What is democracy? Democracy means Government by the people. The word comes from the ancient Greek words "demos" (people) and "Kratos" (to rule). A democratic country has a system of Government in which people have the power to participate in decision-making. Every democracy is unique and works in different ways. In some democracies, citizens contribute directly to decision-making by voting on laws and policy proposals (direct democracy). In other countries like Australia, citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf (representative democracy).

1. Flood Recovery

2. The 'steroid monsoon,' directly related to climate
change, has been called catastrophic and repeatedly
biblical as it caused a flooding summer in Pakistan. The
entire area was flooded, killing more than 1,700 people,
destroying homes, infrastructure, and vast farmland
regions, and displacing millions of people from their
homes

3. More than four months after the worst floods, nearly
90,000 people are still forced from their homes, and
flooding continues in some areas. Recovering from such
a disaster and rebuilding lost infrastructure such as
roads and schools is extremely difficult for any country,
let alone a government dealing with a cash crisis like
Pakistan.

4. However, the Government of Pakistan, especially
Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto Zardari and Climate
Minister Sherry Lehman, who has visited the United
States twice since the summer, have done a
commendable job in raising awareness of the flood
disaster to the world.

5. More than $9 billion was pledged for flood remediation
over the next three years at a pledge conference co-
hosted by Sharif in Geneva earlier this month with UN
Secretary-General António Guterres (financing primarily
in the form of project loans). ). Pakistan also played a
vital role in the debate on the devastating impacts of
climate change on developing countries, led efforts to
put loss and damage on the agenda of COP27 for the first
time, and asked Egyptian COP representatives to
establish a Loss and Compensation Fund. urged to agree
to

6. 4. Growing Anxiety
Pakistan's Taliban (or TTP), a terrorist group that
killed tens of thousands of Pakistanis between 2007
and 2014, is expected to gain momentum in Taliban-
controlled Afghanistan, albeit in a limited
geographical area. It poses a new threat to Pakistan
(for now). The group has been responsible for at least
150 attacks over the past year, mostly in
northwestern Pakistan.
The Pakistani state is increasingly unable to deal

7. 5. Civil-military relations
Pakistan welcomed a new Army Chief of Staff on
November 29 last year. General Asim Munir replaced his
General Qamar Javed Bajwa, who had held the post of
Almighty for six years (because it was extended for three
years). The appointment of the Secretary of War has
been the subject of considerable political controversy
over the past year.

8. A significant reason for Khan's ouster from power was a
dispute with the military over the issue of senior military
officer appointments. Attention is focused on how civil-
military relations will develop under the Mounir
administration. Under Bajwa, the military tightened its
control over all behind-the-scenes politics.

9. Bajwa presided over a close relationship with the Khan
on equal terms. When this stalled, the PML-N aspired to
replace Khan as a military ally and head of the civilian
government. Bajwa resigned, saying the military would
no longer interfere in political affairs. Few people in
Pakistan believe in him. With politics set to dominate
the agenda this year and elections looming, Mounir has a
chance to show the country whether he will follow suit.