thus came to realize her strong
attachment to Allâh, and, in acknowledgment of her grace, the Pharaoh rendered
his daughter Hagar at Sarah’s service, but Sarah gave Hagar to Abraham as a wife.
[Bukhari 1/474]
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