verb formation, present to be

1. PRESENT SIMPLE (Aff.)
To be
I am
You are
He / She / It is
We are
You are
They are

2. Examples
• I am a good student.
• You are my teacher.
• Pedro (he) is my friend.
• María (she) is my friend, too.
• The cat (it) is on the chair.
• Pedro, María and I (we) are friends.
• “You, boys and girls, are young students.”
• Pedro and María (they) are my friends.

3. PRESENT SIMPLE (Neg.)
To be
I am ’m not
You are aren’t
He / She / It is isn’t
not
We are aren’t
You are aren’t
They are aren’t

4. Examples
• I am not a good student.
I’m not a good student.
• You are not my teacher.
You aren’t my teacher.
• Pedro (he) is not my friend.
Pedro (he) isn’t my friend.
• María (she) is not my friend.
María (she) isn’t my friend.
• The cat (it) is not on the chair.
The cat (it) isn’t on the chair.
• Pedro, María and I (we) are not friends.
Pedro, María and I (we) aren’t friends.
• “You, boys and girls, are not young students.”
“You, boys and girls, aren’t young students.”
• Pedro and María (they) are not my friends.
Pedro and María (they) aren’t my friends.

5. PRESENT SIMPLE (Int.)
To be
I am
You are
He / She / It is
We are
You are
They are

6. PRESENT SIMPLE (Int.)
To be
Am I
Are you
Is he / she / it ?
Are we
Are you
Are they

7. Examples
• Am I a good student ?
• Are you my teacher ?
• Is Pedro (he) my friend ?
• Is María (she) my friend, too ?
• Is the cat (it) on the chair ?
• Are Pedro, María and I (we) friends ?
• Are you, boys and girls, young students ?
• Are Pedro and María (they) my friends ?

8. Short answers
• Am I a good student ?
Yes, you are /// No, you aren’t.
• Are you my teacher ?
Yes, I am. /// No, I’m not.
• Is Pedro my friend ?
Yes, he is. /// No, he isn’t.
• Is María my friend, too ?
Yes, she is. /// No, she isn’t.
• Is the cat on the chair ?
Yes, it is. /// No it isn’t.
• Are Pedro, María and I friends ?
Yes, we are. /// No, we aren’t.
• Are you, boys and girls, young students ?
Yes, we are. /// No, we aren’t.
• Are Pedro and María my friends ?
Yes, they are. /// No, they aren’t.