AI AND FUNDAMENTAL GAME TECHNOLOGIESIN FINAL FANTASY XV

© 2017 SQUARE ENIX CO.,LTD. All Rights Reserved.
YOUICHIRO MIYAKE, SQUARE ENIX CO., LTD.
ISAMU HASEGAWA, SQUARE ENIX CO., LTD.
AI AND FUNDAMENTAL GAME TECHNOLOGIES
IN FINAL FANTASY XV

AGENDA
• Our studio and products.
• Visual Script
– What is visual script?
– Advantages
– Best practices
• AI in FINAL FANTASY XV

• The majority of the members are Japanese.
• But some of them are from:
China, India, Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, etc. (in alphabetical order)
• Globalized product development
MULTINATIONAL

CG TECHNOLOGY
• Develop both of pre-rendering movies, and real-time games.
– SIGGRAPH 2016 Electronic Theater
“The Universe of FINAL FANTASY XV”
– SIGGRAPH 2016 Real-Time Live!
“Real-time technologies of FINAL FANTASY XV battles”
– Bidirectional technical cooperation and asset sharing.
Pre-rendering ⇔ Real-time

ACADEMIC CONTRIBUTION
• SIGGRAPH 2017
– CG in Asia
– Production Art Gallery
– 1 Poster
– 2 Talk sessions (Character Art, and Snapshot system)
• SIGGRAPH 2016
– Electronic Theater
– Real-Time Live!
– 5 Talk sessions (AI/Animation, Env, CharModel, Rendering, VFX)
• GDC 2017
– “FINAL FANTASY XV: A Challenger Once Again”
– “How a Buddy-AI Auto-Snapshots Your Adventure in FFXV”
• CEDEC2017
– 3 Sessions (Working Mother, AI, Animation)
• CEDEC2016
– 5 Sessions (AI, UI, Backend, Optimization, CharEnv)
• Collaborations with Tokyo University of the Arts.
■ Art
■ Technology

WHAT IS VISUAL SCRIPT?
• Write logic by assembling visual elements.
– scratch (MIT Media Lab.): assembling blocks
– node graph based visual script: nodes and edges
• Advantages
– Readable
– Easy to develop
• Target / Purpose
– For education
– For non programmer

WHAT IS VISUAL SCRIPT? (CONTD.)
• Visual script
for education
– scratch
– Blockly
– Programin
(プログラミン)
Scratch is developed by the Lifelong Kindergarten Group at the MIT Media Lab. See http://scratch.mit.edu

NODE GRAPH BASED VISUAL SCRIPT
Node properties
Node
Pin: node in/output
Edge: control/data flow

ROUGH WORKFLOW
Concept Art
Artist
Modeler
Animator
Etc.
Programmer
Planner
Game Engine
Level Script
Level Script
Level Script
Game
Assets(Model,…)

REQUIREMENTS FOR GAME DEV.
• Many non-programmers write many scripts.
• Many types of scripts cooperate.
• High affinity for native codes.

WHY VISUAL SCRIPTS IN GAME DEV.
Requirements
• Many non-programmers
write many scripts.
• Many types of scripts
cooperate.
• High affinity for native codes.
Characteristics of visual scripts
• Graphical
• Simple semantics
Advantages
• Low learning cost
• High productivity
?

COMPONENTIZATION IN VISUAL SCRIPT
Characteristics of visual scripts
• Graphical
• Simple semantics
Easy to componentize

COMPONENTIZATION (CONTD.)
Can be a node graph of other type
Many types of scripts cooperate

COMPONENTIZATION (CONTD.)
Can be replaced with native code node implementation
High affinity for native codes

UNMAINTENANCABLE HUGE GRAPH

STANDARDIZATION (FOR UI DEV.)
• Ununiform skill
• Mass production
⇒ Standardization
Typical User Interface
– External Input Events
– State Machine
– UI Parts(Widget)
⇒ Standardize layout
Input Events
State
machine
Widgets

STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING
• Nodes: fundamental, generic
• Components: high-functioning (but not generic)
Write logic
with components
(not nodes)

OBJECT ORIENTED
• Encapsulate UI part implementation
• Expose UI part interface

Buddy、Nature、Monsters
©2017 SQUARE ENIX CO., LTD. All Rights Reserved.

FFXV -EPISODE DUSCAE- AI Overview
Making and Characters

Navigation AI
Meta-AI
Character AI
Dynamic allocation of enemies
Observing level in real-time
Direction for agents
Making progress of game
Autonomous
thinking
Cooperation
Team AI
Preparing data to make meta-AI and
character AI recognize the level
Managing object representation
Managing Navigation data
Path-finding / Tactical point analysis
Support
Enemy character
Player
Brain
Information
Acquisition
Control
© 2017 SQUARE ENIX CO., LTD. All Rights Reserved.

Meta-ＡＩ
A buddy character receives a Meta AI’s order ,
and co-operate each other

Hybrid node format
State machine
Behavior tree
A Processing Node can change
into Graph Structure.
IDLE
MOVE
FIGHT
MOVE
ATTACK
State machineDifferent types of graph system can be
combined.

Hybrid node format
State machine
Behavior tree
State machine

Visual node debugger and In-game debug window
Visual node debugger displays
current status of nodes.
In-game debug window
display detailed logs.

Parallel thinking
Parallel thinking on a behavior tree.

Level
Navigation AI
Meta-AI
Character AI
Dynamic allocation of enemies
Observing level in real-time
Direction for agents
Making progress of game
Autonomous
thinking
Cooperation
Team AI
Preparing data to make meta-AI and
character AI recognize the level
Managing object representation
Managing Navigation data
Path-finding / Tactical point analysis
Support
Enemy character
Player
Brain
Information
Acquisition
Control
© 2017 SQUARE ENIX CO., LTD. All Rights Reserved.

Pathfinding

Smart waypoint

PQS and Movement
• PQS

Attack Motion Analysis
• Attack Motion Analysis
By simulating and analyzing a motion,
attack range and attack angle are automatically
detected .
These information is used in AI Graph.
This work has ever been done by game designers.
The automation can shorten development works.

Attack Motion Analysis

Movement Motion Analysis
• Movement Motion Analysis
By simulating movement motion, rotation
radius and speed control ability are detected
Automatically.
By using the data chart., motion feature for
each character are abstracted.

Decision-making by behavior-tree
• Decision-making by behavior-tree

1. Vison sensor and target search
• Vision sensor

3. Rule-based AI System
• Rule-based AI
Behemoth’s
rule

4. AI Graph override
Me07 behemoth

4. AI Graph override
Me04 Catoblepas

AI Graph Override

5. Motion Analysis
The system detect a region where each
monster attack will hit by putting opaque
sphere around monster.
The spheres which is hit by the attack
become red.
The system detect the region size,
position, and angle. The monster remebers
the region feature.
It saves much development cost by
removing game designer’s task.

5. Motion Analysis

5. Motion Analysis
• Travelling Motion Analysis
Using an automatic analysis system, we
can view the performance of a character’s
turning and stopping ability in chart form.
From the chart, if there is a problem in the
animation data, we can adjust the data.

Movement Motion Analysis

Thank you for your time
and attention.
Xbox One is a trademark or registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
PlayStation is a trademark or registered trademark of Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

AI AND FUNDAMENTAL GAME TECHNOLOGIESIN FINAL FANTASY XV

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