1. Group 4 – LAND AND WATER
POLLUTION
Justine Sarah Lee
Mc Aldhen Barba
Ralph Kevin Bongay

2. Soil Pollution
• Soil pollution is defined as the build-up in soils of persistent toxic
compounds, chemicals, salts,radioactive materials, or disease causing
agents, which have adverse effects on plant growth and animal health.
• Soil is the thin layer of organic and inorganic materials that covers the
Earth's rocky surface.
• The organic portion, which is derived from the decayed remains of plants
and animals, is concentrated in the dark uppermost topsoil.
• The inorganic portion made up of rock fragments, was formed over
thousands of years by physical and chemical weathering of bedrock.
Productive soils are necessary for agriculture to supply the world with
sufficient food.

3. Soil can be polluted because of:
• Seepage from a landfill
• Discharge of industrial waste into the soil
• Percolation of contaminated water into the soil
• Rupture of underground storage tanks
• Excess application of pesticides, herbicides or fertilizer
• Solid waste seepage
The most common chemicals involved in causing soil pollution are:
• Petroleum hydrocarbons (mixtures of Hydrocarbons in crude oil
• Heavy metals
• Pesticides
• Solvents

6. Effects on Plants
• The effects of soil pollution are: not enough
oxygen in the soil, acidy soils that may burn
the plant, bugs will go and start an infestation
in the soil, it effects plants growth, the soil
pollution eats away at the nutrients and
becomes a bigger soil polluter, not enough
drainage, new soil diseases develop every
year, not enough moisture in the soil.

8. Effects on Animals
• The effects in living organisms may range from mild
discomfort to serious diseases such as cancer to
physical deformities; ex., extra or missing limbs in
frogs.
• Can alter metabolism of microorganisms and
arthropods in a given soil environment; this may
destroy some layers of the primary food chain, and
thus have a negative effect on predator animal species
• Small life forms may consume harmful chemicals which
may then be passed up the food chain to larger
animals; this may lead to increased mortality rates and
even animal extinction.

10. Effects on Ecosystem