seminar paper on BROADBAND OVER POWER LINES. It is the method of data transfer through the existing power lines. "Wherever electricity is available there could be broadband"

1. BROADBAND OVER POWER LINE
By:
RAJESH ARAYANKARA
IEANEEE034
Guided by
Vineeth Mohan
Asst. Prof, Dept. of EEE

2. OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION.
 Introduction
 Literature study
 BPL
 Architecture
 OFDM techniques
 Types of BPL
 Advantages

3. INTRODUCTION.
 Broadband over Power Line (BPL) is a technology that
allows the voice and internet data to be transmitted
using the existing power lines
 The basic concept of this technology is that it offers high
speed internet access to our homes through the
commonly accessible electrical paths
 With broadband over power lines, or BPL, you can
plug your computer into any electrical outlet in your
home and instantly have access to high-speed Internet

4. LITERATURE STUDY.
Broadband
High Speed Access to Internet.
Greater than 128Kbps.
Always ON
Simultaneous up-link and down link
communication.
Made possible by digital modems.

5. Broadband Technologies
Wireless
3G Mobile
Wireline
Wi-Fi (Wireless
Fidelity)
LMDS & MMDS
FSO (Free Space
Optics)
Satellite
DSL (Digital Sub’s
Line)
Cable Modem
Optical Fibre
Technologies
BPL (Broadband Over
Power Line)
WiMAX

6. ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: CABLE—USE OF CABLE
TV PROVIDER’S COAXIAL OR FIBRE-COAXIAL
SYSTEMS TO TRANSMIT BROADBAND SIGNALS.
 Speed: 1 Mbps to 3 Mbps
 Reach: Available where cable has been installed
so some rural and suburban locations may not
have access.
 Remark: The speed of the signal varies by the
number of users on the neighbourhood network
loop; it degrades with high numbers of users.

7. ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: DSL—USE OF EXISTING
COPPER TELEPHONE WIRES TO TRANSMIT
BROADBAND SIGNAL.
 Speed: 1.5 Mbps
 Reach: In general, a residence must be within
about 18,000 feet of the DSL central equipment
office.
 Remark: Not capable of transmitting TV signals.

8. ACCESS TECHNOLOGY:FIBRE (FTTX)—USE OF
OPTICAL FIBRE LINES TO HOME (FTTH) OR
BUSINESS (FTTB) TO DELIVER BROADBAND
SERVICES.
 Speed: 1 Mbps to 1 Gbps
 Reach: Fibre to the premises available in some
locations, but its deployment has been limited by
high costs.
 Remark: Cost reductions enabled by passive
optical networks (PON) and advances in
component technology are expected to bring costs
down.

9. ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: SATELLITE
 Speed: 500 Kbps
 Reach: Requires a clear view to the south (in
the northern hemisphere).
 Remark:Trees and even heavy rain may affect
reception on Internet data.

10. ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: WIMAX— WORLDWIDE
INTEROPERABILITY FOR MICROWAVE ACCESS,
BASED ON A JANUARY 2003 IEEE STANDARD
(802.16), SUPPORTS DEVELOPMENT
 Speed: Up to 75 - 100 Mbps
 Reach: Has a range of about 10- 12 kilo meters
of a single base station. This technology has a
predicted point-to point range of 25 miles or more
 Remark: It is expected to reduce its service
charge as it could catch a large number of
customers.

11. BPL
 Speed: Commercial - up to 3Mbps Residences - 5
Mbps or higher
 Reach: BPL can be applied to the ubiquitous
electric distribution network.
 Remark: Speeds same for upload

12. ARCHITECTURE OF BPL

13.  Power lines are most important components in BPL.
 Power grid consist of Generators, Substations, Transformers, Power lines
 DATA cannot send through high voltage lines, due to electric noise
 It directly injected to MV or LV lines
 The power signal doesn’t interfere with the BPL data signal. It has a
signal range of 1.705-30 MHz

14. BPL SYSTEM CONTAINS
 Injector
 Coupler
 Repeater
 Extractor and
 modem

15. INJECTOR
 It is used to inject data into LV or MV lines
 It mounted in the substation.
 OFDM Technique is used here.
 Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a method of
digital modulation in which a signal is split into several narrowband
channels at different frequencies.

16. COUPLER
 Couplers are used to connect the Injector to power lines
 Two types, Inductive and Capacitive
 Capacitive type have greater efficiency but it required physical
connection to the line
 Inductive type couplers are connected using ferrite cores
Inductive coupler

17. REPEATER
 It is a high frequency operation, distance covered by the BPL signal is
very limited.
 To overcome this problem Repeaters is used.
 Connected the poles of the power supply lines.
 The repeater decodes the OFDM signal, regenerates it and then again
converts it to the OFDM signal and transmits it again.

18. EXTRACTOR
 An extractor also has a repeater which boosts the signal before
transmitting onto power lines.

19. MODEM
 Use specially designed Silicon Chips.
 Capable of handling PowerLine Noise-
through use of specially developed
modulation technique & adaptive
algorithm.
 roughly the size of a common
power adapter.
 It plugs into a common wall socket.
 Ethernet cable running to computer
finishes the connection. Wireless versions
are also available.

20. OFDM TECHNIQUE
 Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a method of
digital modulation in which a signal is split into several narrowband
channels at different frequencies.
 OFDM is based on the idea of frequency division multiplexing (FDM)
 In FDM, about fifty percent of the total spectrum is wasted due to guard
bands which are needed between sub-carriers to ensure that they do not
overlap
 OFDM is much more spectrally efficient than FDM. It reduces the
required bandwidth by squeezing subcarriers tightly together until they
actually overlap with each other
 By keeping the sub-carriers orthogonal in the complex domain so that
they do not interfere with each other.

22. OPERATION OF OFDM
 Typically PSK or QAM modulations schemes are used
 IFFT performs the transformation efficiently and ensures orthogonality
of the sub carriers
 Cyclic prefix eliminate Guard time between adjacent symbols

24. OFDM
Spread
Spectrum
Techniques (FH
and DS)
Single Carrier
Spectral
Efficiency
Good Poor Moderate
Robustness
Against Channel
Distortions
Excellent Not Good Good
Robustness
Against
Impulsive Noise
Fair Fair Good
Ability to adapt
to channel
changes
Excellent Fair Good
Implementation
Costs
(Equalizers,
etc.)
Fair Poor
Poor (Equalizers
required)

25. TYPES OF BPL
 There is two types of BPL
1) Access BPL
2) In-House
1. Access BPL.
 Utilize the power distribution network, owned, operated and
controlled by an electricity service provider.
 Use injectors, repeaters and extractors to deliver high-speed
broadband services to the end-user.
 There is two type End to End & Hybrid Access BPL

26. END TO END
 In this system we either use a combination of Medium
Voltage (MV) and Low Voltage (LV) or a LV power line
 The signal is directly injected into the power line and
through the LV transformer is directly delivered to the end
user

27. HYBRID
 In Hybrid System a combination of MV power lines and wireless
transmission.
 The signal is injected wirelessly and then using an extractor is
transmitted onto a MV power line which delivers it to the end user

28. IN-HOUSE BPL
 Network machines within the building.
 Utilize electric power lines not owned,
operated or controlled by an electricity service
provider, such as the electric wiring in a
privately owned building.
 Devices are connected to the in-building wiring
and use electrical sockets as access points.
 designed to provide short-distance
communication solutions
 Product applications include networking and
sharing common resources such as printers.

29. ADVANTAGES
 Wide Coverage: power lines are available in everywere.
So it has a wide coverage area
 Cost: We use existing wires for data transmission

30. REFERENCE
 Seema, Dr. Neetu Sharma “Broadband over Power Line”, International
Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Volume 5 Issue 6, June 2016
 Seema, Mrs. Neetu Sharma “Broadband over Power Line”, International
Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research Vol.
4, Issue 2, pp: (303-307), Month: April - June 2016
 Anushree Gawde, Chintan Patel, Nadeem Masani, Tushar Parekh
“Broadband Over Power Lines: Internet Everywhere”, International
Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 10,
October-2014
 “Data Transmission Through Power Lines” BY C.A. Daque (M-IEEE),
P.G> Barbosa (M-IEEE), and D.P. Baotista (Student member IEEE)
 Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_line_communication
 Broadband over power line for Indian telecom network- by Ram Krishna,
R. K. Siddhartha Naveen Kumar, G. L. Jogi