Amir ali khan EMS class

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Environmental Management System Engi 9626
Mid-Term Exam Solution Set
June 14th 2018
Duration: 2 hour
This mid-term exam is worth 30% of your grade –
the point values given for the questions add up to
100.
• Answer all questions in the Question Paper.

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Question 1 (10 marks)
What are ISO, ISO 14000, and ISO 14001?

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Question 2 (10 marks)
What is the difference between EMAS and ISO 14001? List at
least five differences.

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Question 3 (10 marks)
a) What are the four sources of international environmental
law?
b) What is a “soft” law?

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Question 4 (10 marks)
Briefly list 4 approaches for tradeoff analysis when Evaluating
Alternatives in an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

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Question 5 (10 marks)
a) What was the origin of Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA)?
b) Briefly describe the tiers/levels of the EIA process as
defined in the Council of Environmental Quality
regulations

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Question 6 (50 marks)
Each of the following 50 questions has 1 mark.
Please indicate the correct answer for each question in the following table
Ques. # Answer Ques. # Answer
1 d 26 d
2 a 27 b
3 b 28 a
4 c 29 b
5 b 30 d
6 d 31 b
7 a 32 c
8 b 33 b
9 d 34 b
10 b 35 a
11 a 36 c
12 b 37 a
13 c 38 b
14 c 39 b
15 c 40 b
16 b 41 c
17 b 42 d
18 a 43 b
19 c 44 d
20 b 45 a
21 b 46 a
22 a 47 b
23 c 48 c
24 a 49 c
25 a 50 b
TOTAL

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1. A company decides to reduce its use of Mercury by 20 % within a year. In an EMS this is
considered to be a:
a) Policy
b) Action Plan
c) Objective
d) Target
2. Common law refers to ...?
a) Laws created by the judges through the deciding of cases.
b) The doctrine that seeks to mitigate the harshness of the common law by deciding cases
based on fairness and equality.
c) The body of law that regulates the relationship between the State and its citizens.
d) The body of laws created by Parliament in the form of legislation.
3. A company operating a manufacturing plant has developed an Environmental Management
System (EMS) in order to improve its performance. A key aspect of this EMS would include:
a) a focus on maximising returns to shareholders of the company.
b) the development of an overall environmental policy for the company.
c) a consideration of the costs involved in developing an environmental policy.
d) a limited audit of some areas of the manufacturing plant’s safety procedures.
4. In an EMS the final part of the planning stage is devising an action plan for meeting the
targets. This includes:
(1) designating responsibilities
(2) establishing a schedule
(3) outlining clearly defined steps
a) (1) and (3)
b) (1) and (2)
c) (1) (2) and (3)
d) (2) and (3)
5. Agenda 21 is
a) a binding comprehensive plan to promote and achieve ecological sustainable
development through the implementation of national strategies, plans, policies,
programmes and processes with international support.
b) a non-binding comprehensive plan to promote and achieve ecological sustainable
development through the implementation of national strategies, plans, policies,
programmes and processes with international support.
c) the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
d) None of the above
6. EMS is the component of an organization with primary responsibility for leading, planning,
controlling, and organizing as they relate specifically to:

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a) Processes
b) Products
c) Services
d) All of the above
7. In the implementation of an EMS, an important implementation component is awareness for
all employees.
a) True
b) False
8. The United Nations established the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
following the:
a) 1949 United Nations Conference on the Conservation and Utilization of
Resources
b) 1972 United Nations Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment
c) 1992 United Nations Rio Conference on Environment and Development
d) 2002 Johannesburg World Summit
9. In an EA, direct effects are caused and occur:
(1) later time than the action
(2) farther removed in distance as the action
(3) same time as the action
(4) at the same place as the action
a) (1) and/or (4)
b) (1) and/or (2)
c) (2) and/or (3)
d) (3) and/or (4)
10. Effects or impact monitoring is periodic sampling or continuous measurement of levels of
waste discharge, noise, or similar emissions, to ensure that conditions are observed and standards
are met.
a) True
b) False
11. The preparing of ISO International Standards can also be carried out through an international
workshop
a) True
b) False
12. ISO 14001:2004 is the ________ edition of the Standard
a) ...first…
b) ...second…
c) ...third…
d) ...fourth...

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13. The ISO 14001:2015 standard was published on 15th September 2015, ISO 14001:2004
certificates cease to be valid from
a) 14th September 2016
b) 14th September 2017
c) 14th September 2018
d) 14th September 2019
14. It is a requirement of ISO 14001 that an organization should set Environmental objectives and
targets. These targets should:
(1) Should cover long term issues
(2) Should cover short term issues
(3) Be Generic in nature
(4) Be Specific and measurable
a) (4) only
b) (1) and (4) only
c) (1), (2) and (4) only
d) (3) only
15. ISO 14001 certification by an accredited certification body is usually valid:
a) for 1 year
b) for 2 years
c) for 3 years
d) Until next ISO 14001 update
16. ISO 14001 requires an evaluation of compliance procedure so that:
(1) The organization should be able to demonstrate that it has evaluated compliance with the
other identified requirements to which it has subscribed.
(2) The organization should be able to demonstrate that it has evaluated compliance with the
legal requirements identified, including applicable permits or Licences.
(3) The organization should be able to demonstrate non-conformance has been addressed to
mitigate environmental impact.
(4) The organization should be able to record the results of corrective actions taken.
a) (2) only
b) (1) and (2) only
c) (3) and (4) only
d) (1) only
17. The ISO 14001 framework was established in
a) 1990
b) 1996
c) 1999
d) 2004

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18. An EMS is a framework that helps a company achieve its environmental goals through
consistent control of its operations.
a) True
b) False
19. “Significantly” as used in the NEPA requires considerations of:
(1) Context
(2) Impact
(3) Intensity
(4) Duration
a) (2) and (4)
b) (3) and (4)
c) (1) and (3)
d) (1) and (2)
20. Strategic Environmental Assessment and Programmatic EIS are not similar
a) True
b) False
21. A FONSI refers to a proposed action that has incorporated mitigation measures to reduce any
significant negative effects to insignificant ones.
a) True
b) False
22. Two sources of International Environmental Law are:
(1) international conventions
(2) international custom
(3) policies
(4) statutes
a) (1) and (2)
b) (2) and (3)
c) (1) and (4)
d) (3) and (4)
23. ISO 14001:2015 has the following number of clauses:
a) 8
b) 9
c) 10
d) 11
24. ISO 14001:2015 is be based on a new high level structure called:
a) Annex SL

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b) Annex IS
c) Annex SI
d) Annex LS
25. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was opened for signature in:
a) 1992
b) 2002
c) 2012
d) 2015
26. Key changes to ISO 14001 in ISO 14001:2015 relate to:
(1) Lifecycle Thinking
(2) Environmental Performance
(3) Certification
(4) Context of the Organization
a) (1), (2), (3) and (4)
b) (1) and (2) only
c) (1), (2) and (3) only
d) (1), (2), and (4) only
27. The 2002 NL Water Resources Act covers the following types of environmental law
(1) Command-and-control legislation
(2) Environmental Assessment Mandates
(3) Economic Incentives
(4) Set-aside Schemes
a) (1), (2), (3) and (4)
b) (1), (3), and (4)
c) (1), (2) and (3)
d) (1), (2), and (4)
28. As defined by ISO, a standard is a document that provides:
(1) Requirements
(2) Specifications
(3) Guidelines
(4) Characteristics
a) (1), (2), (3) and (4)
b) (1), and (2) only
c) (1), (2) and (3) only
d) (1), (2), and (4) only
29. The work of preparing ISO International Standards is normally carried out through:
a) Expert committees
b) Technical committees

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c) Guideline committees
d) Standard committees
30. The goal of EIA is to anticipate and mitigate the environmental impacts of proposed projects
at the
(1) Planning Stage
(2) Operation Stage
(3) Construction Stage
(4) Design Stage
a) (2) and (4) only
b) (1) and (2) only
c) (1) and (3) only
d) (1) and (4) only
31. In EIA, inventory techniques refer to surveys to determine the value of the environmental
aspect that will be lost or disturbed as the result of an activity, and where possible its change in
value after the activity is undertaken.
a) Tue
b) False
32. Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) refers to the EIA process applied to:
(1) Programs
(2) Projects
(3) Plans,
(4) Policies
a) (1), (2) and (4) only
b) (1), (2) and (3) only
c) (1), (3) and (4) only
d) (1), and (4) only
33. The British Standard BS 5750 was world's first national standard on:
a) Environmental management system
b) Quality management system
c) Environmental performance management system
d) Auditing system
34. ISO 14001:2015 specifies a level of environmental performance that must be achieved
a) True
b) False
35. An EMS can also help address non-regulated issues, such as energy conservation.
a) True
b) False

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36. The 2002 Newfoundland and Labrador Act for environmental assessment is called the:
a) Environment Act
b) Environmental Assessment Act
c) Environmental Protection Act
d) Water Resources Protection Act
37. The 1971 - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance required all
countries to designate at least;
a) one protected wetland area
b) two protected wetland areas
c) five protected wetland areas
d) ten protected wetland areas
38. In International Environmental Law the ‘modern era’ started from:
a) 1945
b) 1972
c) 1992
d) 2012
39. The Newfoundland and Labrador Environmental Control Water and Sewage Regulations:
a) are a formal written enactment of the legislative authority
b) were made by a person or body other than the legislature but with the legislature's
authority
c) were developed by judges through decisions of courts
d) None of the above
40. Principle 7 that explicitly affirms: 'In view of the different contributions to
global environmental degradation, States have common but differentiated responsibilities’ was
part of the:
a) 1972 Stockholm Declaration
b) 1992 Rio Declaration
c) 2002 Johannesburg Declaration
d) 2012 Sustainable Development Conference Declaration
41. In ISO 14001:2004 the specific elements that have to be met by organisations seeking formal
recognition for their EMS are found in the following sections of ISO 14001:2004
(1) General Requirements
(2) Environmental Policy
(3) Planning
(4) Implementation and operation
(5) Checking
(6) Management Review
a) (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6)

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b) (1), (2), (3), (4), and (5) only
c) (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) only
d) (1), (2), (3), (4), and (6) only
42. In ISO 14001:2004 There are specific items that must be committed to in the Environmental
policy. These are
(1) Prevention Of Pollution
(2) Communications
(3) Continual Improvement
(4) Compliance With Legal Requirements
(5) Compliance With Other Requirements
(6) Management Review
a) (1), (2), (4), (5) and (6) only
b) (1), (3), and (4) only
c) (2), (3), (4), and (5) only
d) (1), (3), (4), and (5) only
43. In the Federal environmental assessment process there is no option for Environmental
Assessment by a Review Panel
a) True
b) False
44. An organization can demonstrate conformity with ISO 14001:2004 by:
(1) seeking confirmation of its conformance by parties having an interest in the organization,
such as customers
(2) making a self-determination and self-declaration
(3) seeking confirmation of its self-declaration by a party external to the organization
(4) seeking certification/registration of its environmental management system by an external
organization.
a) (1), (2), and (3), only
b) (2), (3) and (4) only
c) (2) and (3) only
d) (1), (2), (3), and (4)
45. In the NL environmental assessment process there is the option for Environmental
Assessment by a Review Panel
a) True
b) False
46. In Environmental Impact Assessment, mitigation includes;
(1) Avoiding the impact altogether by not taking a certain action or parts of an action
(2) Minimizing impacts by limiting the degree or magnitude of the action and its
implementation
(3) Rectifying the impact by repairing, rehabilitating, or restoring the affected environment

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(4) Reducing or eliminating the impact over time by preservation and maintenance
operations during the life of the action
(5) Compensating for the impact by replacing or providing substitute resources or
environments
a) (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5)
b) (1), (2), (3), and (5) only
c) (1), (2), and (3) only
d) (1), (2), (4), and (5) only
47. Environmental Impact Assessment as defined by the Council on Environmental Quality
regulations, 1987, has;
a) 2 levels of analysis
b) 3 levels of analysis
c) 4 levels of analysis
d) 5 levels of analysis
48. An EIS
(1) is only a disclosure document
(2) is a detailed written statement
(3) provides a full and fair discussion of significant environmental impacts
(4) is a concise public document
a) (1), (3), and (4) only
b) (1), (2), and (3) only
c) (2), and (3) only
d) (3), and (4) only
49. Guidance on auditing of environmental management systems is given in:
a) ISO 9001
b) ISO 14020
c) ISO 19011
d) ISO 14031
50. EMAS takes into account additional elements over and above ISO 14001:2004. These are;
(1) Registration by a public authority after verification by an accredited/licensed
environmental verifier.
(2) Greater focus on leadership
(3) Lifecycle thinking when considering environmental aspects
(4) Provision of information to the general public through a validated environmental
statement.
a) (2) and (3) only
b) (1) and (4) only
c) (1), (2) and (3) only
d) (2), (3) and (4) only