Training from kstps kota

1. A SEMINAR PRESENTATION
ON
Kota SUPER thermal power
station
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
VIVEKANANDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,JAIPUR
Guided By :-
Presented By :-
Mrs. Meetu Nag
Electrical Department
Ajit Singh Rajawat
VII th semester
Electrical Branch

2. CONTENTS
 1. REASON FOR CHOOSING KOTA FOR THERMAL PLANT SETUP
 2. INTRODUCTION
3. DESIGN
4. LAYOUT OF THERMAL POWER PLANT
5. COAL HANDING PLANT
6. OVERVIEW OF COAL HANDLING PLANT
7.WAGON TRIPLER
 7. CRUSHING SYSTEM
 8. CONVEYING SYSTEM
 9. DEARATOR
10. COLLING TOWER
11. CONDENSER
12. ECONOMISER
13. AIR PREHEATOR
14. SUPER HEATOR
15. REHEATOR
16. CONTROL PANEL
17. GENERATOR
18. TRANSFORMER
19.TURBINE
20.SWITCHYARD
21.BOILER
22.ASH HANDLING PLANT
23.ELECTRO STATIC PRECIPITATOR
24.CHIMNEY
25CONCLUSION

3. REASON FOR CHOOSING KOTA
FOR THERMAL PLANT SETUP

Availability of large amount of clean cooling water
required for the station.
 Location of station on broad gauge main Delhi- Mumbai
Railway line
 Concentration of load in Kota city and Kota region.
 Constant power supply.
 Proximity to M.P. Coal fields.
 Transmission and Grid substation are quite nearer to the
site.

4. INTRODUCTION
KSTPS is first coal based power plant in Rajasthan.
It is located ideally on the left bank of CHAMBAL
River at the upstream of KOTA BARRAGE.
Its first unit of capacity 110 MW is synchronized on
17 jan 1983.
It is one of highest power generating plant with
installed capacity of 1240 MW.

5. DESIGN
STAGES
Stage V
Stage I
Unit 1 – 110 MW
Unit 2 – 110 MW
Stage II
Unit 3 – 210 MW
Unit 4 – 210 MW
Unit 7 – 195 MW
Stage III
Unit 5 – 210 MW
Stage IV
Unit 6 – 195 MW
110 + 110 + 210 + 210 + 210 + 195 +195 = 1240 MW

6. Layout of thermal power plant

7. COAL HANDLING PLANT
 Is called the HEART of thermal power plant
because it provided the fuel for combustion
in boiler.
 The coal is brought to the KSTPS from
BHARAT COAL LTD.DHANBAD
SOUTH EASTERN COAL FIELD LTD.
 BILASPUR(M.P.)

&
There are 14 tracks for transportation.
 Everyday 3- 4 trains of coal are unloaded,
each train consists 58 wagons.
 Coal is unloaded from wagons by means of
WAGON TRIPPLER

8. OVERVIEW OF COAL HANDLING
PLANT
Row coal from
Bharat coal ltd.
Dhanbad &
bilaspur(MP)
To KSTPS from gurla via a
single railway track
Wagon Tripler
Coal size reduced by 20 mm
Bunkers
Crusher house
Hoppers
Row coal feeders
CONVEYING SYSTEM
Coal mills
(pulverization)
BOILER FURNACE
TANGENTIAL FIRING OF PULVERISED COAL

9. WAGON TRIPLER
Unload the coal from
wagon to hopper.
Hopper allows to pass
coal pieces ≤ 200mm
From hopper coal fall
on vibrator which is
supported by roller.

10. CRUSHING SYSTEM
 CRUSHER HOUSE:- Its main
function to crush the coal to
20mm
 Two types
Primary crusher
oRail crusher
oRotary breaker
Secondary crusher

11. CONVEYING SYSTEM
Belt are used to convey coal
from coal handling plant to
furnace.

 Specification:Belt width : 1400mm
Speed : 2.2m/sec
Total install power : 360kw
Capacity : 1350/750 ton/hr
No. of conveyor: 38

12. DEARATOR
 A Dearator is a device that
is widely used for the
removal of air and other
dissolved gases from the feed
water to steam generating
boilers.
 Dearator is designed to
remove oxygen down to
levels of 7 ppm

13. COLLING TOWER
 It converts hot water from into cold water.
 Its purpose is to re use of the water.
 Its increase the efficiency of plant.
 It increase the per capital investment of plant.
 In K.S.T.P.S. only unit 6th and 7th has cooling
tower.

14. CONDENSER
 To provide lowest economic heat rejection
temperature for the steam. Thus saving on
steam required per unit of electricity.
 To convert exhaust steam to water for reuse
thus saving on feed water requirement.

15. ECONOMISER
Function-To extract some part of
heat from flue gases & heat the
feed water
Process- Counter flow of flue
gases & water
Benefits- Increases efficiency

16. AIR PRI-HEATER
Primary air
Secondary air
Air preheater
Flue gas
is a heat
exchanger in which preheating
of air done by transferring heat
from the
flue gas before
supplying to the combustion
chamber . For better combustion
the air temp. 250 to 350 is
always desired .
The preheating of air results:
1.Improved combustion
2.Saving in fuel consumption
3.Thermal efficiency.

17. AIR PRI-HEATER(CONT.)
Flue
gas
Primary
air
Secondary
air

18. SUPERHEATER
1. Superheats are meant to raise the temp. of steam
by absorbing heat from flue gases steam them.
2.Super heater eliminates the formulation of
condensate during transporting of steam in
pipelines and inside the early stages of turbine,
which is harmful to the turbine blades and
pipelines .
3. Superheated steam is led into the H.P. turbine
through main steam stop valve.

19. REHEATER
 Reheater are used to raise the temp of
steam which has been expanded once
in high pressure turbine. They used the
heat absorbed from the flue gases.

20. CONTROL PANEL
Steam pressure &
control desk
Turbine desk
Fan control
desk
Fuel control
desk
Generator
control desk

21. GENERATOR
• An electrical generator
is a machine which
converts
mechanical
energy into electrical
energy through electro
mechanical
energy
conversion .
• The generator is driven
by
directly
coupled
steam turbine at a
speed of 3000 r.p.m.
Mechanical
power
Electrical
Energy

22. TRANSFORMER
Transformer is a static device which step up or
step down the voltage without change in frequency.
There are various types of transformers used in
kota super thermal power station.






Generating Transformer
Unit Auxiliary Transformer (U.A.T.)
Station Transformer (S.T.)
Station Service Transformer (S.S.T)
Unit Service Transformer (U.S.T.)
Instrument Transformer
(A) Potential Transformer
(B) Current Transformer

23. TURBINE
 Turbine is a machine in which a shaft is
rotated steadily by impact or reaction of
current or stream of working substance
(steam ,air , water , gases etc.).

It convert the PE or KE of the working
substance into
mechanical power by
virtue of dynamic action of working
substance.

24. TURBINE(CONT.)
BOILER & SUPERHEATER
STEAM AT
545 C
STEAM AT
535 C
H P TURBINE
REHEATER
M P TURBINE
STEAM AT
535 C
STEAM AT
545 C
L P TURBINE

25. SWITCHYARD
The 220 KV Switch yard is the main part of the KTPS
it has two buses arrangement with a bus coupled breaker.
There are 11 feeders connected at 220 KV switchyard

26. MAIN PARTS OF SWITCHYARD











Bus Bar
Bus Coupler
Isolating switch
Earthing Switch
Lightning Arrester
Current & Potential Transformer (CT&PT)
Circuit Breaker
Capacitive Voltage Transformer (CVT)
Wave Trap
Supporting Structures
Power Transformer

27. BUS BAR
 An electrical conductor, maintained at a specific
voltage and capable of carrying a high current,
usually used to make a common connection between
several circuits in a system.
 A group of such electrical conductors at a low
voltage, used for carrying data in binary form
between the various parts of a computer or its
peripherals Sometimes shortened to bus.

28. BUS COUPLER
 Bus coupler is a device which is used to switch from
one bus to the other without any interruption in power supply
and without creating hazardous arcs. It is achieved with the
help of circuit breaker and isolators.
 Bus couplers are used in distribution system to provide better
isolation and protection from electrical arcs . They are used
on Transformers to connect it to the distribution system . It
has it advantage over direct coupling with respect to arc
suppression as they provide greater impedance to the path of
the load . So , they provide better arc protection especially,
during the transient or switching period

29. ISOLATING SWITCH
 A
disconnector or isolator switch is
used to make sure that an electrical
circuit can be completely de-energised
for service or maintenance.

30. LIGHTNING ARRESTER
 A protective device for electrical equipment
that reduces excessive voltage resulting from
lightning to a safe level by grounding the
discharge.
 A device for preventing damage to radio,
telephonic, or other electric equipment from
lightning or other high-voltage currents.

31. CURRENT TRANSFORMER
 When current in a circuit is too high to directly
apply to measuring instruments, a current
transformer produces a reduced current accurately
proportional to the current in the circuit, which
can be conveniently connected to measuring and
recording instruments.
 A current transformer also isolates the measuring
instruments from what may be very high voltage
in the monitored circuit.

32. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
 Potential
Transformer
or
Voltage
Transformer are used in electrical power
system for stepping down the system voltage
to a safe value which can be fed to low ratings
meters and relays. Commercially available
relays and meters used for protection and
metering, are designed for low voltage.

33. CIRCUIT BREAKER
 A
circuit
breaker
is
an
automatically
operated electrical switch designed to protect
an electrical circuit from damage caused
by overload or short circuit.
 Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and
interrupt current flow. Unlike a fuse, which operates
once and then must be replaced, a circuit breaker can
be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume
normal operation.

34. CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMER
 A
capacitor voltage transformer (CVT),
or
capacitance
coupled
voltage
transformer (CCVT) is a transformer used
in power systems to step down extra high
voltage signals and provide a low voltage signal,
for measurement or to operate a protective relay.

35. WAVE TRAP
 A notch filter, usually a simple LC circuit, is used to
remove a specific interfering frequency.
 This is a technique used with radio receivers that are
so close to a transmitter that it swamps all other
signals. The wave trap is used to remove, or greatly
reduce, the signal from the local transmitter.

36. BOILER
1.The utility boilers are large capacity steam
generators
used for the electrical power generation.
2. In boiler heat energy is released from the
combustion
of fossils fuel and heat is transferred to different
fluids in the system.
3. The boiler installed in K.S.T.P.S. are single drum,
tangential fired water tube naturally circulated over
hanged ,pulverizing coal firing with a max.
Continuous steam output of 375 tons/hour at 138
kg/cm2 pressure and 5400C temperature.

37. BOILER (CONT.)
stack
DM water
Boiler water
tubes
& various stages
Super
heated
steam
Flue gases
Air from
environment
via draft fans
Boiler furnace
Ash
handling
plant
Pulverized coal

38. ASH HANDLING PLANT
 ELECTRO STATIC PRECIPITATOR (ESP).
 Chimney.
 Ash : Fly ash(80%)
Used for making bricks, Cement.
 Bottom ash (20%).
Used to improve fertility , Roads.

39. ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR
Used for the removal of suspended particles and fly ash from
industrial flue gases
 PRINCIPLE- Produces an electrostatic field which attracts the
ionized carbon particles and other such particulates which cause
environmental pollution.
39

40. CHIMNEY
 A single chimney of 180 M height with two
separate flues for the two unit each of
110 MW is provided.
 Similarly another chimney with three
separate flues is also provided for another
three units of 210 MW each
 Two chimney for the 6th & 7th unit of 195
MW is also constructed .

41. CONCLUSION
 It was a knowledgeable experience while
taking practical training at KOTA SUPER
POWER THERMAL STATION .
 It proved an opportunity for encounter with
such huge machines like tippler ,turbine and
generator. But there are few factors that
require special mention.

42. THANK YOU

43. QUARRY??
QUESTION
ANSWER