ppt from dr.fabie :)

1. By: Dr. Pamela Josefina T. Fabie

3.  BRAIN
o Part of the CNS contained within the skull
o Most complex and largest mass of nervous tissue in the body
and contains billions of nerve cells
FEMALE MALE
1250 g 1380 g
Weight
Grows from decreases with
birth up to old age
5th year

4. PARTS OF THE
BRAIN

5.  Largest portion
 7/8 of the total
weight
CEREBRUM
 Cerebral surface –
cerebral cortex,
composed of gray
matter
 Fold- gyrus (gyri)
 Intervening furrows-
sulcus (if shallow);
fissures (if deep)
 Innermost part –
white matter

6. Parts of the Brain :
Cerebrum
Seat of Mental Activities
(attributed to higher centers)
• Memory
• Thinking
• Reasoning
• Moral sense
• Learning
FUNCTIONS:
• Sense of responsibility
Sensory Perception
• Pain
Initiation and • Temperature
Control of • Touch
Voluntary Muscular
• Special senses
Coordination

7. Parts of the Brain :
Cerebrum
LOBES:
1. FRONTAL – motor
functions and
personality
2. PARIETAL – sensory
functions
3. TEMPORAL – hearing
and smell
4. OCCIPITAL – vision
5. ISLAND OF REIL – libido
(sexual desires of man)

8.  “Little Brain”
 Oval in shape CEREBELLUM
 DIVISIONS:
 Ant. Lobe – posture
 Post. Lobe –
coordination of
movements
 Flocculonodular lobe
- equilibrium

9. Parts of the Brain :
Cerebrum

10.  Found between the
forebrain and the MIDBRAIN
hindbrain
 Concerned with
motor coordination
 Connects the pons
and the cerebellum
with the cerebrum

11. Parts of the Brain : Midbrain
 CEREBRAL PEDUNCLES – pair of cylindrical bodies made
up of nerve fiber tracts which connect the forebrain with
the hindbrain
 CORPORA QUADRIGEMA – 4  SYLVIAN OR CEREBRAL
rounded nuclear masses AQUEDUCT or ITER - canal
a. SUPERIOR COLLICULI which connects the 3rd and 4th
(Upper 2) – concerned with ventricles of the brain
visual reflexes
b. INFERIOR COLLICULI
(Lower 2) – concerned with
auditory reflexes

12.  Situated in front of the
cerebellum between the
midbrain and the medulla
oblongata
PONS VAROLLI
 Bridge-like structure
composed entirely of
white matter linking the
various parts of the brain
 Joins the two halves of
the cerebellum
 Contains pneumotaxic
canter – regulation of
respiration

13.  Extends from the
pons above and is
continuous with the MEDULLA
spinal cord below OBLONGATA
 Pyramidal in shape,
being broad above
and narrow below
 Nerve cells are
grouped to form
nuclei
 Origin of CN
6,7,8,9,10,11,12

14. PARTS OF THE BRAIN:
Medulla Oblongata
FUNCTIONS:
1. Organ of conduction for the passage of
impulses between brain and spinal cord
2. Contains center for control of bodily
functions
• Cardiac inhibitory center – holds heart rate to slower rate
through CN 10
• Vasoconsctrictor center – narrowing of lumen of the
arteries
• Respiratory center – controls rate of depth of respiration
• Reflex center – sneezing, coughing, vomiting, winking,
movements and secretions of the alimentary canal