ITS ALL ABOUT DIFFERENT TYPES OF PHILOSOPHY

1. Standard :IX
Unit :Language, Art, Philosophy
Name : Saranya T L
Roll number: 12
B.ed Social science
Gcte , Thycaud , TVPM

2. BUDDHISM
• Buddhism is a religion to about 300 million
people around the world.
• The word comes from 'budhi', 'to awaken'.
• It has its origins about 2,500 years ago when
Siddhartha Gotama, known as the Buddha, was
himself awakened (enlightened) at the age of
35.

3. • To many, Buddhism goes beyond religion and
is more of a philosophy or 'way of life'.
• It is a philosophy because philosophy 'means
love of wisdom' and the Buddhist path can be
summed up as:
(1) to lead a moral life,
(2) to be mindful and aware of thoughts and
actions, and
(3) to develop wisdom and understanding.

4. JAINISM
• The exact place where Jainism
started is not confirmed, but India is
most commonly referred to as the
place of origin.
• Jainism, as a religion, was, at various
times, found all over South Asia
including Sri Lanka and what are
now Pakistan, Bangladesh, Burma
and Afghanistan.

5. • Jainism started out in the sixth century B.C as
a protest against the overdeveloped rituals of
Hinduism. The actual date is still questioned,
but it is believed that it started no earlier than
850 B.C (7th-5th Century B.C

6. • Buddhism and Jainism became popular during
the 6th century B.C.
• There are several similarities between the two religions.
• Both advise their followers to avoid himsa or
violence.
• Both oppose Vedic rituals and customs.
• Both accept life in Sanghas and stay in Viharas or
monasteries. The supreme teachers of
• Jainism are the Thirthankaras, of whom there
are twenty four. Vardhamana Mahavira, the
last Thirthankara, and the Buddha were
contemporaries.

7. • Kapilavastu of Nepal was the birth place of the
Buddha.
• His father was Suddhodana and his mother,
Mayadevi.
• The Buddha did meditation under the Bodhi
tree at Bodhigaya. This was to find out the
cause and cure for suffering of the world.
• At the end of the meditation, he got
Enlightenment.
• The Buddha advised people to conquer desires
which brought misery.

8. Taoism and Confucianism
• Taoism and Confucianism emerged in China at
the time when the Buddhist and Jaina
philosophies were spreading in India.

9. Taoism
• Lao Tse who was born
in 604 B.C. was the
founder of Taoism.
• Tao means the 'path'.
• Taoism gave great
importance to simplicity
and acquisition of
knowledge.

10. Confucianism
• Confucius, the founder of
Confucianism was born in
551 B.C.
• This philosophy, which
gave importance to happy
co-existence and suggested
that goodness in man was
the solution for all ills,
spread extensively in
China.
Confucius

11. Zoroastrianism
• Zoroastrianism was founded by Zarathustra, who was
born in Persia.
• He held that when fire, which is one of the five
elements, burns, everything is purified.
• Zoroastrians do not cremate dead bodies, believing
that the burning of corpses would pollute fire.
• On the other hand, they leave dead bodies in the open,
offering them as food for birds.
• The solar plate and lamp are the sacred symbols
that reflect the Zoroastrian thought and practice.

12. Jewish
philosophy
• The Torah is the most important scripture in
Judaism.
• It is written in Hebrew.
• The Jews believe in the Ten Commandments
received by their prophet.
• They believe that they are the descendants of
Abraham.

13. Christian
philosophy
• Christian philosophy begins with the efforts
made by Jesus Christ who tried to cleanse the
society of its evils and superstitions.
• The Sermon of the Mount is the essence of his
philosophy.
• The Christian view presents good qualities
such as loving one's neighbor, that heaven
would not be available to those who love
wealth, and so on.
• The Bible is their most important scripture.

14. Islamic
philosophy
• Prophet Muhammed was born in Mecca in 571
A. D.
• It is believed that, at the age of 40, while he
was meditating in a Cave at Hira he had divine
revelation.
• Then he became known as the 'Prophet'.
• He asked all the people to believe in one God
and criticized all the social evils that prevailed
in the Arab society.

15. • Quran is the basic scripture of Islamic religion
and philosophy.
• Islam believes in the permanence of the soul
and in a Final Judgment.
• Islam teaches that in all transactions, honesty
should be maintained.