Myocarditis

1. MYOCARDITIS

2. • Myocarditis is a focal or diffuse inflammation of
the myocardium

3. Etiology and
pathophysiology
• Myocarditis usually results from a viral, bacterial,
mycotic, parasitic, protozoal,
• It also may occur in patients after acute systemic
infections such as rheumatic fever,
• In those receiving immunosuppressive therapy,
or in those with infective endocarditis.

4. Pathophysiology

5. Clinical Manifestations
• The symptoms of acute myocarditis depend on the
• type of infection,
• the degree of myocardial damage,
• capacity of the myocardium to recover
S/S
Fever
Fatigue
myalgias
pharyngitis
dyspnoea, lymphadenopathy

6. DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
• History and physical examination
• ECG- dysrhythmias
• Lab test- elevated WBC,ESR,CRP Levels
elevated cardiac biomarkers
Endomyocardial biopsy

7. Management
• The patient receives specific treatment for the underlying
cause if it is known (eg, penicillin for hemolytic
streptococci) and is placed on bed rest to decrease the
cardiac workload
• Digoxin
• Diuretics
• Bed rest
• Oxygen therapy

8. Nursing management
• The nurse assesses the patient’s temperature to
determine whether the disease is subsiding
• The cardiovascular assessment focuses on signs and
symptoms of heart failure and dysrhythmia
• Elastic compression stockings and passive and active
exercises should be used,