Short presentation on how mobile internet works for the purpose of showing the evolution in backhaul technology

1. *
What makes it work?

2. * Mobile technology is exactly what the name
implies - technology that is portable. Examples
of mobile IT devices include:
* laptop and netbook computers
* palmtop computers or personal digital
assistants
* mobile phones and 'smart phones'
* global positioning system (GPS) devices
* wireless debit/credit card payment terminals
*

3. * Traditionally, access to the Web has been
via fixed-line services. However, the Web is
becoming more accessible by portable and
wireless devices and in 2008 mobile access to
the Internet exceeded desktop computer-based
access for the first time.
* The shift to mobile Web access has been
accelerating with the rise since 2007 of
larger multitouch smartphones, and of
multitouch tablet computers since 2010.
*

6. * Currently Over 3 billion mobile phone users,
estimated to grow to 5 billion in 2010
* Growing dependence on mobile connectivity
* Demand for Data mobility
* Significant increase in Data, video and application
development
* Traffic growing exponentially due to consumer
demand for mobile data services for e-mail, text
messaging, web access etc
* Push for more bandwidth accelerated by new
handsets such as iPhones that combine digital media
entertainment with web based applications
*

7. * Mobile devices can be enabled to use a variety of communications
technologies such as:
* wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) - a type of wireless local area network
technology
* Bluetooth - connects mobile devices wirelessly
* ‘Third generation' (3G), (now 4G)
* Global system for mobile communications (GSM)
* General packet radio service (GPRS)
* Data services - data networking services for mobile phones
* Dial-up services - data networking services using modems and
telephone lines
* Virtual private networks - secure access to a private network
*

8. *
* The GSMA’s industry-defining event, Mobile World Congress, again
shattered attendance records as more than 67,000 attendees
showcased how they are Redefining Mobile.
* This year’s exciting event, hosted in the Mobile World Capital
Barcelona, featured attendees from 205 countries were treated to a
wealth of learning and networking opportunities; product showcases
and announcements; inspiration and innovation
* Mobile World Congress 2011 was by all accounts a record-breaking
year:
* Highest-ever total attendance: more than 60,000
* Largest-ever senior-level audience: more than 58%
* Highest-ever number of CEOs in attendance: more than 3,000
* Largest-ever number of exhibitors: 1,400
* Largest-ever number of press: 2,900+ press
members representing 1,500 media outlets
* Largest-ever gathering of Mobile App Developers: more than 12,000

10. *
* Franco Bernabè, Chairman & CEO, Telecom Italia Group
* Ben Verwaayen, CEO, Alcatel-Lucent
* Warren East, CEO, ARM
* Ralph de la Vega, President & CEO, AT&T Mobility
* Brian Dunn, CEO, Best Buy
* Sunil Mittal, Chairman and MD, Bharti Airtel
* Xi Guohua, Vice Chairman, China Mobile
* Dan Callahan, COO & CTO, Citigroup
* René Obermann, CEO, Deutsche Telekom
* John Donahoe, President and CEO, eBay
* Hans Vestberg, President and CEO, Ericsson
* William Clay Ford, Jr., Executive Chairman, Ford Motor Company
* Dennis Crowley, CEO, Foursquare
* Eric Schmidt, Executive Chairman, Google
* Peter Chou, CEO, HTC
* Michael Roth, Chairman & CEO, Interpublic Group
* Michael Abbott, CEO, ISIS
* Kevin Johnson, CEO, Juniper Networks
* Stephen Elop, President & CEO, Nokia
* Ryuji Yamada, President & CEO, NTT DOCOMO
* Dan Hesse, CEO, Sprint Nextel
* Santiago Fernandez Valbuena, Chairman & CEO, Telefonica Latin America
* Jon Fredrik Baksaas, President & CEO, Telenor Group
* Jo Lunder, CEO, VimpelCom
* John Partridge, President, Visa
* Vittorio Colao, Chief Executive, Vodafone
* Shi Lirong, President, ZTE

11. *
* Mobile broadband works on the same technology on which cell phones
work. It is all about the radio frequencies and waves.
* The cell phone radio towers and cell phones send packets of
information back and forth through radio waves. For cell phone
broadband, the information packets can be data like streaming video,
music files, web pages and e-mails.
* Basically, there are two technologies which are used to operate the
networks of cell phones- CDMA (Code division multiple access) and
GSM (Global System for mobile communications).
* GSM is quite popular in Asia and Europe while CDMA is popular in the
US.
* There are quite major differences between these systems and the way
that they operate. Both of these use different types of algorithms
which allow several cell phone users to share the same frequency
without interfering the usage of others.
* Mobile broadband is known as third generation mobile technology or
3G.
* CDMA and GSM both have their 3G technology solutions for allowing
users to deliver high speed access to the internet on mobile devices.

12. * The rise in data traffic carried over wireless networks has
taken many by surprise.
* Industry analysts anticipate that data volumes will grow at an
accelerating rate based on this broader range of broadband
data services.
* At the same time, revenue per megabyte continues to fall,
driven down by increasing competition and the introduction
of flatrate pricing.
* To remain competitive, mobile operators must be prepared to
provide a network that can not only meet bandwidth demand,
but also deliver a healthy profit margin. To achieve this goal,
new technology is required to translate this significant rise in
traffic into revenue opportunities.
*

13. Traffic
Gap between traffic
Gap between
Gap between traffic
traffic and revenue
and revenue
increases
Revenues
Voice Dominant Data Dominant

14. • The Mobile Backhaul network :
• Is the critical link between the mobile
subscriber and the network or the Internet
• Links the remote base stations and cell
towers to the mobile operators core
networks
• Provide access to both the voice network and
the internet
*
Copper
Fiber
Wireless handset Carrier Base Station

15. * New services provide additional capabilities
but require more bandwidth.
* T1/E1 TDM Backhaul Circuits traditionally used
are ideal for carrying high-value voice services
but are not optimized for high bandwidth data
services.
* Backhaul links are becoming congested
*

16. *

17. * With mesh networking, access points are
connected wirelessly and exchange data
frames with each other to forward to/from a
gateway point.
* Since a mesh requires no costly cable
constructions for its backhaul network, it
reduces total investment cost.
* Mesh technology’s capabilities can boost
extending coverage of service areas easily and
flexibly.
*

18. *

19. * In 2010, hundreds of wireless LAN access points
incorporating the technology were installed in the
commercial shopping and entertainment
complex, Canal City Hakata, resulting in the
successful operation of one of the world's largest
indoor wireless multi-hop backhauls.
* The wireless network deploying over 200 access
point devices built inside Canal City Hakata realizes
a wireless multi-hop relay of up to 11 access points
while delivering high bandwidth to end users. Actual
throughput is double that of standard mesh network
systems using conventional packet forwarding.
*

20. * Ethernet is a family of computer
networking technologies for local area
networks (LANs) commercially introduced in 1980.
* Systems communicating over Ethernet divide a
stream of data into individual packets
called frames. Each frame contains source and
destination addresses and error-checking data so
that damaged data can be detected and re-
transmitted.
*

21. PDSN or
SGSN
BTS
BSC ATM
nxT1/E1 FR
E1 FR
SDH IP/MPLS
IMA ATM ATM MSC Core
Node B STM1
BSC
RNC
RNC
*

22. *

23. * WDM – Wavelength Division Multiplexing
* DWDM – Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
* WDM is a technology which multiplexes a number
of optical carrier signals onto a single optical fiber by
using different wavelengths (i.e colours) of laserlight.
This technique enables bidirectional communications
over one strand of fiber, as well as multiplication of
capacity.
* DWDM increases the WDM signal within the 1550 nm
band so as to leverage the capabilities (and cost)
of existing networks.
*
In telecommunications and computer networks, multiplexing (also known as muxing) is a method by which
multiple analog message signals or digital data streams are combined into one signal over a shared medium.
The aim is to share an expensive resource.

24. * WDM systems are popular
with telecommunications companies because
they allow them to expand the capacity of the
network without laying more fiber. By using
WDM and optical amplifiers, they can
accommodate several generations of
technology development in their optical
infrastructure without having to overhaul the
backbone network.
*

25. •Economic advantages of Ethernet and WDM will lead
to its widespread use for mobile backhaul networks
•Introduction of Ethernet and IP interfaces in mobile
base stations and radio controller equipment
•Migration of legacy TDM and SONET/SDH circuits to
Carrier Ethernet Solutions and DWDM Solutions
•There is Global acceptance of these new standards
evidenced by their support and use by major
hardware / software companies such as CISCO
*

26. Worldwide M obile 1st M ile Backhaul Service Charges per
Connection: • PDH (T1/E1 etc.) costs
PDH and ATM over PDH vs New Wireline climb directly with
bandwidth
$40,000
$37,044 • Ethernet wire-line
costs grow gently with
$30,000
large bandwidth
increases (Eth, DSL,
Revenue
PDH and ATM over PDH
$20,000
PON, cable)
New wireline
$10,000
$6,887
$0
CY05 CY06 CY07 CY08 CY09 CY10
Calendar Year
*

27. * Backhaul network implementation must be designed
to support multiple mobile operators sharing the
same cell tower.
* Because cell tower sharing is a common practice in
most countries today, it has become a business
imperative that the fixed network operator must
plan to serve multiple mobile operators from the
same backhaul network.
* According to industry estimates, more than 60
percent of all cell towers worldwide are shared by
multiple mobile operators.
*

28. * TSTT / B-Mobile
* Digicel
* Flow
* Supported by Hardware experts such as LISA
and T&TEC.
*

29. * Increase in ability to use more apps, features,
mobile systems.
* Enabling of VoIP systems such as SKYPE, FB
Conference, Google + Hangout etc.
* Additional security and more ability to conduct
business online.
* All these are closer than we think!
*

30. *