13Th Amendment Essay

Argumentative Essay On The 13th Amendment
By the time the sun barely peeks over the horizon, several others and I have been working the
fields for hours. We pick cotton until our fingers bleed. If my first strip isn't done before noon, the
whip will come slashing. If I complete my strip and take a break before moving on to the next
section, the whip will come slashing. If my legs give out and can no longer support my weight, the
whip will come slashing. When I was informed about the new amendment to the constitution tears
welled up in my eyes as I took a step towards freedom, or what I thought was freedom. The thirteenth
amendment brought forth the idea that slavery would be abolished. However, the congressmen left a
loophole in the amendment, allowing slavery to continue, but under another name. The thirteenth
amendment was the first to abolish slavery, or so people say. The thirteenth amendment reads,
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall
have been duly convicted shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their
jurisdiction," the constitution. This amendment could easily fool people into believing that all was
right within the world. However, soon after this amendment was added to the constitution unjust
laws started to pop up within the states, "When slavery was legally abolished. A new set of laws
called Black Codes emerged to criminalize legal activity for African Americans. Through the
enforcement of these laws, acts such as
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Essay On 13th Amendment
Why is it so complicated for the constitution to be amended? One may argue that it was assembled to
make the ground rules of the U.S stable, making it hard to change. Others may argue that, in order to
change the constitution, Article V, has to make some changes also. Since 1971, there has been an
account of one amendment ratified (Posner, Eric, The U.S constitution is hard to amend). The
Amendment is an intentionally difficult process by the founding fathers, to set the standard laws for
the people, so no other can take control. Over the years, there has been a lack in amending such
laws, for example, gay marriage and the burning of the flag.
In Article V of the Constitution is states that in order for a constitution to be amended, it has to go
through a formal process. Within this process, there is a two–thirds vote by both houses of the
congress or state legislatures, then it has to be ratified by three– fourths of the state legislatures (U.S
Constitution. Art. V). The fact that...show more content...
Flag burning has been so talked about because, many people believe that burning the flag is an act
of criminal injustice, and can be offensive to Americans. In relation to the American flag, burning
can be a sign of dishonor among our fellow veterans. There has been an account of laws that were
supposed to be passed, but were reject due to actions of Amendment one of the constitution.
Amendment one of the constitution give people the right to freedom of speech, and prohibits the
making of any law abridging it (U.S Constitution. Amendment I). It all goes back to the breakdown
stated in Article V on how amendments should and shouldn't be passed. Since two thirds majority of
each house did not agree on passing a flag burning amendment, that became added to the list of failed
amendments. This shows the difficulty in being able to get laws passed through the

Research Paper On The 13th Amendment
The 13th amendment
The 13th amendment was one of the first of the three slavery amendments to be passed by an
American congress after the American civil war on January 31st
1865 under President Abraham Lincoln. The 13th was passed under the emancipation
Proclamation under President Abraham Lincoln declaring ", all persons held as slaves within any
State o designated part of state the people whereof shall be in rebellion against the United States
Of America shall thence forward, and forever free''. Although the amendment was passed under
The senate on April 1st, 1869, however the House of Representatives did not when this happened
President Lincoln took action in ensuring the amendment passed through the house. President
Lincoln...show more content...
it was laws like black codes an Jim crow that made life a living hell for freed slaves or
The colored it was laws like such as these that led to the passing of another amendment.
The 14th Amendment
The 14th amendment was passed on July 9th, 1868 under President Andrew Johnson the
Amendment granted citizenship rights for former or freed slaves after the American
Civil war. Amendment 14th consisted of five sections one of the many five

13th Amendment
The Court sees the Second Amendment as protecting a right of individuals to possess firearms
(505,Chemerinsky). With the Ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868 changed the
constitutional landscape and cemented a new basis for applying the Bill of Rights to the states. By
not fully incorporating the Bill of Rights this meant justices had to create their own standards for
what process is due under the Fourteenth Amendment (338,O'Brien). This is very important because
this deviated from methods of interpreting the Constitution and to establish their own thoughts
instead of holding up a strict constructionist view of the these incorporated laws. "The due process
revolution forged during the Warren Court years during the 1960's by extending the major
guarantees of the Bill of Rights to the states took on a life of its own"(407, O'Brien). This meant that
the Warren Court did nothing but reaffirm the...show more content...
One example of this was in the case of Richardson v. Wright (1972). This law required the
opportunity to appeal and provide sufficient evidence before the state can terminate disability
benefits (407,O'Brien). Today it is your right to appeal and to plead your case so the state won't
cut the benefits off since these individuals rely on these to sustain their economic lifestyles. The
due process clause was broken into two processes which were substantive and procedural due
process. "Procedural due process implies, the minimum objectives the government before it
deprives any citizen of life, liberty, or property" (545, Chemerinsky). Procedural due process refers
to a specific kind of notice and the opportunity to provide a cross examination for the recipient to
plead its case to not lose their benefits. The second process is

The 13th Amendment
After the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 and the ensuing American Civil War all states where
forced to ratify the thirteenth amendment which abolished slavery "within the United States, or any
place subject to their jurisdiction." In 1870 the fifteenth amendment was passed making it
unconstitutional to prohibit voters "on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."
While the thirteenth and fifteenth amendments made it constitution for African Americans to vote it
did not prohibit states from implementing obstructions at voting booths such as poll taxes, literacy
test, lineage tracking, and other qualifications. While Plessy v. Ferguson established theseparate but
equal doctrine which is described as "racially segregated but ostensibly ensuring equal
opportunities to all races." The established doctrine of Separate but Equal was never enforced,
and the cries of the neglected fell upon deaf ears until 1954, 58 years after a virtual caste system
was established in the Nation of "freedom and equal opportunity" segregating everything from
schools to bathrooms because of the color of your skin. After the Separate Car Act of 1890
passed in the State of Louisiana which required separate railway cars for blacks and whites a man
of mixed race who was seven eighths of European decent and of one eighth African descent
purchased a first class ticket, and upon taking his seat was once asked to move to the black only
car, then was arrested for violating the separate car act, Plessy's side argued that the Seperate Car Act
had violated his thirteenth and fourteenth amendment rights. Judge Ferguson found Plessy to be
guilty, and the Louisiana Supreme Court upheld his decision with the intention that it was the rights
of the state to regulate railroad companies within the state. "...The law regards man as man, and
takes no account of his surroundings or of his color when his civil rights as guarantied by the
supreme law of the land are involved." вЂ• John Marshall Harlan the "Great Dissenter" Justice
Harlan was the single dissenter that believed the Seperate but equal doctrine was unconstitutional
and that the segregation of people because of their race was contradictory to the law. The Supreme
Court's

13th Amendment Research Paper
The United States Constitution is the highest law of the land. Looking at the constitution, with
twenty–seven amendment, the first ten are known as the Bill of Right. One to eight amendments
ensured the right of the people. Although the thirteen amendment abolished slavery, it paved the way
for the 14th the most important amendment to be drafted and adopted in 1868. Due to the growing
population and issues the amendment changed, get redraft. The law use to be thirteen, and then
presently twenty–seven. Whenever, an issue arises the constitution is referred to solve the problem.
The fourteenth amendment is said to be complex that guaranteed citizen rights, privileges and
immunities of citizenship, due process and equal protection. The constitution

Importance Of The 13th Amendment
Danny Dallas Mr. Mckown Government 12–5–17 Reconstruction era and amendments I am going to
discuss how the reconstruction era prompted the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments
and say what the amendments are and why they are important. The thirteenth amendment was
important to the slaves. The 13th Amendment to the Constitution declared that "Neither slavery nor
involuntary servitude except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly
convicted shall exist within the United States or any place subject to their
jurisdiction("loc.gov13th")." Formally abolishing slavery in the United States the 13th Amendment
was passed by the Congress on January 31 1865 and ratified by the states on December 6
1865("loc.gov13th"). This amendment is important because it ended slavery for everyone that was a
slave in America. On June 13 1866 Thaddeus Stevens the Republican floor leader in the House of
Representatives and the nation's most Radical Republican rose to address his Congressional
colleagues on the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution("CivilWar.org"). Stevens had always
fought for the struggle against slavery and for equal rights for black Americans("CivilWar.org"). In
1837 as a delegate to Pennsylvania's constitutional convention he had refused to sign it because it
didn't give African Americans the right to vote("CivilWar.org"). During the Civil War he

HARLAN'S DISSENT IN PLESSY V. FERGUSON SUPREME COURT DECISION
Satoshi Yokoyama
History 21
September 27, 2017
The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is commonly regarded as a major
victory against racism that further advanced democracy in America. Adopted on July 9, 1868, it
attempted to transform the oppressive culture of the Confederacy by granting citizenship rights to all
people born or naturalized in the United States and affording equal protection under the law to all
U.S. citizens. Nonetheless, in spite of aiming to put an end to discrimination against
African–Americans and other minority groups, this important amendment did not entirely succeed in
eradicating racism during the Reconstruction era....show more content...
Harlan thus courageously argues that the "separate but equal" doctrine not only violates the
fundamental principles of democracy, namely equality and freedom, but also contravenes the U.S.

13th Amendment Thesis
African Americans were freed in rebel states in 1863, and after the civil war the thirteenth
amendment was made in all U.S. As a result, the masses of southern blacks were now facing the
difficulty of northern black people who were facing free people surrounded by many hostile white
people. The declaration of liberation in 1863 liberated African Americans in rebellious states, and
after the civil war, "the thirteenth Amendment made all the U.S. The slaves were abandoned" where
they were. When the war started, there were many free blacks in the north. These men were willing
to fight for the army. First President Abraham Lincoln did not want to recruit black soldiers. He did
not want to disturb people in the border states between South and North.

"The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments were put into the Constitution to give equality to African
Americans."(Reconstruction Amendments, n.d.) Each Amendment came after each other for
different reasons: 13th Amendment was made to abolish slavery, 14th Amendment stated that
everyone born in the United States is a U.S citizen, and no one can be deprived of life, liberty, or
property without due of process, and equal rights to all people, and the 15th Amendment prevents the
denial of a citizen's vote by race, color, or slavery. The amendments took place during
Reconstruction(1866–1877). "This occurred after the North defeated the South in the Civil War to
bring the country back together."(Reconstruction (1866–1877), n.d.) There was debate about how
much should the South be punished for leaving the North. The Reconstruction Amendments were
there to fix the issue. The Reconstruction Amendments are the most important amendments because
they are there to fix the problems involving the North and the South, give equal rights to African
Americans, and has a lot to offer in terms of rights.
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall
have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their
jurisdiction."(US Const. amend. XIII, sec. 1) The 13th Amendment formally abolished slavery in the
United States on December 6, 1865. The Amendment said that slavery or involuntary servitude was
illegal

13th Amendment Speech
Today we examine one of the most influential days in our recent history and how it has translated
into the modern day. On December 6th, 1865, enough states ratified the 13th amendment, therefore
ending slavery and unpaid labor in the United States forever! This ratification constitutionally ends
slavery. However, since then, not everything is going the way we assumed it would.
African–Americans are still fighting for their rights, and many ex–slaves are demanding land from
former owners, but the white South are often hesitant to apply, while some don't even bother looking
into the idea. Somethings have changed but most is still the same. Black people are still working on
white owned farms, they are not treated like property anymore though.

The 13th Amendment The war against colored people and white people is an ongoing event since
the 17th centuries. During that timeline, the whites were dominant back then. The KKK known as
the Ku Klux Klan, started lynching the colored folks. Over 3,000 black people have been hung due
to their skin tone. The 13th amendment gives freedom to all Americans. Skin tone does not affect
the the 13th amendment. Incarceration is mostly sustained from racial injustice. African Americans
obtain 37% of the United States prisoner population. "The United States is home to 5% of the
world's population... But 25% of the world's Prisoners" (Duvernay, 2016). All prisoners combined in
the world is nine million. Calculating with 25% equals to 2.25 million prisoners in the United States.
The African American population of prisoners is over 600,000. That is 16% of the African American
population in the United States.
Le 2
The white people are very hostile to anybody that are not their skin tone. "Being arrested by white
people is a nightmare" (Duvernay, 2016). If captured by a white person, it is a death sentence if
you are colored. The life of being colored during the 20th century is simply a horrific scene to go
through. "There can be no progressing America without respect for law" (Duvernay, 2016). America
can not be an average society if the...show more content...
"Black people are repesented on T.V. as criminals" (Duvernay, 2016). One of the popular shows on
television known as cops, are mostly arresting colored people. Most of the colored people are
arrested for the possession of drugs. With possession of drugs, the colored person can be given a
first strike if have not any type of criminal records. The 3 strikes you are out law contains having 3
chances in America breaking laws before imprisonment. They are also known as super predators.
Super predators are young citizens repetingly commit crimes without being raised with

13th Amendment Essay
The Fourteenth Amendment currently is being misinterpreted to grant automatic birthright
citizenship to children born in the United States of illegal alien parents
(called anchor babies because under the 1965 immigration Act, they act as an anchor that pulls the
illegal alien mother and eventually a host of other relatives into permanent U.S. residency).
This clearly is contrary to the original intent of Congress and the States in ratifying the Fourteenth
Amendment.
The relevant section reads,
"All persons born or naturalized in the United States,
AND SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION THEREOF, are citizens of the United States AND OF
THE STATE WHEREIN THEY RESIDE."
The problem is that this has been misinterpreted in recent years to mean...show more content...
(No Doubt Due To The
"DUMBING DOWN" Of American Citizens In Public Schools)
Some Americans speak of birthright citizenship as if it were an immutable law of nature.
It is not, and most other nations do not, in fact, recognize it.
It is only a bad habit that could be broken with a simple Executive Order.
The key to undoing the current misinterpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment is this odd phrase
"and subject to the jurisdiction thereof."
The whole problem is caused by the fact that the meaning of this phrase, which was clear to anyone
versed in legal language in 1868, has slipped with changes in usage.
Fortunately, there is a large group of court precedents that make clear what the phrase actually means:
1.The Fourteenth Amendment excludes the children of aliens.
(The Slaughterhouse Cases (83 U.S. 36 (1873))
2.The Fourteenth Amendment draws a distinction between the children of aliens and children of
citizens.
(Minor v. Happersett (88 U.S. 162 (1874))
3.The phrase "subject to the jurisdiction" requires "direct and immediate allegiance" to the United

States, not just physical presence.
(Elk v. Wilkins 112 U.S. 94

13th And 13th Amendment Essay
In the 1860s, the north and the south fought against each other over the long–standing controversy
over slavery. At the end of the Civil War, the 13th amendment abolish slavery and slaves were free
from their masters. The ex–slaves were free, but it would take some time for them to gain equal
rights. Former slaves faced obstacles for equal rights like voting and segregation for nearly a
century. Although the 14th and 15th amendments helped blacks with equal rights, there was no one
to blaze a trail for blacks until Martin Luther King Jr. came along. Martin Luther King Jr. was a
civil rights activist and became a figurehead during the Civil Rights Movement for his peaceful
protests. Martin Luther King Jr. peacefully stood against racial...show more content...
Constitution. This amendment was to help African Americans with citizens rights and equal
representation. The U.S Constitution stated that the 14th amendment said "all person born or
naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United
States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall
abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States." The 14th amendment provided
African Americans that was born in the United States equal citizenship with other natives in the U.S.
It also limited the power of states that they could not take away the rights of the citizens of the
United States.
Racial discrimination was a main factor that led to segregation. Whites racially discriminated
against other races due to the fact that whites thought other races were less superior than them. In
the late 1860s, a white supremacist group called the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) victimize different
races leaders and citizens in the South until 1871. In 1871, the U.S Congress passed a law that the
Klan leaders and group members would be arrested for their terrorism to American citizens for a
time (Khan Academy). For a period of time, this group of supremacist people tormented different
races for their public actions. Due to the Klan actions of threatening different races, Congress
decided that they should pass a law that Klan leaders or

What Is The 13th Amendment
The specific part of the Constitution that was involved was the Thirteenth Amendment and the
Fourteenth Amendment. These two amendments held great power but unfortunately did not
overpower the law. As a result of the Thirteenth Amendment, discrimination done in public areas had
no relevance to the prohibition of slavery. The Thirteenth Amendment was established to prohibit
slavery to people; however, it did not apply to these cases. These actions were due to the acts of
discrimination of private businesses and their own doings. In Constitutional Law: Principles and
Practice Hames & Ekern states, "Parties in the Civil Rights Cases also argued that the Thirteenth
Amendment authorized Congress to enact the law in question. Plaintiffs argued that

The United States Constitution is the greatest statement of consent by the governed in history.
Before the end of the revolution against Great Britain, the states basically operated as separate
countries under the Articles of Confederation. A stronger federal government with checks and
balances was needed. The Constitutional Convention wrote this important document and after
confirmation by a super majority of the states; it became the foundation of our government in 1789.
Soon thereafter, 12 amendments proposed by the Congress were sent to the states for ratification.
The first 10 of these amendments, known collectively as the Bill of Rights, were ratified and became
part of the Constitution in 1791. Since then, only 17 amendments have been...show more content...
The Fourth Amendment's prohibition on unreasonable searches and seizures doesn't seem to hit
home with many law abiding people. I have often heard the comment to the effect that if you have
nothing to hide, why should you care if the police search your car or home? Individual self– interest
runs the gamut.
Now, a few words about the Second Amendment, which will be the primary focus of future columns.
The United States is one of a handful of countries which has protection of the right to keep and bear
arms in a constitution. For many years, the public debate was whether or not the Second
Amendment protected an individual's right to keep and bear arms. That question was laid to rest by
the United States Supreme Court in the 2008 landmark decision, District of Columbia v Heller.
I will attempt to explore issues with regard to firearms regulation, what is possibly unconstitutional
or just unwise. The bedrock of any discussion must include acknowledgement that the right to keep
and bear arms is protected by the Bill of Rights. Attempts to diminish our rights should not be done
based on analogies to activities which are privileges (such as a driver's license to operate a motor
vehicle on a public highway.) Few suggest that a church must have a permit to operate or that your
home is your castle only if you meet some bureaucrat's

13th Amendment Argument
Argument found in 13th: 13th states a problem about our 13th amendment claiming that everyone is
free to their freedom but in all reality African Americans are still being targeted and put in prisons
and treated like slaves for no reason.
AGREE: African Americans were targeted still after the 13th amendment since they were people of
color. White people were scared of them because they saw them as animals and monster, white
women would say that they would rape them, even though they never even touch the then or even
make contact. The KKK was a terrorist organization in the U.S they wanted to eliminate the
community of color because they saw Africans American as a disgrace. Even though,slavery was
abolished in 1865 in December doesn't mean

13th Amendment Essay Questions
Do you know?
1.What the Thirteenth Amendment provides? The Fourteenth Amendment?
The Thirteenth Amendment provides neither slavery nor involuntary enslavement, except as a
punishment for crime of which the party shall be duly convicted, shall exist within the United States,
nor any place subject to their jurisdiction. This was ratified in1865.
The Fourteenth Amendment provides citizenship or naturalization; also that all children born in the
United States become American citizens despite the citizenship of his/her parents. This was ratified
in1868.
2.How procedural due process and substantive due process differ?
Procedural due process is when the aspects of the due process clause that relate to the procedure of
arresting and trying persons...show more content...
4.What the importance of Griswold is?
The importance of Griswold is for the Supreme Court to distinguish fundamental unenumerated
rights within the Due process clause.
5.How enumerated and unenumerated rights differ and the two types of standards used by the
Supreme Court to evaluate them?
The Enumerated rights are basically documented explicit rights incorporated against the states and
always evaluated with severe scrutiny; meanwhile unenumerated rights are rights not specified or
stated in the Bill of Rights or the Constitution but exist through the liberty guaranteed by the 14th
Amendment, which are assessed either fundamentally or non–fundamentally.
6.How discrimination differs from prejudice?
This is how discrimination differs from prejudice: discrimination is a behavior whilst prejudice is an
attitude
7.What significance the Dred Scott decision had?
The significance the Dred Scott decision had proclaimed that freed slaves do not have the right to
remain free in a territory or province where slavery was still considered

13th Amendment Research Paper
The amendment I choose from the United States Constitution is the Thirteenth Amendment. I picked
this amendment, because it was created and added to the Constitution at a really difficult and
troubling time in the United States of America. At this time in America there was a very high
tension between the North and the South that caused a great rift in this country. The South did not
like the view of North on slavery and decided on separating from part of the nation that did not
agree with them. The war that boiled over and started was the Civil War. The Civil War was during
the presidency of Abraham Lincoln who was chosen as president in November 1860. A few months
later the number of Southern states that seceded from the Union were increasing.

13th Amendment Civil Rights
The 13th Amendment, passed in 1865, abolished slavery in America. Even though African
Americans were technically free underneath this amendment, they still were discriminated against.
Before congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964, segregation was prevalent in the United States.
Even though there were some laws in place that prevented segregation, they were not actively
enforced by the police. Civil rights activists attempted to end segregation and discrimination in
America by starting boycotts and sometimes starting riots. The movement for racial equality led to a
lot of monumental events. Some of these events were the Montgomery Bus Boycott, sit–ins and the
famous March on Washington. This was a time of extreme change. The Civil rights act of 1964 was
meant to end segregation and discrimination completely, but many years of anti–black violence still
occurred after the bill was passed. After watching the powerful documentary made by Ava DuVernay,
13th, shows the history of racial inequality in the prison system of the United States.
This documentary was named after the 13th Amendment for a reason. This reason is to show the
fact that even though slavery was abolished, discrimination and some types of segregation still exist
in the United States. Ever since 1790, incarceration has been the center of the nation's criminal justice
system. Over the years, many alternatives to incarceration have been tried. It wasn't until the late
1980's when our criminal justice system

13Th Amendment Essay

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13Th Amendment Essay