array

1. Array is a collection of identical data objects which are stored
in consecutive memory locations under a common heading or a
variable name.
Array Declaration
storage_class data_type array_name[expression];
static char page[8];
where storage_class refers to the scope of the array variable
such as external, static, automatic.
09/04/131 VIT - SCSE
Array

2. Array Initialization
storage_class data_type array_name[expression] = {element 1,
element 2,……,element n};
Types of Array
1. Single Dimensional Array
2. Two Dimensional Array
3. Multi Dimensional Array
09/04/132 VIT - SCSE

3. Single Dimensional
#include<iostream.h>
void main()
{
int a[7]={11,12,13,14,15,16,17};
int i;
cout<<”Contents of the array n”;
for(i=0;i<6;i++)
{
cout<<a[i]<<’t’;
}}
09/04/133 VIT - SCSE

4. A program to read a set of numbers
from the keyboard and to find out the
largest number in the given array.
#include<iostream.h>
void main()
{ int a[100];
int i,n,larg;
cout<<”How many numbers are in
the array?”<<endl;
cin>>n;
cout<<”Enter the
elements”<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++)
{ cin>>a[i];
}
09/04/134 VIT - SCSE
cout<<”Contents of the
array”<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++)
{
cout<<a[i]<<’t’;
}
cout<<endl;
larg=a[0];
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++)
{
if(larg<a[i])
larg=a[i];
}
cout<<”Largest value in
the array=”<<larg;
}

5. A program to read a set of numbers from the standard input device
and to sort them in ascending order.
09/04/135 VIT - SCSE
cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++)
{ for(j=0;j<=n-1;j++)
if(a[i]<a[j])
{ temp=a[i];
a[i]=a[j];
a[j]=temp;
} }
cout<<”Contents(sorted
form)”<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++)
{ cout<<a[i]<<’t’;
}
cout<<endl;
}
#include<iostream.h>
void main()
{ int a[100];
int i,j,n,temp;
cout<<”How many numbers are
in the array?”<<endl;
cin>>n;
cout<<”Enter the
elements”<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++)
{ cin>>a[i];
}cout<<”Contents”<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++)
{cout<<a[i]<<’t’;
}

6. A program to read a set of numbers from the keyboard and to find out the
sum of all elements of the given array using function
09/04/136 VIT - SCSE
Arrays and Functions
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++)
{
cin>>a[i];
}
cout<<”Output from the
array”<<endl;
output(a,n);
sum=sumarray(a,n);
cout<<endl;
cout<<”Sum of the
values of the
array=”<<sum;
}
#include<iostream.h>
#define MAX 100
void main()
{
void output(int a[],int n);
int sumarray(int a[],int n);
int a[MAX];
int I,n,sum;
cout<<”How many numbers are in
the array?”<<endl;
cin>>n;
cout<<”Enter the elements”<<endl;

7. 09/04/137 VIT - SCSE
void output(int a[],int n)
{ cout<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++)
{
cout<<a[i]<<’t’;
} }
int sumarray(int x[],int max)
{
int value=0;
for(int i=0;i<=max-1;i++)
{
value=value+x[i];
}
return(value);
}

8. 09/04/138 VIT - SCSE
Multidimensional Array
Syntax:
storage_class data_type arrayname[expr1][expr2]….[exprn];
float value[10][10];
int line[20][10][5];

9. A program to initialize a set of numbers in a two dimensional array and to
display the content of the array on the screen
09/04/139 VIT - SCSE
cout<<”Contents of the
array”<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=N-1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<=M-1;j++)
cout<<a[i][j]<<’t’;
cout<<endl;
}
}
#include<iostream.h>
#define N 3
#define M 4
void main()
{
int i,j;
float a[N][M] = { {1,2,3,4},
{5,6,7,8},
{9,10,11,12}
};

10. Character Array
char page[40];
09/04/1310 VIT - SCSE
#include<iostream.h>
void main()
{
int i;
char name[5]={‘r’,’a’,’v’,’i’};
cout<<”Contents of the array”<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=4;i++)
{
cout<<”name[“<<i<<”]=”<<name[i]<<endl;
}
}

11. Pointer
09/04/1311 VIT - SCSE
Pointer Declaration
Pointer Operator (*)
Address Operator (&)
#include<iostream.h>
void main()
{
char x,y;
char *p;
x=’c’;
p=&x;
y=*p;
cout<<”Value of x=”<<x<<endl;
cout<<”pointer value=”<<y<<endl;
}

12. Pointer Arithmetic
+, -, ++, --
09/04/1312 VIT - SCSE
#include<iostream.h>
void main()
{
int x,y;
int *p;
x=10;
p=&x;
cout<<”value of x=”<<x<<”and pointer=”;
cout<<*p<<endl;
y=*p+1;
cout<<”Value of y=”<<y<<”and pointer=”;
cout<<*p<<endl;
}

13. Pointers and Functions
09/04/1313 VIT - SCSE
Use of the pointers in a function definition may be
classified in to two groups.
1.call by value
2.call by reference

14. call by value
//A program to exchange the contents of two variables using a call by value
09/04/1314 VIT - SCSE
#include<iostream.h>
void main()
{
int x,y;
void swap(int,int);
x=100;
y=200;
cout<<”values before swap”<<endl;
cout<<”x=”<<x<<”y=”<<y<<endl;
swap(x,y);
cout<<”values after swap”<<endl;
cout<<”x=”<<x<<”y=”<<y<<endl;
}
void swap(int x,int y)
{
int temp;
temp=x;
x=y;
y=temp;
}

15. call by reference
Address of the actual arguments are copied onto the formal arguments
09/04/1315 VIT - SCSE
#include<iostream.h>
void main()
{
int x,y;
void swap(int *x,int *y);
x=100;
y=200;
cout<<”values before swap”<<endl;
cout<<”x=”<<x<<”y=”<<y<<endl;
swap(&x,&y);
cout<<”values after swap”<<endl;
cout<<”x=”<<x<<”y=”<<y<<endl;
}
void swap(int *x,int *y)
{
int temp;
temp=*x;
*x=*y;
*y=temp;
}