course material

1. Discussion: Preventing nosocomial infections 2
Discussion: Preventing nosocomial infections 2Discussion: Preventing nosocomial
infections 2Is the use of soap and water or alcohol-based rubs more effective in preventing
nosocomial infections?Identify an appropriate research design.An appropriate research
design for this research question is quantitative research with an experimental
design.Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the design.According to Roger Watson
(2015), quantitative studies produce numbers that should be interpreted before
conclusions may be drawn. This can be considered a strength for this design as numbers
allows the researcher to draw conclusion easily. An area of weakness is the idea that the
opportunity for error cannot be eliminated entirely. According to Watson (2015) “it is
essential to store data carefully, once it has been entered into any package, since loss can
jeopardize the study”.Provide a rationale for the design you selectedThis design allows the
research to manipulate the independent variable in order to study the effect it has on the
dependent variable. In this case, the researcher is able to identify the effect of soap and
water on the prevention of nosocomial infections and the effect is alcohol-based rubs on the
prevention if nosocomial infections. The number of occurrences will be compared to draw a
conclusionORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPERSHow effective are
anti-depressive medications on anxiety and depression?Identify an appropriate research
design.An appropriate research design for this research question is qualitative
design.Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the design.According to Leslie Gelling
(2014), while utilizing qualitative research, nurses to understand health and illness
experiences and offer ‘compassionate, person-centered care. This is considered to be a
strength for this design. Gelling also stated that “a poorly worded question might lead the
research in the wrong direction, wasting the researcher’s time and, more importantly,
wasting the research participants’ time if the chosen methodology is unable to answer the
question (Gelling, 2014). This is the weakness of this design.Provide a rationale for the
design you selectedQualitative research is an approach to scientific inquiry that allows
researchers to explore human experiences in personal and social contexts, and gain greater
understanding of the factors influencing these experiences.What is the difference in
attitudes of male and female college students toward condoms?Identify an appropriate
research design.An appropriate research design for this research question is a qualitative
descriptive design. In a descriptive study without manipulating any variables.Discuss the
strengths and weaknesses of the design.According to Pathak, Jena, and Kalra (2013),
qualitative research is now recognized for its ability to add a new dimension to

2. interventional studies that cannot be obtained through measurement of variables alone.
This can be considered to be a strength of this design. Qualitative studies should be well-
designed and the aims of the study should be meticulously adjudicated (Pathak, Jena, &
Kalra, 2013). On the other hand, descriptive research also presents the possibility for error
and subjectivity. Confidentiality is the primary weakness of descriptive research (Murphy,
n.d.). Often subjects are not truthful as they feel the need to tell the researcher what they
think the researcher wants to hear (Murphy, n.d.).Provide a rationale for the design you
selectedQualitative method is used to understand people’s beliefs, experiences, attitudes,
behavior, and interactions. Discussion: Preventing nosocomial infections
2ReferencesGelling, L. (2015). Qualitative research. Nursing Standard, 29(30), 43. Retrieved
from
http://dx.doi.org.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/10.7748/ns.29.30.43.e9749Murphy, J.
(n.d.). Strengths and weaknesses of descriptive research. Retrieved from,
http://classroom.synonym.com/strengths-weaknesses-descriptive-research-
2596.htmlPathak, V., Jena, B., & Kalra, S. (2013). Qualitative research. Perspectives in
Clinical Research, 4(3), 192. Retrieved from http://doi.org/10.4103/2229-
3485.115389Watson, R. (2015). Quantitative research. Nursing Standard, 29(31), 44.
Retrieved from
http://dx.doi.org.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/10.7748/ns.29.31.44.e8681 discussio
n 2Use of Soap and Water Versus Alcohol-Based Rubs to Prevent Nosocomial InfectionsThe
study chosen for this topic researched the effects of waterless hand rubs versus the
traditional hand scrubbing method to prevent infections in surgical rooms. One hundred
operating room staff members from different medical centers were divided into two groups
of fifty participants (Chen, Han, Kan, Chen & Hung, 2012). One group used waterless hand
rubs and the other group of workers used traditional hand washing techniques as part of
the scrubbing process for surgeries. The hands of the participants were scrubbed and a
bacterial culture was done on the two groups of participants (Chen et al., 2012). After a
forty-eight hour period of bacterial growth of both samples, the results demonstrated
bacteria growth was equal among the two groups (Chen et al., 2012). There were no
statistical significance found. The study concluded that alcohol-based rubs and water
provide the same level of protection among operating room staff (Chen et al.,
2012).Strengths and WeaknessesOne of the strengths of the study was the method of
conducting the study was the same among the two participant groups (Chen et al., 2012).
The time the participants took in applying the alcohol-based rub and washing hands were
the same. The weakness of the study was the participant sample was rather small (Chen et
al., 2012). A larger study conducted at different facilities provides better evidence of the
findings. Also, a study with a larger sample population may have also resulted in different
findings (Chen et al., 2012).Rationale for the DesignThe study selected is a quantitative
research that attempted to estimate the required scrubbing times using alcohol-based
scrubs and traditional handwashing technique for operating room staff (Chen et al., 2012).
Also the study focused on comparing the use of alcohol-based hand rubs versus the
traditional handwashing techniques in prevention of nosocomial infections in the operating
room (Chen et al., 2012).Relationship Between Alcohol and Breast CancerThe article

3. reviewed focused on possible pathways of alcohol into the breast tissue and possible
consequences. The study also reviewed the women’s age in relations to drinking habits, in
an attempt to identify a possible connection between early alcohol consumption among
women and breast cancer (Liu, Nguyen, & Colditz, 2015). The study concluded that
moderate alcohol consumption is associated with higher risk of breast cancer (Liu, Nguyen,
& Colditz, 2015).Strengths and WeaknessesA strength of the study is there was significant
evidence to suggest that the risk of cancer increases by thirty-four percent for those women
who had an alcohol intake greater than fifteen drinks per day (Liu, Nguyen, & Colditz, 2015).
A weakness identified in the study was that other lifestyle components that may increase
the risk of breast cancer were not taken into consideration when conducting the study (Liu,
Nguyen, & Colditz, 2015).Rationale for the DesignThis research was focused on the possible
influence of timing and patterns of alcohol consumption and the possible mechanisms
underlying alcohol and breast cancer association. The possible pathways of alcohol into the
breast tissue were studied (Liu, Nguyen, & Colditz, 2015). The women’s age in relation to
drinking habits for possible connection between early alcohol consumption in women and
breast cancer were also studied (Liu, Nguyen, & Colditz, 2015).Difference in Attitudes
Between Male and Female Students Towards CondomsFemale and male participants from a
treatment-seeking substance abuse treatment program were studied in relations to their
attitudes and skills towards the use of condoms. The study found that men found more
barriers to using condoms than women (Calsyn, Peavy, Wells, Campbell, Hatch-Maillette,
Greenfield & Tross, 2013). The study used electronic interviews for assessment of skills and
attitude towards the use of condom (Calsyn et al., 2013). Discussion: Preventing nosocomial
infections 2