The document discusses several topics in human development across the lifespan including prenatal development, childhood, adolescence, and aging. It describes key milestones and theories such as Piaget's stages of cognitive development and attachment styles. It also touches on controversial issues like euthanasia and arguments for and against it.

1. Psychology Over the Life Span Growing Up, Growing Older, Growing Wiser

2. Having Children Do you want to have children some day? Why or why not? What are some reasons why people would or wouldn’t want kids?

3. Getting a Start in Life Gametes Sperm Egg Chromosomes XX = female XY = male Review DNA exists as two long, paired strands spiraled into the famous double helix. The 3 billion base pairs are organized into 23 pairs of chromosomes (one set of pair inherited from the mother and one from the father).

4. Stages of Developmentin the Womb Trimesters Zygote A fertilized egg Embryo 2 weeks to 8 weeks after conception Fetus 8 weeks until birth

5. Teratogens Maternal illness Chicken pox, rubella, HIV Alcohol and drugs Alcohol, heroin, cocaine Caffeine and smoking Diet and pollution Malnutrition Too much methymercury-contain fish (such as tuna) Maternal stressors

6. Vulnerability in Prenatal Development

7. Reflexes Present at Birth Withdrawal (10 days) Stepping (2 months) Sucking (3 months) Rooting (3-4 months) Palmar grasp (4 months) Startle (5 months) Swimming (6 months) Tonic neck (7 months) Plantar (1 year) Babinski (1 year) Eye blink (life)

8. Temperament Types Approach style Withdrawal style Easy Difficult Biological factors Nurturing experiences

9. Physical and Motor Development Milestones Baby’s first steps

10. Infancy and Childhood Perceptual development Visual perception Visual cliff experiment Habituation technique Auditory perception

11. Jean Piaget Schema Accommodation Assimilation

12. Jean Piaget Periods of cognitive development Sensorimotor Preoperational Concrete operations Formal operations

13. Sensorimotor Period Age 0–2 years Major achievements Object permanence Imitation

14. Preoperational Period Age 2–7 years Major achievement Capacity for mental representation Egocentrism

15. Concrete Operations Period Age 7–11 years Major achievements Can take another person’s perspective Classifying objects Conservation and other reversible mental operations

16. Formal Operations Period Age 11 years (at the earliest) Major achievements Abstract concepts Logic Reversibility Hypothetical thinking

17. Attachment Harlow’s monkeys Importance of comfort contact Separation anxiety Ainsworth: Strange Situation experiments Secure attachment Avoidant attachment Resistant attachment Disorganized/disoriented attachment

18. Adolescence: Physical developmentPuberty What are some of physical changes that boys and girls experience during adolescence? Boys and girls experience puberty earlier than in the past. Impact? How do the changes influence them psychologically? Is early versus late puberty a good or bad thing? Does it vary by gender?

19. Adolescence Cognitive development Abstract reasoning Adolescent egocentrism Imaginary audience Peer pressure

20. What Behaviors Characterized the Social and Emotional Development of Adolescents? Conflicts with parents Most frequent in early adolescence Most intense in mid-adolescence Mood swings Depression Loneliness Suicide Risk taking Peer relationships

21. Adolescence Do adolescents have more problems than younger kids and older young adults? Is it worse for boys or girls? Do they cope differently? Do parents have different dating rules for boys or girls? Why or why not?

22. Adulthood and Aging The changing body Genes Environment Menopause (for women)

23. Adulthood and Aging Perception Cataracts Hearing Smell Memory Recall of specific episodic memories Working memory

24. Adulthood and Aging Intelligence and specific abilities Fluid intelligence Crystallized intelligence

25. Euthanasia Jack Kevorkianis an American pathologist, who is most noted for publicly championing a terminal patient's right to die via physician-assisted suicide; This is active euthanasia (i.e., active steps are taken to short the person’s life). Terri Schiavosuffered brain damage and became dependent on a feeding tube. In 1998, Michael Schiavo, her husband and guardian, petitioned the Pinellas County Circuit Court to remove her feeding tube. Removing the feeding tube would be passive euthanasia (i.e., steps are not taken to keep the person alive). Is passive or active euthanasia every justified? If so, under what circumstances? What moral issues does passive or active euthanasia raise? Are any abuses possible?