7. Geography
Bangladesh is a low-lying, riverine country located in
South Asia with a largely marshy jungle coastline of
580 km (360 mi) on the northern littoral of the Bay of
Bengal. Formed by a delta plain at the confluence of
the Ganges (Padma), Brahmaputra (Jamuna), and
Meghna Rivers and their tributaries, Bangladesh's
alluvial soil is highly fertile, but vulnerable to flood
and drought. Hills rise above the plain only in the
Chittagong Hill Tracts in the far southeast and the
Sylhet division in the northeast.
8. Climate
Bangladesh has a tropical monsoon climate characterized by
wide seasonal variations in rainfall, high temperatures, and
high humidity. Regional climatic differences in this flat country
are minor. Three seasons are generally recognised: a hot,
muggy summer from March to June; a hot, humid and rainy
monsoon season from June to November; and a warm-hot,
dry winter from December to February. In general, maximum
summer temperatures range between 38 and 41 °C (100.4
and 105.8 °F). April is the hottest month in most parts of the
country. January is the coolest month, when the average
temperature for most of the country is 16–20 °C (61–68 °F)
during the day and around 10 °C (50 °F) at night.
9. Agriculture
Bangladesh is mainly an agricultural country. About 85% of our total
population depends on agriculture directly or indirectly. The soil of
Bangladesh is fertile and its climate is favorable for agricultural
product. rich and jute are the main agricultural products of our
country. Rich is our principal food and jute is our main cash crop.
Other valuable crops are various kinds of pulse, sugarcane, betel
nut and betel left, vegetables are also important among the
products of our country. The commonest of them are potato,
brinnal, onion, garlic, radish and p umpkin. In view of the fact that
agriculture is the backbone of our national economy, to-priority
should be given for the development of our agriculture. The
government of Bangladesh has undertaken various programs for
the improvement of agriculture.
10. River’s of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is a land of rivers. She is in fact cross-crossed by numerous rivers.
These river are very useful to the overall development of the country. The river
here are full to the brim in the rainy season. But in winter they take a very shabby
look. There are many rivers in Bangladesh. Of them The Padma, The Meghna, The
Jamuna, The Karnaphuli, The Brahammaputra etc are the big and main rivers.
Apart from these, there are many other small river almost all over the country. The
rivers of Bangladesh play a very important role in various sectors.
Firstly, They are a huge source of fishes. Actually the rivers are a real sanctuary of
fishes which d one of our main food items.
Secondly, The agriculture sector of our country largely depends on those rivers for
irrigation.
Thirdly, Some nightly river are also great source of energy. For example: The hydro-
electric project on the river Karnnafuly can remove the power shortage of
Bangladesh to a great extent.
Fourthly, Our river are the main way of communication. Moreover the rivers carry
silt with them which increases the fertility of our lands. They are also a great
source of natural beauties.
11. Father of the Nation
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
(1920-1975)
27. Bangladesh's First
President: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
Acting President: Syed Nazrul Islam
Prime Minister: Tajuddin Ahmad
Female Prime Minister: Begum Khaleda Zia
Speaker of Parliament: Mohammad Ullah
Chief Justice: A.S.M. Sayem
Minister of external affairs: A.H.M. Kamrujjaman
Finance minister: Captain M. Monsur Ali
Attorney General: M.H. Khandaker
Army Chief: General Ataul Ghani Osmani
Air Force Chief: A.K. Khandaker
Election Commissioner: Justice Mohammed Idris
Bangladesh Bank Governor: A.N. Hamidullah
Everest winner: Musa Ibrahim
Female Everest winner: Nishat Mozumdar
28. Festivals
Pohela Boishakh, the Bengali new year, is the major festival of
Bengali culture and sees widespread festivities. Of the major
holidays celebrated in Bangladesh, only Pohela Boishakh
comes without any preexisting expectations (specific religious
identity, culture of gift-giving, etc.). Unlike holidays like Eid al-
Fitr, where dressing up in lavish clothes has become a norm,
or Christmas where exchanging gifts has become an integral
part of the holiday, Pohela Boishakh is really about celebrating
the simpler, rural roots of the Bengal. As a result, more people
can participate in the festivities together without the burden
of having to reveal one's class, religion, or financial capacity.
Other cultural festivals include Nabonno, and Poush porbon
(festival of Poush), both Bengali harvest festivals.
29. Economy
Bangladesh is a developing country, with a market-
based mixed economy and is listed as one of the
Next Eleven emerging markets. The per capita
income of Bangladesh was US$1,190 in 2014, with a
GDP of US$209 billion. In South Asia, Bangladesh has
the third-largest economy after those of India and
Pakistan, and has the second highest foreign
exchange after India. The Bangladeshi diaspora
contributed US$15.31 billion in remittances in 2015.
30. Military
As of 2012, the current strength of the army is around
300,000 including reservists, the air force 22,000, and
navy 24,000.In addition to traditional defence roles, the
military has been called on to provide support to civil
authorities for disaster relief and internal security during
periods of political unrest. Bangladesh has consistently
been the world's largest contributor to UN peacekeeping
forces for many years. In February 2015, Bangladesh had
major deployments in the Democratic Republic of Congo,
Liberia, Darfur, Côte d'Ivoire, Haiti, South Sudan,
Lebanon, Cyprus and the Golan Heights.
31. Bangladesh Armed Forces
Motto: "Ever High is head!
Founded: 4 April 1971
Service/branches: Bangladesh Army
Bangladesh Air Force
Bangladesh Navy
Headquarters: Dhaka Cantonment
Commander-in-Chief: President of Bangladesh
Minister of Defence: Prime Minister
32. Bangladesh Army
Active: 26 March 1971–present
Country: Bangladesh
Allegiance: Constitution of Bangladesh
Type: Army
Part of: Bangladesh Armed Forces
Army Headquarters: Dhaka Cantonment
Nickname(s): BA/BD Army
Motto: "In War, In Peace We are Everywhere for our Country"
Colors: Black, Green
March: Chol Chol Chol
33. Bangladesh Air Force
Active: 1971–present
Country: Bangladesh
Allegiance: People's Republic of Bangladesh
Type: Military aviation
Part of: Bangladesh Armed Forces
Headquarters: Dhaka Cantonment
Nickname(s): BAF
Motto: Free shall we keep the sky of Bangladesh
Colors: Light Sky, Deep sky
Patron: The President of Bangladesh
34. Bangladesh Navy
Active: 1971–present
Country: Bangladesh
Allegiance: People's Republic of Bangladesh
Type: Navy
Part of: Bangladesh Armed Forces
Headquarters: NHQ, Banani, Dhaka
Nickname(s): BN
Motto: In War and Peace Invincible at Sea
Colors: White, Blue
Patron: The President of Bangladesh
35. Bangladesh Liberation War
Date 26 March – 16 December 1971
Location Bangladesh ( East Pakistan)
Result Bangladesh Win
Territorial changes East Pakistan secedes from Pakistan and becomes Bangladesh
Commanders M. A. G. Osmani, J.“. Aurora & other’s Ba gladesh
A.A.K. Niazi, Rao Farman Ali & other’s Pakista
Strength Bangladesh Forces & Indian Forces : 675,000
Pakistani Forces: 480,000
36. Highest military award (Bir Sreshtho)
The Bir Sreshtho is the highest military award of Bangladesh. It was awarded to
seven freedom fighters who showed utmost bravery and died in action for their
nation. They are considered martyrs.The other three gallantry awards are named,
in decreasing order of importance, Bir Uttom, Bir Bikrom and Bir Protik. All of
these awards were introduced immediately after the Liberation War in 1971.
The award was published by the Bangladesh Gazette on 15 December 1973. It is
the highest military award of Bangladesh, similar to the American Medal of Honor
or the British Victoria Cross. It has only been given in 1973 to seven people. Listed
below are the people who have received the Bir Srestho.
1. Captain Mohiuddin Jahangir
2. Sepahi Hamidur Rahman
3. Sepahi Mostafa Kamal
4. Engine Room Artificer Mohammad Ruhul Amin
5. Flight Lieutenant Matiur Rahman
6. Lance Naik Munshi Abdur Rouf
7. Lance Naik Nur Mohammad Sheikh
47. Bangladesh's largest
Dam: Kaptai dam
Jute mill: Adamjee Jute Mill
Railway station: Kamlapur (Dhaka)
Mosque: Baitul Mukarram National Mosque
Airport: Shah Jalal International Airport
Park: Suhrawardy Udyan
Upazila(Area) : Baghaichori (1981 sq km)
District: Rangamati (6116 sq km)
Island: Bhola (386 sq km)
University: Dhaka University
Museum: Dhaka National Museum
Zoo: Bangladesh National Zoo
Hospital: Dhaka Medical College Hospital
Stadium: Bangabandhu National
Stadium
Bank: Bangladesh Bank
City: Dhaka
Sea port: Chittagong sea port
Hotel: Hotel Sonargaon, Dhaka
48. Longest Sea Beach in the World
Co ’s Bazaar Sea Beach is the largest sea beach in the world. It
is situated at the shore of the Bay of Bengal to the most
southern part of our country. This sea beach is 120 kilometers
long. Every year many tourists come here from home and
abroad to enjoy its natural beauty. The scene of sunrise and
sunset can be enjoyed from this beach. People collect sea-
shells, pearls etc. from this sea beach. This is very fascinating
and a great attraction for all the beauty lovers.
49. Highest Mountain
Tajingdong is a mountain of Bangladesh. Officially it
is the highest mountain of Bangladesh. It is located in
Ruma upazila in Bandarban district. The official
height of the mountain Tajingdong is 1280 meters
(2723 feet). The local tribal language, 'tajim' means
big and 'Dong' means mountain, the mountain is
named after the two words from the Tajingdong.
Officially it name is Bijo .
50. Important Days
Homeland return day 10 January
International Mother Language day 21 February
Agartala conspiracy withdrawal day 22 February
National flag uphold day 2 March
National Child day 17 March
National day 26 March
Mujib Nagar day 17 April
National Mourning day 15 August
Murder of Jail day 3 November
Armed force day 21 November
Shahid Buddhijibi day 14 December
Victory day 16 December
51. Languages
Bangla (Bengali) being the sole official language and also the de
facto national language of Bangladesh, English is sometimes used
secondarily for official purposes, especially in the judiciary.
More than 98% of Bangladeshis speak Bangla as their native
language.English is also used as a second language among the
middle and upper classes and is also widely used in higher
education and the legal system.Historically, laws were written in
English and were not translated into Bangla until 1987.
Bangladesh's Constitution and all laws are now in both English and
Bangla.
Stranded Pakistani Biharis since 1971 living in various camps in
Bangladesh speak Urdu. Similarly, Rohingya Refugees from Burma
since 1978 living in various camps in Bangladesh speak Rohingya.
There are also several indigenous minority languages.
53. Sports
Cricket is one of the most popular sports in Bangladesh, followed by football. The
national cricket team participated in their first Cricket World Cup in 1999, and the
following year was granted elite Test cricket status. In 2011, Bangladesh
successfully co-hosted the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 with India and Sri Lanka. In
2012, the country hosted the Asia Cup. They participated at the 2010 Asian Games
in Guangzhou, defeating Afghanistan to claim their Gold Medal in the first ever
cricket tournament held in the Asian Games. Bangladeshi cricketer Sakib Al Hasan
is no.1 on the ICC's all-rounder rankings in all three formats of the cricket.
Kabaddi is a very popular game in Bangladesh, considered the national game.
54. International Airports
Bangladesh has 3 international Airports. These are:
1. Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport (Dhaka)
2. Shah Amanat International Airport (Chittagong)
3. Osmani International Airport (Sylhet)
55. Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport
Airport type: Public / Military
Owner: Bangladesh Government
Operator: Civil Aviation Authority, Bangladesh
Serves: Dhaka
Location: Kurmitola
Elevation AMSL: 27 ft / 8 m
Passenger movements: 15,554,215
Cargo handled (tonnes): 300,075
56. Shah Amanat International Airport
Airport type: Public / Military
Owner: Bangladesh Government
Operator: Civil Aviation Authority, Bangladesh
Serves: Chittagong, Bangladesh
Location: Patenga
Elevation AMSL: 12 ft / 4 m
57. Osmani International Airport
Airport type: Public
Owner: Bangladesh Government
Operator: Civil Aviation Authority, Bangladesh
Serves: Sylhet, Bangladesh
Location: Sylhet
Elevation : 50 ft / 15 m
58. Sea Ports
Bangladesh has 3 sea port. These are:
1. Port of Chittagong
2. Port of Mongla
3. Port of Payra
59. Port of Chittagong
Country: Bangladesh
Location: Chittagong, Chittagong Division
Opened: 1887
Operated by: Chittagong Port Authority
Owned by: Government of Bangladesh
Annual cargo tonnage: 43.37 million (2012-13)
60. Port of Mongla
Country: Bangladesh
Location: Bagerhat
Opened: 1950
Operated by: Mongla Port Authority
Owned by: Government of Bangladesh
Import-export : 3 million metric tons (per year)
61. Currency (Bangladeshi Taka)
ISO 4217 code: BDT
Central bank: Bangladesh Bank
User(s): Bangladesh
Inflation: 6.17 %
Symbol: ৳
Coins: ৳1, ৳2, ৳5
Banknotes: ৳2, ৳5, ৳10, ৳20, ৳50, ৳100, ৳500 &
৳1000
Printer: The Security Printing Corporation Bangladesh Ltd.
