2. How are living things classified?
The Animal kingdom can be divided into vertebrates and invertebrates. Fish,
birds, reptiles, amphibians and mammals are all vertebrates. Worms and snails
are invertebrates: they don’t have a spinal column.
Groups of living things with similar cells are called kingdoms. There are five
kingdoms: Animal, Plant, Monera, Fungi and Protista.
3. What are the characteristics of mammals?
All mammals have lungs to breathe. Mammals have skin and hair. Most
mammals have four legs. Almost all mammals are viviparous.
4. What are the characteristics of reptiles?
Reptiles have hard scales. Reptiles have lungs to breathe. Many reptiles have
four legs, but snakes don’t have legs. Reptiles are oviparous.
5. What are the characteristics of fish?
Fish breathe with their gills. They have a long body covered with
scales. Fish have fins and tails. Almost all fish are oviparous.
6. What are the characteristics of birds?
Birds have lungs and four extremities: two wings and two legs. Birds have
aerodynamic bodies. Birds are oviparous.
7. What are the characteristics of amphibians?
Amphibians have thin, smooth skin and they have four legs. When they’re
young, they have gills to breathe. When they become adults, they grow lungs
to breathe. Amphibians are oviparous.
8. How do we classify invertebrate animals?
Invertebrate animals are classified into six groups: arthropods,
molluscs, porifera, coelenterates, echinoderms and annelids.
9. What different types of body coverings do
invertebrates have?
Hard shell Exoskeleton No protective body
covering
10. How can we classify seed plants?
Angiosperms Gymnosperms
Angiosperms produce flowers. Gymnosperms produce cones.
11. How can we classify non-seed plants?
Ferns Mosses
Non-seed plants produce spores.
12. What are the Monera, Fungi and Protista
kingdoms like?
Many multicellular
fungi consist of a cap, a
stem and a network of
hyphae. These are long
tubular structures.
Monerans are simple
unicellular organisms.
They don’t have
bodies.
Protists can be
unicellular or
multicellular.
13. What have we learnt?
Plant Monera Fungi Protista
There are five kingdoms ...
Animal
14. What have we learnt?
reptiles fish amphibians birds
Vertebrates can be classified into...
mammals
15. What have we learnt?
molluscs echinoderms coelenterates porifera
Invertebrates can be classifed into...
arthropods annelids
