Slides from my talk at the 1st systemd.conf in Berlin.

1. systemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config managementsystemd and config management
Julien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien Pivotto
systemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.confsystemd.conf
November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015November 6, 2015

2. user-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.sliceuser-1000.slice
Julien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien PivottoJulien Pivotto
• Sysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.euSysadmin at inuits.eu
• FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004FLOSS user since 2004
• systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010systemd user since 2010
EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEExherbo Linux
• DevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believerDevOps believer
• @roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie@roidelapluie on irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/githubon irc/twitter/github

3. inuits.eu

4. IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-2.0 License
https://www.flickr.com/photos/cote/13932690487

5. The DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movementThe DevOps movement
• DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDevOps is a movement born in 2009
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCollaboration between Developers and
Operations
• NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNothing new, just common sense
• DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDevOpsDays, a serie of conferences all
around the world

6. #DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS#DevOps C(L)AMS
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCulture
• (((((((((((((((((Lean)
• AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAutomation
• MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMeasurement
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSharing
John Willis and Damon Edwards

7. The A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMSThe A of C(L)AMS
• AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAutomation reduces human mistakes
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCContinuous Integration/Delivery
• RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRReproducable build
• RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRReproducable infrastructure
• Infrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as Code

8. Infrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as CodeInfrastructure as Code
• AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAutomate your infrastructure with code
• MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMModel your infrastructure
• MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMonitoring, security, applications and
backups are part of the process
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSScripts are not IaC

9. IaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practicesIaC best practices
• RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRun tests against that code
• PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPut it under version control
• DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDeploy with CI/CD: dev, uat, prod
environments…

10. Configuration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management toolsConfiguration Management tools

11. Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?Which world is this?
• bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbare-metal
• vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvirtualization
• cccccccccccccccccloud
• ……………………………………………

12. Heterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environmentsHeterogeneous environments
• LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLinux distributions are different
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIInit systems, File hierarchy
• EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEven between different releases of the same
distro
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCConfiguration manegement tools try to
abstract that

13. systemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picturesystemd in that picture

14. what people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people seewhat people see
• bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbefore: distinction between distributions
• nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnow: distinction between distributions and
systemd or not
• tttttttttttttttttomorrow: it will be hard to provide the all
the features of systemd to old distros

15. systemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distrossystemd hit majors distros
• RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRReaching Debian Stable and RHEL 7
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCConfig management needs to learn it
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIt brings lots of new patterns

16. Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)Terminology (puppet, simplified)
• rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrresource: description of a small piece (file,
service) with desired state
• mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmodule: collection of resources (e.g. a
module to setup Mysql)

17. ServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServices

18. ServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServicesServices
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSServices are basic resources in traditional IT
• sssssssssssssssssystemd changes a lot of things in that area
• ssssssssssssssssservices are now part of the "units" concept

19. Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)Init scripts (without systemd)
• WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWritten from scratch or templates
• DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDifferent patterns
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSometimes very long, hard to read

20. Changing old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scriptsChanging old init scripts
• WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWhy? Solve bugs, ajust niceness, change
command…
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCChange the full file!
• TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTemplate OS and version dependant

21. Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)Ordering (without systemd)

22. Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)Unit files (with systemd)
• iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini-like syntax
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSelf-explanatory
• SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSStandardized accross distros

23. Here is the rule:
Packaged files go in /lib. Config
management tools override in /etc.

24. No conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor filesNo conflict with vendor files
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCan be overriden in /etc/systemd/system
• NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNot afraid of package updates
• PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPartial override possible

25. Partial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override examplePartial override example
/etc/systemd/system/httpd.service.d/niceness.conf
[Service]
Nice=3

26. The surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surpriseThe surprise
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCreating the file is not enough
• sssssssssssssssssystemctl daemon-reload
Notice: /Service[mariadb]/ensure: ensure changed
’stopped’ to ’running’

27. Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)Ordering (with systemd)

28. daemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppetdaemon-reload in Puppet
file {
'/etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d/niceness.conf ':
ensure => present ,
content => template('systemd/niceness.erb '),
notify => [ Exec['systemctl−daemon−reload '],
Service['mariadb '], ]
}
exec {
'systemctl−daemon−reload ':
command => '/usr/bin/systemctl reload−daemon ',
refreshonly => true ,
}
service {
'mariadb ':
ensure => running ,
require => Exec['systemctl−daemon−reload '],
}

29. systemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reload

30. systemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reload

31. systemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl daemon-reload

32. systemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload orderingsystemctl daemon-reload ordering

33. Prevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to startPrevent a service to start
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCClassic init allows to disable services
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCConfigmgmt tools do not care
• ccccccccccccccccchmod 000 /etc/init.d/mysqld

34. Masking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking servicesMasking services
• llllllllllllllllln -s /dev/null
/etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service
• sssssssssssssssssystemctl daemon-reload
• DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDone. It can't be started anymore

35. masking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppetmasking in Puppet
file {
'/etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service ':
ensure => link ,
target => '/dev/null ',
notify => Exec['systemctl daemon−reload '],
}

36. (tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files(tmp) files
Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 License
https://www.flickr.com/photos/brightmeadow/3748310435

37. tmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemdtmpfiles before systemd
Several techniques: tmpfs, tmpwatch
#! /bin/sh
flags=−umc
/usr/sbin/tmpwatch "$flags" −x /tmp/.X11−unix −x /tmp/.
XIM−unix
−x /tmp/.font−unix −x /tmp/.ICE−unix −x /tmp/.
Test−unix
−X '/tmp/hsperfdata_*' 10d /tmp
/usr/sbin/tmpwatch "$flags" 30d /var/tmp
for d in /var/{cache/man,catman}/{cat?,X11R6/cat?,local/
cat?}; do
if [ −d "$d" ]; then
/usr/sbin/tmpwatch "$flags" −f 30d "$d"
fi
done

38. tmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemd
systemd-tmpfiles
v /tmp 1777 root root 10d
v /var/tmp 1777 root root 30d

39. tmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemdtmpfiles with systemd
• AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgain, simple text files
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCan be overwritten in /etc
• YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYet another command to launch

40. tmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppettmpfiles with systemd and Puppet
augeas {
"tmpfiles.d−${path}":
context => "/files/etc/tmpfiles.d/my.conf/*[path = '
${path}']",
changes => [
"set type 'd'",
"set gid '${group}'",
"set uid '${owner}'",
"set mode '${mode}'",
],
}
exec {"systemd−tmpfiles−${path}":
command => '/usr/bin/systemd−tmpfiles −−create ',
creates => $path ,
requires => Augeas["tmpfiles.d−${path}"],
}

41. TimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimersTimers
Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License
https://www.flickr.com/photos/southbeachcars/15110111516

42. Traditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cronTraditional cron
AMQP_BROKER_HOST =10.1.40.19
MAILTO="sysadmin@example.com"
ORACLE_HOME="/opt/example/part/python−oracle"
PG_HOSTNAME ="10.1.30.10"
PG_NAME="example"
WS_URL=https://prod.example.com/ws/input
LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/opt/example/lib"
CUPS_HOSTNAME ="10.1.40.1"
LOGGING_HOST ="10.0.50.16"
LOGGING_PORT="5544"
0 * * * * /opt/example/bin/cron−hourly
30 times.

43. What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?What's wrong?
• NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNo one reads those mails
• DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDo not keep track of exit code
• HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHard to read that crontab
• HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHow to reproduce the script?

44. The systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timersThe systemd approach: timers
• DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDescribe the job in a service file
• AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAdd a timer file
• EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEnable/start the timer service

45. Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?Why is it better?
• EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEasy to reproduce (launch the service unit)
• LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLogs go to the journal, isolated by unit
• AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAll the advantages of systemd units

46. NetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworking
Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 License
https://www.flickr.com/photos/clonedmilkmen/4391670988

47. NetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworkingNetworking
• NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNew name interfaces
• MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMakes sense because it is reliable
• DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDoes not really meet configmgmt
requirements

48. ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion

49. systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…systemd is complex…
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIt drags in a bunch of new pattern
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIt supports a lot of scenarios
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIt can do really advanced things

50. …but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks…but based on simple bricks
• IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIni-like file format
• EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEasy to read, to change
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCConfig management tools have all the base
bricks to manage that

51. There are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprisesThere are surprises
• sssssssssssssssssystemctl daemon-reload
• sssssssssssssssssystemd-tmpfiles
• tttttttttttttttttimers

52. You need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rulesYou need to know the rules
• TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTake time to learn how this works
• TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTThere is a gap between systemd devs and
sysadmins
• TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTThere are new non-obvious patterns for
sysadmins
• BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBut at the end eveyone can win

53. The tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools sideThe tools side
• TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTThe tools natively supports systemd
services
• CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCChef goes a lot further
• hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhttps://github.com/nathwill/chef-systemd

54. A Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gapsA Story of gaps
• Gap between systemd and configmgmt
tools
• Gap between systemd community and
cfgmgmt tools community
• Together we can close those gaps

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