1. Reproductive Biotechnologies for
Endangered Mammalian Species
by :
Chalissa Nuruzzulfa
Nadya Veronica Margarechaesa Anindita
Rahma Dian Quratu A’yunisa
Rizha Hardyansyah
Dosen Pengampu :
Dr. Dra. Sri Rahayu, Mkes.

2. Introduction
Extinction
Caused by
Habitat
destruction,
over hunting,
competition
solution
Mantain
Biodiversity
aim
ART (Assisted
Reproductive
Techniques) and
Conservation

3. Conservation
Habitat Preservation :
1. In situ conservation
Live population of animals in their adaptive
environments
2. Ex situ conservation
Outside its natural environment (realocating)

4. ART (Assisted Reproductive Techniques)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Gamete Cryopreservation
Artificial Insemination
In Vitro Fertilization
Transfer Embryo

5. Gamete Cryopreservation
The ability to freeze and thaw with retention
of viability. Frozen tissue can be stored
indefinitely in liquid nitrogen at -196°C. It
stops temporary the motabolic process
without kill the cell.

6. Process
collecting
gamete
transfer to
vial/straw
(add
cryoprotect
ant)
storage
Cooling until
–800c
cooling in liquid
nitrogen
storage
(-1960c)

7. Artificial Insemination
Artificial insemination is a means of attaining
pregnancy not involving sexual intercourse. It
deliberates introduction of semen into
female’s vagina or oviduct for the purpose of
achieving a pregnancy through fertilisation.

8. Process
observing
ovulation
sperm
injection
sperm
collected
sperm washed
ovulation

9. In Vitro Fertilization
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process by which an
egg is fertilised by sperm outside the body. The
term in vitro, from the Latin meaning in glass, is
used, because early biological experiments
involving cultivation of tissues outside the living
organism from which they came, were carried out
in glass containers such as beakers, test tubes, or
petri dishes. Today, the term in vitro is used to
refer to any biological procedure that is
performed outside the organism it would
normally be occurring.

10. Process
Stimulating
ovulation
Removing ovum
from ovary
Embryo
Transfer
Insemination
Embryo
Culture

11. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
involves injecting a single sperm directly into
an egg in order to fertilise it. The fertilised egg
(embryo) is then transferred to the woman’s
womb.
The major development of ICSI means that as
long as some sperm can be obtained (even in
very low numbers), fertilisation is possible.

12. Genome Resources Banking
Genome resource banking (GRB) is defined as the
storage of gametes and embryos from threatened
populations with a deliberate intention to use them in
a breeding program at some future occasion.
Genetic material from rare and endangered species can
be collected and preserved indefinitely in liquid
nitrogen (-196°C). These genetic samples can provide
'insurance' for the future against catastrophic events
and can potentially be a resource allowing
reintroduction of genes into a population via artificial
insemination or embryo transfer.

13. Nuclear Transfer
Nuclear transfer is the technique currently
used in the cloning. The parental nucleus were
replaced by the new one from the donor
nucleus to produce the duplicate of donor.

14. Process
Removing ovum
from ovary
Remove the
nucleus
Implantation
Replace with
donor
nucleus

15. Embryo Transfer
Superior mother produce high quality of
zygot, than implanted it in to another mother.
It allows a high production number of the
children with a high quality.

16. h
Thank You