10. Knowledge Organisation Systems Controlled Vocabulary Synonym Ring Authority File Taxonomy Thesaurus Collection of Terms Equivalent Terms Preferred Terms Hierarchy Related Terms Controlled vocabularies : designed for use in classifying or indexing documents and for searching them. Thesaurus : Controlled vocabulary in which concepts are represented by preferred terms, formally organised so that paradigmatic relationships between the concepts are made explicit, and the preferred terms are accompanied by lead-in entries for synonyms or quasi-synonyms.
18. SKOS Example animals NT cats cats UF domestic cats RT wildcats BT animals SN used only for domestic cats domestic cats USE cats wildcats Graphic: Antoine Isaac
Is this just going to be preaching to the converted?
Linking and Bridging: complimentary approaches.
OWL used for representation, but bent to fit the purposes that we wanted it to serve. Not all Cells have a Nucleus So ended up with “OntoDirty” ontologies. Woods & Schmolze: This situation is exacerbated by the fact that these systems (especially the more limited ones), often don't provide some of the capabilities that users need. When this happens, users get creative and the intended semantics of the notation is easily cast aside for an operational semantics determined by what the algorithms do (to the extent that they can be understood). In many cases, users have creatively used these systems to achieve behaviour that was not intended by the designers."
Various Standards: ISO 2788/5694, BS8723-2, BS8723-4, LIMBER, AGROVOC etc. But little RDF/SW.
Semantic Web Advanced Development EU IST
2005
Design and lasting aesthetics. Windy horse bridge on canal “Roving Bridge” (see wikipedia) Canals key communication infrastructure of their day. Solved a particular problem in an aesthetically pleasing fashion Don’t have to do it that way. Could have ramps on one side of bridge or gap on the middle for rope. Introduction of powered boats removed the need (but it still looks nice)
SKOS Metamodel Note no explicit model in the Rec. Classes, properties etc. Primarily about the relations (which can be used elsewhere). Semantic Relations No specialisations Labelling pref/alt/hidden Mapping sameAs vs exactMatch Concept Based approach
Example: STITCH Lookup service
Bricks all the way through
ZBW: German National Library of Economics
Small bridges allow local communities to interact and communicate. Not absolutely vital to life You could get across by getting your feet wet But make things much more comfortable. Mappings allow people to work in their own domain/community and link where possible. No “imposition” (Skye bridge??).
NASA Astrophysics Data System AVM Astronomy Visualisation Metadata: Subject categories for tagging images.
CF Conversation with Antoine Isaac about opening up cultural heritage collections
RDFa good for this. Structured information Chunked Both human and m/c readable aspects to it.
Lots of others: AGROVOC (FAO) UMBEL http://www.umbel.org E-Culture http://e-culture.multimedian.nl
Examples SKOSEd PoolParty Drupal TopBraid
Scottish/English Border Oldest suspension bridge still carrying traffic
Technology over users. Seen as an architectural triumph by designers – loved by the concrete geeks. It’s actually pretty horrible. Crescents etc.
Vocabulary maintenance issues. Rock and a hard place.
What does this tell us? People don’t read Specs? People read the specs but don’t care? We got the spec wrong?
SKOS as navigation overlay supporting comprehension
The mission of the Library Linked Data Incubator Group is to help increase global interoperability of library data on the Web, by bringing together people involved in Semantic Web activities—focusing on Linked Data—in the library community and beyond, building on existing initiatives, and identifying collaboration tracks for the future.
![Sean Bechhofer University of Manchester [email_address] @seanbechhofer](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/skos-eswc-100603033738-phpapp01/85/SKOS-Past-Present-and-Future-1-320.jpg)
