Simple machines are devices that make work easier by changing the direction or magnitude of a force. The document defines six simple machines: the lever, which lifts heavy objects; the inclined plane, a slanted surface that connects different levels; the wheel and axle, which uses a wheel turning on a post to move things quickly; the pulley, which is a wheel and axle with a rope; the wedge, made of two inclined planes joined together; and the screw, another simple machine.