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Compiled by RomaVažgėlienė
Elektrėnai Versmės Gymnasium
12.12.2013
DISCURSIVE ESSAY




It presents a balanced
and objective
examination of a
subject.
The topic may be
controversial, but the
discursive essay
attempts to present a
much more balanced
discussion of the issue.

ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY




It presents the
advantages and
disadvantages of a
certain subject .
Its purpose is to both
educate and persuade
the reader on a
particular point of
view.
DISCURSIVE ESSAY




They are written in a
more formal and
impersonal style than
other essays.
Each issue should be
discussed in a
separate paragraph
and each paragraph
should begin with a
strong topic sentence.

ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY




They follow a general
format. The writer
states an initial thesis
that contains the point
of view for which the
author is arguing.
The body generally
presents both sides of
the argument.
DISCURSIVE ESSAY







Introduction
1st Issue, situation
or problem
2nd Issue,
situation or
problem
Conclusion

ARGUMENTATIVE
ESSAY







Introduction
Arguments for /
against
Arguments
against / for
Conclusion


an introductory paragraph (you clearly state the
topic to be discussed),



a main body (points are clearly stated in separate
paragraphs (2 - 3) and exemplified or justified),



a closing paragraph summarising the main points of
the essay (you restate your opinion, and/or give a
balanced consideration of the topic).








passive voice, impersonal constructions (e.g. It is
argued that...; It is a common belief that…),
a range of advanced vocabulary (verbs, adjectives,
abstract nouns, etc) (e.g. heated debate concerning
the controversial issue…),
formal linking words/phrases (e.g. furthermore,
however, nonetheless),
complex sentences with a variety of links,
dependent clauses (e.g. Furthermore, a tendency
to self-concentration and egoism might rise when
one start measuring everything from a profitmaking perspective.),
inversion, especially in conditionals (e.g. Never
has this been more obvious…).










short forms (e.g. I'm; It’s) except when
these are part of a quotation,
colloquial expressions, phrasal verbs,
idioms (e.g. lots of, put up with, be over the
moon about…),
simplistic vocabulary (e.g. Experts say they
think this is bad….),
a series of short sentences (e.g. Many
people think so. They are wrong.),
simple linking words (e.g. and, but, so).
Do

Do not use

Write in proper, complete sentences

Abbreviations (i.e./e.g./etc./UK/&)

Use complete words and expressions

Contractions (isn't/don't/won't)

Use proper, standard English

Slang (e.g. bloke/geezer etc)

Colloquial language (mate/bolshy etc.)











for example
that is
that is to say
for instance
in other words
namely
such as
as follows
a typical/particular/key
example











typical of this
including
especially
in particular
mainly
most importantly
a good illustration of
this is
it is interesting to note








similarly
equally
likewise
also
furthermore
indeed









in the same way
besides
above all
as well
in addition
moreover










first(ly)
second(ly)
third(ly)
finally
to begin/start with
in the first/second
place
first and foremost










first and most
importantly
another
then
after
next
afterwards
ultimately












however
on the other hand
alternatively
in contrast
instead (of)
conversely
on the contrary
in fact
in comparison
another possibility
while













whereas
but
better/worst
despite this
in spite of
although
nevertheless
notwithstanding
for all that
yet
in opposition to this











so
therefore
accordingly
hence
as a result
/consequence
resulting from
in consequence of this
consequently










because of this/that
for this reason
owing to/due to the
fact
this demonstrates
it follows that
this suggests that
accepting/assuming
this








in conclusion
it can be concluded
this implies
in short
to conclude
to sum up








all in all
in brief
all things
considered
taking everything
into account
If there is one thing that virtually all the world„s cultures have in common, it
is marriage. Beliefs, diet and languages vary greatly, but the desire people
have to share their lives with another seems universal. Why, then, is
marriage so popular?
Psychologists have said that people have a deep need for the emotional
security which mariage provide. Knowing that one has a partner in life
makes it easier to cope with the problems of daily life. On the other hand,
the fact that many single people are content to live alone suggests that the
“emotional need” theory is incomplete.
British novelist Fay Weldon once stated, “Marriage has nothing to do with
emotion and everything to do with property.” According to the supporters
of this view, people marry in order to increase their wealth, either by
marrying a rich partner or because, as the saying goes, “two can live
cheaply as one.” It is true that financial considerations are often the
primary reason that people marry. However, there are countless examples
of people “marrying for love”, regardless of their mate‟s lack of money.

All in all, marriage continues to be extremely popular in many societies.
Most of us have a need for love and support and want to have children at
some point in our lives. Fully understanding the reason why people marry,








Paragraph 1: state topic (why is marriage so
popular?)
Paragraph 2: ‘emotional’ need for a partner;
comparison between single/married people
Paragraph 3: why people marry – for
love/money
Paragraph 4: make general comments
(difficult to fully understand reason why
people marry)








Evans Virginia, 2006: Successful Writing (UpperIntermediate). Newbury: Express Publishing, 2006.
http://classroom.synonym.com/difference-betweendiscursive-argumentative-essays-2616.html

http://academicwriting.wikidot.com/what-is-anessay
http://www.alvaacademy.clacks.sch.uk/docs/Discur
sive%20Essay%20Booklet%20DPT.pdf

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Discursive essay

  • 1. Compiled by RomaVažgėlienė Elektrėnai Versmės Gymnasium 12.12.2013
  • 2. DISCURSIVE ESSAY   It presents a balanced and objective examination of a subject. The topic may be controversial, but the discursive essay attempts to present a much more balanced discussion of the issue. ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY   It presents the advantages and disadvantages of a certain subject . Its purpose is to both educate and persuade the reader on a particular point of view.
  • 3. DISCURSIVE ESSAY   They are written in a more formal and impersonal style than other essays. Each issue should be discussed in a separate paragraph and each paragraph should begin with a strong topic sentence. ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY   They follow a general format. The writer states an initial thesis that contains the point of view for which the author is arguing. The body generally presents both sides of the argument.
  • 4. DISCURSIVE ESSAY     Introduction 1st Issue, situation or problem 2nd Issue, situation or problem Conclusion ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY     Introduction Arguments for / against Arguments against / for Conclusion
  • 5.  an introductory paragraph (you clearly state the topic to be discussed),  a main body (points are clearly stated in separate paragraphs (2 - 3) and exemplified or justified),  a closing paragraph summarising the main points of the essay (you restate your opinion, and/or give a balanced consideration of the topic).
  • 6.      passive voice, impersonal constructions (e.g. It is argued that...; It is a common belief that…), a range of advanced vocabulary (verbs, adjectives, abstract nouns, etc) (e.g. heated debate concerning the controversial issue…), formal linking words/phrases (e.g. furthermore, however, nonetheless), complex sentences with a variety of links, dependent clauses (e.g. Furthermore, a tendency to self-concentration and egoism might rise when one start measuring everything from a profitmaking perspective.), inversion, especially in conditionals (e.g. Never has this been more obvious…).
  • 7.      short forms (e.g. I'm; It’s) except when these are part of a quotation, colloquial expressions, phrasal verbs, idioms (e.g. lots of, put up with, be over the moon about…), simplistic vocabulary (e.g. Experts say they think this is bad….), a series of short sentences (e.g. Many people think so. They are wrong.), simple linking words (e.g. and, but, so).
  • 8. Do Do not use Write in proper, complete sentences Abbreviations (i.e./e.g./etc./UK/&) Use complete words and expressions Contractions (isn't/don't/won't) Use proper, standard English Slang (e.g. bloke/geezer etc) Colloquial language (mate/bolshy etc.)
  • 9.          for example that is that is to say for instance in other words namely such as as follows a typical/particular/key example         typical of this including especially in particular mainly most importantly a good illustration of this is it is interesting to note
  • 11.        first(ly) second(ly) third(ly) finally to begin/start with in the first/second place first and foremost        first and most importantly another then after next afterwards ultimately
  • 12.            however on the other hand alternatively in contrast instead (of) conversely on the contrary in fact in comparison another possibility while            whereas but better/worst despite this in spite of although nevertheless notwithstanding for all that yet in opposition to this
  • 13.         so therefore accordingly hence as a result /consequence resulting from in consequence of this consequently        because of this/that for this reason owing to/due to the fact this demonstrates it follows that this suggests that accepting/assuming this
  • 14.       in conclusion it can be concluded this implies in short to conclude to sum up     all in all in brief all things considered taking everything into account
  • 15. If there is one thing that virtually all the world„s cultures have in common, it is marriage. Beliefs, diet and languages vary greatly, but the desire people have to share their lives with another seems universal. Why, then, is marriage so popular? Psychologists have said that people have a deep need for the emotional security which mariage provide. Knowing that one has a partner in life makes it easier to cope with the problems of daily life. On the other hand, the fact that many single people are content to live alone suggests that the “emotional need” theory is incomplete. British novelist Fay Weldon once stated, “Marriage has nothing to do with emotion and everything to do with property.” According to the supporters of this view, people marry in order to increase their wealth, either by marrying a rich partner or because, as the saying goes, “two can live cheaply as one.” It is true that financial considerations are often the primary reason that people marry. However, there are countless examples of people “marrying for love”, regardless of their mate‟s lack of money. All in all, marriage continues to be extremely popular in many societies. Most of us have a need for love and support and want to have children at some point in our lives. Fully understanding the reason why people marry,
  • 16.     Paragraph 1: state topic (why is marriage so popular?) Paragraph 2: ‘emotional’ need for a partner; comparison between single/married people Paragraph 3: why people marry – for love/money Paragraph 4: make general comments (difficult to fully understand reason why people marry)
  • 17.     Evans Virginia, 2006: Successful Writing (UpperIntermediate). Newbury: Express Publishing, 2006. http://classroom.synonym.com/difference-betweendiscursive-argumentative-essays-2616.html http://academicwriting.wikidot.com/what-is-anessay http://www.alvaacademy.clacks.sch.uk/docs/Discur sive%20Essay%20Booklet%20DPT.pdf