Demography is the statistical study of human populations and how they change over time or space. It involves analyzing the size, structure, and distribution of populations, as well as changes in populations due to birth, migration, aging, and death. Demography is important for sociology and other social sciences because all social groups are populations that change in size, location, and characteristics over time, impacting cultures, economies, politics, and societies. Demographers study overall population size, territorial distribution of populations, and population composition.

1. DEMOGRAPHY AND ITS SCIENCES